Eufillin in obstructive and chronic bronchitis: inhalations, drips, electrophoresis

Bronchitis is an inflammatory disease of the bronchi, occurring with attacks of excruciating cough against the background of difficulty breathing. The inflammatory process in the bronchi always occurs with the formation of a large amount of mucus, for the removal of which it is necessary to expand the airways, which are constrained as a result of muscle spasm due to their excessive tension. The antispasmodic drug "Eufillin" for bronchitis acts as an active bronchodilator, helping to restore the patency of the airways even in cases of severe obstruction.

Since Euphyllin is not a specific bronchodilator, and due to its ability to quickly relieve smooth muscle spasms, it is used for a wide range of different diseases, some readers have a completely fair question: can Euphyllin be used for bronchitis? And if we consider that the drug is famous for a fairly large number of contraindications and side effects, the possibility of its use is generally questionable.

Nevertheless, the drug is used for inflammation of the bronchi even in small children. And in many cases quite successfully, which means it makes sense to consider the use of this antispasmodic for the treatment of bronchitis in more detail.

Indications eufillin for bronchitis

It is worth noting right away that the indications for the use of the drug are quite broad, because its active substance (aminophylline, a theophylline derivative) is able to relieve muscle spasms not only of the bronchi, but also of the heart, blood vessels, bladder, bile ducts, etc. But now we are interested in the cases in which it is recommended to take "Euphyllin" for bronchitis.

So, "Eufillin" is an active bronchodilator that improves expectoration, which means it can be successfully used for coughs accompanied by the release of large amounts of viscous bronchial contents. This situation is often observed in chronic bronchitis and in ardent fans of smoking, which means "Eufillin" can be used to treat such patients.

"Eufillin" will also help with severe coughing fits accompanied by suffocation due to bronchial spasm. "Eufillin" for obstructive bronchitis helps to quickly eliminate bronchospasm, which complicates not only the discharge of sputum, but also breathing, which is life-threatening for the patient.

Attacks of sharp narrowing of the bronchial lumen can be provoked by various factors, which means you need to be ready to provide emergency assistance to a patient with obstructive bronchitis (or even bronchial asthma) at any time and in different situations. "Eufillin" is available both as injection solutions and as tablets, which makes it possible to always keep it with you, using it in critical situations.

It is worth noting that obstructive bronchitis with obstruction of the airways, from the pharynx to the lungs, most often becomes a consequence of ineffective treatment of chronic bronchitis. However, in some cases, obstruction can be caused by regular entry of dust and other foreign substances into the bronchi. In infancy, obstruction is often associated with the entry of various liquids (blood, milk, etc.) into the respiratory tract. "Euphyllin" will be useful in these situations as well; it is administered after removing foreign bodies and liquids from the respiratory tract.

The drug "Eufillin", according to the instructions for it, is intended for the treatment of patients over 6 years old. However, in the case of severe obstructive bronchitis, threatening the life of a small patient, doctors effectively use the drug, calculating the permissible dose in this case in each specific case.

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Pharmacodynamics

Any drug contains an active substance (one or more), the presence of which determines the therapeutic properties of the drug. In the drug "Euphyllin" such a substance is aminophylline, which has antispasmodic properties. Ethylenediamine acts as a catalyst for the processes triggered by aminophylline, which not only enhances the drug, but also promotes its rapid dissolution in a liquid medium.

Thanks to this composition, the effective antispasmodic can be used not only in the form of tablets, but also as an injection solution for intramuscular injections or an infusion solution for drip administration, which is relevant in situations where delay is unacceptable.

The main action of aminophylline is aimed at relaxing the muscles of the bronchial system, which allows air to freely penetrate the lungs, delivering oxygen there, and ensures the removal of carbon dioxide. However, in parallel with this, the drug is able to enhance the non-specific protection of the bronchi, stimulating their inner membrane, which produces mucus.

By stimulating the brain centers responsible for breathing, aminophylline stimulates the contractility of not only the bronchi, but also other muscles involved in the act of breathing, including the diaphragm and intercostal muscles. By increasing the body's sensitivity to CO2 _and improving blood oxygen saturation by improving ventilation of the bronchial system, aminophylline has a positive effect on other organs and systems that experience oxygen starvation during spasm.

