Enalapril

Enalapril belongs to the class of drugs called ACE inhibitors.

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Indications Enalapril

It is used to treat the following disorders:

• Raynaud's syndrome;
• hypertension;
• cardiac insufficiency;
• scleroderma;
• elevated blood pressure – symptomatic form;
• diabetic glomerulosclerosis,
• hyperaldosteronism of a secondary nature.

In addition, the drug is used in the combined treatment of myocardial infarction, angina pectoris and chronic renal failure. It can be prescribed to reduce high blood pressure.

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Release form

The drug is released in tablets, packed in 10 pieces inside a blister plate. There are 2 plates in a box.

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Pharmacodynamics

The drug reduces blood pressure, has a vasodilating effect on blood vessels, and in addition has natriuretic and cardioprotective properties.

The therapeutic effect develops due to the slowing down of ACE activity under the influence of Enalapril. As a result, the biosynthesis of angiotepsin 2 decreases, which causes vasodilation and the production of bradykinin with PGE2, which are strong vasodilators.

In people with heart failure, with prolonged use of the drug (more than six months), an increase in cardiac tolerance to various physical activities is observed, and in addition, a decrease in the size of the heart and a decrease in the number of deaths. The effect of the drug allows you to unload the pulmonary circulation, reduce the level of pressure inside the pulmonary capillaries, reduce the indicators of OPSS and increase the values of cardiac output (while no increase in the level of heart rate is noted).

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Pharmacokinetics

The absorption level of the drug reaches 60% regardless of food intake and the presence of food in the gastrointestinal tract. Peak values of the enalaprilat component are recorded after 1 hour from the moment of administration.

Inside the liver, the element undergoes biotransformation to form enalaprilat. This component easily penetrates the placenta and histiocytic barriers.

Excretion of the drug occurs in the kidneys. The antihypertensive effect is observed after 60 minutes from the moment of taking the tablet; this effect continues for 24 hours.

To achieve optimal blood pressure levels, you need to take the medication continuously for several weeks.

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Dosing and administration

Enalapril is used orally. At first, it is taken in a dose equal to 5 mg per day (single use). In diseases affecting the kidneys, as well as the use of diuretics, the dose should be reduced to 2.5 mg. To achieve the effect, in accordance with the individual characteristics of the patient, it is allowed to increase the dosage to 10-40 mg per day (dividing into 2 uses is allowed).

Methods of using Enalapril Hexal.

The medicine is used regardless of food intake.

To reduce high blood pressure, you need to take 5 mg of the substance in the morning. For maintenance treatment, dosages of 10 mg are used. It is prohibited to use more than 40 mg/day.

During CHF, 2.5 mg of the drug is prescribed in the morning. To maintain the condition, 5-10 mg of the substance is taken. It is prohibited to take more than 20 mg of the drug per day.

For problems with left ventricular function, take 2.5 mg of the substance twice a day. The maintenance dose is 10 mg taken twice a day.

In case of renal dysfunction, the medicine is used in a dosage of 2.5 mg per day. In maintenance therapy, 5-10 mg of the medicine is used. No more than 20 mg is allowed per day.

Methods of application of the drug Enalapril Acry.

The medicine can be used at any time of the day. Initially, a single dose of 2.5-5 mg is prescribed for 24 hours. With a maintenance regimen, 10-20 mg is used with 1 dose per 24 hours. A maximum of 40 mg is allowed per day, in 1-2 applications.

Enalapril N dosage regimen.

During a 24-hour period, you should take 1-2 tablets of the drug, regardless of food intake.

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Use Enalapril during pregnancy

Enalapril should not be used during pregnancy.

Contraindications

Among the contraindications:

• hyperaldosteronism;
• presence of strong sensitivity to ACE inhibitors;
• stenosis affecting the arteries in the renal area;
• azotemia;
• problems with kidney function;
• hereditary form of angioedema;
• hyperkalemia;
• aortic stenosis.

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Side effects Enalapril

The medication may cause some side effects:

• dizziness, severe fatigue, feeling of nervousness, headaches and insomnia;
• dyspeptic symptoms, nausea, dry cough or glossitis;
• tinnitus, palpitations, orthostatic collapse, convulsions, pain in the heart;
• renal or hepatic dysfunction, proteinuria, increased liver transaminase or bilirubin levels, and hyperkalemia;
• alopecia, angioedema, erectile dysfunction or neutropenia.

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Overdose

In case of overdose, a strong decrease in blood pressure, development of stroke, myocardial infarction and thromboembolic complications are observed (due to a significant drop in blood pressure).

To eliminate the disorders, isotonic NaCl fluid is administered intravenously. The medication has no antidote.

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Interactions with other drugs

The degree of absorption of the drug is not determined by taking food with it.

Combined use with nitrates, calcium antagonists, hydralazines, and also medications that block the activity of β-adrenergic receptors, methyldopa and prazosin leads to an increase in the antihypertensive properties of Enalapril.

The half-life of the drug is prolonged when combined with cimetidine.

NSAIDs potentiate the nephrotoxic effect and weaken the effectiveness of the drug.

Potassium-sparing diuretics and potassium-containing drugs, when used simultaneously with the drug, cause hyperkalemia.

The drug reduces the half-life of theophylline and also reduces the level of lithium clearance.

Does not interact with SG.

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Storage conditions

Enalapril should be kept in a dry place, out of reach of children. The temperature level should not exceed 25°C.

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Shelf life

Enalapril is allowed to be used within 36 months from the date of manufacture of the drug.

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Application for children

The drug cannot be prescribed in pediatrics.

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Analogues

Analogues of the drug are the medications Ednit, Berlipril, Enap with Invoril, and also Enageksal, Renitek and Enam.

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Reviews

Enalapril receives positive reviews from doctors - it is considered effective in blocking ACE activity. The advantages of the drug include the fact that it is widely used and is available to most patients, as it has a low cost. The drug is quite effective in lowering high blood pressure, but it has disadvantages, including the presence of contraindications and negative symptoms (for example, cough).