Bronchitis is an insidious pathology that provides a strong load not only on the respiratory system, but also on the cardiovascular system of the patient. By stimulating myocardial contraction and increasing coronary blood flow, "Eufillin" thereby facilitates the work of the heart, reducing the load on it.

By relaxing the muscles of the kidneys and bladder, the drug provides a mild diuretic effect, which makes it effective in relieving swelling if it poses a danger to the patient.

Pharmacokinetics

The drug is rapidly absorbed even when taken orally. Eating food may slightly reduce the absorption rate without affecting the volume. The absorption rate also depends on the dose of the drug. Small doses of the drug are absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract faster than large ones.

The maximum concentration of aminophylline in the blood plasma is observed 1-2 hours after taking the drug (with oral administration); with intravenous administration, the peak concentration is observed after 15 minutes.

Aminophylline is partially metabolized in the liver with the release of caffeine, which is excreted in children under 3 years of age much longer than in adults, and therefore can accumulate in the child’s body.

When prescribing "Eufillin" for bronchitis to patients of different ages and health conditions, it is necessary to take into account that its half-life is directly dependent on these indicators. Thus, in newborns and patients with heart pathologies, T1/2 will be equal to 1 day, while in completely healthy adult patients this indicator will be within 8-9 hours. Nicotine in large doses accelerates the elimination of aminophylline.

When prescribing the drug during pregnancy and lactation, it is necessary to understand that aminophylline is able to penetrate into breast milk and the blood of the fetus, where its concentration is even higher than in the mother’s blood.

It is excreted mainly by the kidneys.

Dosing and administration

Despite all the above-described points, doctors continue to use Euphyllin for chronic bronchitis with airway obstruction, bronchospasms, pulmonary emphysema and other dangerous conditions, when the drug practically saves people's lives.

Let's consider how different forms of the drug can be used to treat chronic bronchitis.

Euphyllin tablets for bronchitis

The drug in tablet form is intended for oral administration. The medicine should be taken after meals, with ½ glass of water. The tablets can be swallowed whole or broken into 2-4 pieces.

The dosage of the drug is selected individually, taking into account the rate of elimination of the drug from the body in different groups of patients.

The daily dose of the drug for adults and adolescents weighing over 50 kg ranges from 450-900 mg (from 3 to 6 tablets weighing 150 mg) with the possibility of increasing the dose to 8 tablets. The medication should be taken every 6 hours, dividing the daily dosage into 3-4 equal parts.

If the weight of an adult patient is within 40-50 kg (for teenagers this figure is slightly higher – from 45 to 55 kg), the daily dose of the drug should not exceed 600 mg.

The daily dose for children over 6 years of age and adolescents weighing less than 45 kg is calculated as 13 mg per kilogram of the patient's body weight. In general, this is the minimum daily dose for adults - 450 mg (3 tablets). The frequency of administration is 3 times a day.

Ampoules "Eufillin" for bronchitis

The pharmaceutical industry produces "Euphyllin" not only in the form of tablets, but also in the form of a solution of the drug placed in ampoules. Each ampoule (5 and 10 ml) of the drug contains 120 or 240 mg of aminophylline.

"Eufillin" for bronchitis in injections can be prescribed both intravenously and intramuscularly. Intravenous injections are indicated if the situation is life-threatening for the patient and urgent help is required. After all, with this method of administration, the drug enters the bloodstream most quickly, forming effective concentrations there.

For intravenous injections, the drug is mixed with a 9% sodium chloride solution in a 1:2 ratio. The duration of the injection should not be less than 5 minutes, otherwise there is a high probability of adverse reactions from the cardiovascular system (increased heart rate, shortness of breath, drop in blood pressure). If this is observed even at a low rate of administration of the drug, it is necessary to switch to drip administration.

During the injection, the patient must be in a lying position, and the doctor must constantly monitor his condition. The dose for adults is calculated as 6 mg per 1 kg of weight.

The drug can be prescribed to a child intramuscularly for vital indications. In this case, the dose is calculated as 15 mg of aminophylline for each kilogram of the patient's weight.

If necessary, the dosage can be increased by a quarter of the initial dose once every 2-3 days.

An Ephyllin drip for bronchitis can be prescribed to both adults and children if the situation that has arisen threatens the patient’s life.

In situations that pose a threat to the patient’s life, the drug is administered in a loading dose (5.6 mg per 1 kg of weight) over 30 minutes; maintenance therapy is carried out in smaller doses (0.9-3.3 mg per 1 kg of weight at a rate of 30-50 drops per minute up to 3 times a day).

The infusion solution is prepared by mixing 2 ampoules of "Euphyllin" of 5 or 10 mg with a sodium chloride solution of 100-150 ml.

Droppers are given to children only in extreme cases. The daily dosage for infants up to 3 months should not exceed 60 mg. Older children are given the drug in a dose corresponding to 2-3 mg per kilogram of the child's weight.

A single dose of aminophylline for adults should not exceed 250 mg. At the maximum dose, the drug can be administered no more than 2 times a day.

The duration of treatment with injections should not exceed 2 weeks. Once the patient's condition improves, it is recommended to transfer him to oral medications.

Unconventional use of "Eufillin"

According to the manufacturer's instructions, the drug "Euphyllin" for bronchitis should be used as an oral medication, as well as for injection or drip administration in case of acute obstruction of the bronchi. Electrophoresis with "Euphyllin" is used primarily for the treatment of bronchial asthma and osteochondrosis, for cerebrovascular accidents, to reduce intracranial pressure, and to relieve tension in smooth muscles, but the instructions do not mention this procedure for bronchitis.

However, such treatment of bronchitis is also actively practiced among doctors. For electrophoresis, an ampoule solution of the drug is used, which is used to wet a napkin, then applied to the area of the bronchi between the patient's body and the electrode.

In case of bronchitis, Euphyllin can be used independently or in combination with magnesia. In the second case, one napkin is moistened in a solution of Euphyllin, and the other is soaked in magnesia, after which the napkins are placed under electrodes with different poles.

The medicine passes through the skin under the influence of an electric current, the strength of which is selected individually. Thus, aminophylline is delivered directly to the bronchi, facilitating breathing and promoting blood oxygen saturation, but without having a systemic effect on other organs, which is especially important in the treatment of small patients.

The procedure time usually ranges from 10 to 20 minutes (in pediatrics the time is set to 10 minutes). On average, about 15-20 procedures are performed, which are prescribed daily or once every 2 days.

The traditional method of conducting medicinal electrophoresis is described above. However, in case of bronchitis, as one of the pathologies of the respiratory organs, good results are also given by intra-tissue electrophoresis, in which the medicine is administered orally or parenterally, after which the electrodes are applied to the bronchial area.

Administration of drugs by means of electrophoresis is a painless (for example, intramuscular administration of drugs is accompanied by severe pain) method of therapy, in which even small doses of the drug produce a long-term positive effect, and the bioavailability of aminophylline approaches 100%, which cannot be achieved with oral administration.

However, when prescribing electrophoresis, it is necessary to take into account contraindications concerning not only the medication used, but also the procedure itself. Electrophoresis is not performed if the patient is in serious condition, has a high body temperature (from 38 degrees), has impaired blood clotting, has pacemakers and other metal-containing implants, has damaged skin at the site of exposure, or is menstruating. The procedure is also not allowed by such health pathologies as tuberculosis (active form), cancer, liver and kidney failure. Exposure to an electromagnetic field is considered dangerous in case of decompensated cardiovascular insufficiency and severe mental disorders. Electrophoresis is prohibited during an exacerbation of the disease.

Another unconventional way of using "Eufillin" for bronchitis is to inhale the drug. It is difficult to say what the rationale for such treatment is. Apparently, the property that "Eufillin", when entering the bloodstream, effectively expands the bronchi and alveoli, relieving the increased tone of the respiratory tract muscles, led to the erroneous conclusion that the drug will have the same effect when it enters the bronchial mucosa.

Inhalations with "Eufillin" for bronchitis, although quite popular, are equal in effectiveness to the same procedure carried out with clean water. This is the opinion of doctors who claim that the expansion of the bronchi occurs under the influence of steam, and not the drug itself.

In case of chronic bronchitis, it is more appropriate to talk about a different treatment regimen, when inhalations are carried out with Berodual or Salbutamol and Lazolvan, where the first two drugs expand the bronchi, and the latter facilitates the removal of sputum. As an option, inhalations with Lazolvan for bronchitis can be carried out after therapy with Euphyllin and Suprastin, the intake of which helps relieve swelling and spasms of the respiratory tract. In this case, an antispasmodic and an antihistamine are taken orally the day before inhalations.

In chronic bronchitis and severe cough, medicinal compresses and lotions show a good effect. But since "Euphyllin" does not penetrate the skin well, there is no point in using it in its pure form. But in combination with the drug "Dimexide", which facilitates the penetration of other drugs into tissues, aminophylline is quite capable of alleviating the patient's condition by improving ventilation of the respiratory organs.

"Dimexide" and "Eufillin" in a compress for bronchitis are found in different recipes.

Classic recipe:

• 1 tbsp. "Dimexide"
• 1 ampoule of "Eufillina" 5 ml,
• 4 tbsp. water, heated to 45 degrees.

First, mix Dimexide with water, then add Euphyllin.

Enhanced recipe:

• 1 tbsp. "Dimexide"
• 1 ampoule each of “Eufillin” and “Mukolvan”,
• 5 tbsp warm water.

The composition is prepared according to the same principle.

The compress is made as follows: soak a cloth napkin in the prepared composition, apply it to the patient's chest or back, cover with film and a warm cloth. Keep the compress for 30-40 minutes. It can be done 1 or 2 times a day, as prescribed by the attending physician.

When using Dimexide in compresses, it is important to realize that this drug is highly toxic. Using it in its pure form is dangerous even for a healthy person, not to mention people with cardiovascular, liver and kidney pathologies, for whom the drug is prohibited in any form.

When planning to use a compress with Dimexide and Euphyllin to treat a child, you should first consult with a doctor about the safe proportions of water and preparations, because Dimexide can only be used from the age of 12, and Euphyllin, according to the annotation, from the age of 6.

As for the warming compresses themselves, they should not be done at high body temperature and should not be applied to the heart area. After removing the compress, the skin must be wiped with a damp cloth, removing any remaining medication.

Euphyllin for children with bronchitis

According to the instructions for the drug "Eufillin", for bronchitis and other pathologies that require rapid relief of spasms and restoration of breathing and blood circulation, it is allowed to be used from the age of 6. However, in pediatric practice, the drug is often used to save the lives of very young patients. Thus, it is used for bronchial obstruction in newborns caused by milk and physiological fluids entering the respiratory tract.

Children under 3 years of age may be given the drug in injection form only for vital indications and only intramuscularly; tablets are not given to children at all. If there is no threat to the child's life, injection solutions are allowed to be administered only starting from the age of 14. At the age of 3-6, a child may be prescribed the drug even in tablet form, but the dosage will be significantly less than that of an adult.

In children, bronchospasms against the background of bronchitis occur quite often, which means that emergency assistance is required to restore breathing. Intravenous administration of the drug is considered the most effective in this case, which should be carried out strictly under the supervision of the attending physician. And in the future, it is recommended to leave the child under the supervision of a pediatrician, because "Eufillin" is famous for its effect not only on the bronchi, but also on the cardiovascular system, which can cause a drop in blood pressure against the background of a decrease in the tone of blood vessels and other undesirable consequences.

To avoid negative impact on the child's body at a young age, the drug is recommended to be used only in the form of inhalations or during physiotherapy. Medicinal electrophoresis allows to avoid the systemic impact of aminophylline on the child's body (circulatory system, heart, kidneys, bile ducts, mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract, etc.), since the active substance is delivered directly to the affected area, where it has a therapeutic effect in the necessary safe concentrations.

The effective dose of the drug for various manipulations is calculated by the attending physician, based on the age and body weight of the sick child.

Use eufillin for bronchitis during pregnancy

"Eufillin" is an excellent antispasmodic with the ability to affect the muscles of the uterus, relieving increased muscle tone, which makes it possible to use it if there is a threat of premature spontaneous termination of pregnancy. But on the other hand, the good penetrating ability of the active substance, which easily passes through the protective barrier - the placenta, poses some danger to the fetus in the womb.

Aminophylline itself is not capable of influencing the development of the fetus, but it can provide some toxic effects for the small organism. The effect of aminophylline will result in symptoms of intoxication that can be observed in the newborn (nausea, irregular heartbeat, etc.). These symptoms are not dangerous to the life and development of the baby, since they are considered reversible. This gives the doctor the opportunity to use the drug in situations that threaten the life of the pregnant woman and threaten miscarriage.

Thus, the drug can be used in situations such as late-term toxicosis (gestosis), edema syndrome, placental insufficiency, threatened miscarriage, bronchial obstruction, etc. In these situations, the doctor is required to take urgent effective measures to save the life of the woman and the unborn baby.

There is no specific dosage for such cases, so the doctor has to rely on his knowledge and experience, and the woman has to trust the specialist observing her, strictly following his requirements for the dosage and methods of using the drug.

Contraindications

Here we come to an important question that worries many patients, because taking antispasmodics against the background of some pathologies and conditions can only cause deterioration of the patient's health. And there are quite a few contraindications to the use of the drug "Euphyllin", used for bronchitis, which must be taken into account even when prescribing the drug.

Unfortunately, not all doctors are responsible in their work, which means that potential buyers of the drug should be informed about all contraindications to it, both absolute and relative.

First, let's look at absolute contraindications to the use of the drug, in which the use of the drug is not permitted under any circumstances:

• Severe arterial hypertension or hypotension (if the patient has consistently high or, conversely, low blood pressure that is difficult to correct with medications),
• Arrhythmia with a consistently elevated heart rate (this pathology is called tachyarrhythmia),
• Gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer in the acute stage,
• Gastritis, occurring against the background of high acidity of gastric juice,
• Severe renal or hepatic impairment,
• Epilepsy and history of epileptic seizures in the patient's medical history,
• Brain hemorrhage.

The drug is not prescribed to patients with acute porphyria, retinal hemorrhages, high body temperature, hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. The drug in tablet form is not used in the treatment of patients under 3 years of age, for whom swallowing tablets causes serious difficulties.

Now let's talk about relative contraindications. These are cases when the use of the drug is allowed, but it is necessary to exercise some caution in the dosage of the drug and the methods of its administration.

So, the drug is used with caution in such situations:

• In acute myocardial infarction,
• During an attack of angina,
• In the widespread form of vascular atherosclerosis,
• Tendency to convulsions,
• Various disorders of the kidneys and liver,
• The presence in the patient's medical history of a healed gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer,
• History of gastrointestinal bleeding,
• For gastric reflux disease,
• Thyroid dysfunction, manifested in uncontrolled low or, conversely, increased production of thyroid hormones (with hypo- and hyperthyroidism or thyrotoxicosis),
• High body temperature that does not subside over a long period of time,
• In case of septic lesions.

In all these cases, the drug is prohibited from being administered by injection.

Particular caution with careful dose adjustment should be exercised in the treatment of pregnant women, nursing mothers, children, and elderly patients.

Side effects eufillin for bronchitis

Both oral and injection administration of drugs may be accompanied by the appearance of undesirable symptoms, which are usually called side effects of the drug. You should also familiarize yourself with them when planning to take Euphyllin for bronchitis.

The effect of the drug on different organs and systems of the body can cause both a positive and a negative response on their part.

Thus, the central nervous system may react to taking the drug with dizziness, difficulty falling asleep and restless sleep, anxiety, tremors in the body, and the development of convulsive syndrome.

From the side of the heart and blood vessels, one can observe the appearance of arrhythmia, heart pain (for this reason, too rapid administration of the drug is not recommended), a drop in blood pressure and an increase in heart rate. Some patients experienced an increase in the frequency of angina attacks, others indicated a feeling of strong heartbeat.

From the digestive system, you can expect such manifestations as nausea and vomiting, loose and frequent stools, heartburn due to increased acidity of gastric juice. Exacerbations of gastric ulcers, esophagoreflex disease, and with long-term therapy, the development of anorexia are possible.

While taking medications, laboratory parameters may change. For example, blood or protein may be found in the urine, which is associated with kidney problems, or blood glucose levels may drop.

The immune system may react to Euphyllin by developing allergic reactions in the form of skin rashes, itching and fever.

Among other things, patients may experience: hyperhidrosis (increased sweating), hot flashes, chest pain, and increased urine output.

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Overdose

If "Eufillin" is used for bronchitis in large doses, an overdose is possible, which is accompanied by the following symptoms: loss of appetite, pain in the epigastrium, gastric bleeding, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea. The patient's breathing becomes shallow, the pulse quickens, the heartbeat is irregular, sleep disturbances are observed, increased motor activity against the background of incomprehensible anxiety, the sensitivity of the eyes to light increases. Then trembling in the body appears, the limbs are cramped.

Severe poisoning with the drug may have such manifestations as epileptic seizures, symptoms of hypoxia, disturbance of acid-base balance (acidosis), increased blood sugar levels, potassium deficiency, decreased blood pressure, necrotic changes in skeletal muscle tissue, kidney failure, and confusion.

Treatment measures (in hospital): forced diuresis, hemodialysis, extracorporeal blood purification methods such as hemosorption and plasmapheresis, symptomatic therapy. For vomiting, prescribe "Metoclopramide", for convulsions - "Diazepam" and oxygen therapy.

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Interactions with other drugs

As we can see, "Eufillin", used to relieve bronchospasms and ease coughing in bronchitis, is not such a safe drug, requiring strict adherence to the prescribed dosages. This means that its prescription should also be coordinated with the intake of other medications, so that the interaction of drugs does not have negative consequences for the body.

There is a group of drugs that can enhance the effect of "Euphyllin", which requires correction of the prescribed dose. Such drugs include "Furosemide" and "Ephedrine". A similar effect is observed in combination with beta-adrenergic stimulants and caffeine.

Another group of drugs inhibits the elimination of aminophylline from the body, increasing its concentration in the blood, which also requires a reduction in the prescribed dose of the antispasmodic. Such drugs include oral contraceptives, macrolide and fluoroquinolone antibiotics, beta-blockers, influenza vaccines, drugs based on allopurine, isoprenaline, cemitidine, lincomycin, viloxazine, fluvoxamine, and disulfiram.

"Euphyllin" is not recommended to be taken simultaneously with lithium preparations, as it reduces the effectiveness of the latter. However, when aminophylline and beta-blockers are taken simultaneously, the therapeutic effect of both is reduced.

Taking steroid drugs, diuretics and beta-adrenergic agonists while taking aminophylline can lead to a significant decrease in blood glucose (hypoglycemia).

Aminophylline can enhance the side effects of other drugs (fluorinated anesthetics, mineralocorticoids, CNS stimulants).

"Euphyllin" has the ability to enhance the effect of anticoagulants.

Aminophylline, like theophylline, is a xanthine derivative. To avoid overdose during aminophylline therapy, you will have to give up medications and products (coffee, tea, etc.) containing xanthine, as well as purine and theophylline derivatives.

Taking such drugs based on rifampicin, phenobarbital, phenytoin, isoniazid, carmazepine and moracizine in parallel with "Eufillin" may require an increase in the dose of the latter.

The solution of "Euphyllin" is incompatible with acids, fructose, glucose, levulose and their solutions. In one syringe, the solution of aminiphylline is allowed to be mixed only with a solution of sodium chloride.

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Storage conditions

The drug "Eufillin", effective against bronchitis, belongs to the category of medicines that can be purchased at a pharmacy only with a doctor's prescription filled out in Latin.

The drug should be stored at room temperature. Increasing the ambient temperature above 25 degrees may negatively affect the effectiveness of the drug.

The room where the drug is stored must be dry and protected from direct sunlight.

Shelf life

As for the shelf life of the various forms of the drug, the tablets should be stored for no more than 5 years, and the solution in ampoules should be used up within a year. However, different manufacturers of the drug may have their own requirements for storing their products, which are always reflected in the annotation to the drug.

Reviews of the drug

Most positive reviews of the drug "Eufillin" are related to its use in bronchitis, severe cough, and airway obstruction. For some, the drug provided the desired relief, while for others, it literally saved their lives.

Very good reviews from doctors and patients about the drug as an emergency drug for bronchospasms. This is one of the most convenient to use and fast-acting drugs, capable of quickly restoring breathing, preventing organ hypoxia.

There were also some negative reviews. However, they appear due to incorrect use of the drug. Exceeding the dosage in some cases caused undesirable symptoms, and ignoring contraindications to use - multiple side effects.

Doctors claim that if you take the bronchodilator as prescribed, you can avoid unpleasant symptoms. Still, "Eufillin", despite its cheapness, does not belong to the category of drugs with which you can experiment, because it is not for nothing that it is sold in pharmacies only with a prescription.

Sometimes a negative opinion about the effectiveness of the drug is based on the use of "Eufillin" for bronchitis as a component of an inhalation solution. In this regard, the opinions of doctors and many dissatisfied patients agree. The therapeutic effect of "Eufillin" in this case most likely resembles the "placebo" effect, due to which some patients still notice a significant improvement in their condition due to the normalization of breathing.