Azopt

Asopt - an ophthalmic medicine used to treat glaucoma.

[1], [2], [3]

Indications Azopta

It is used to reduce elevated IOP in ocular hypertension or glaucoma of an open-ended character.

[4]

Release form

The release is made in drops, which are contained in flakonchikah, equipped with a special dispenser.

Pharmacodynamics

The active element of the drug blocks the activity of carbonic anhydrase 2, as a result of which the inhibition of the formation of bicarbonate ions occurs, and with it the movement of the liquid with sodium is weakened. This leads to a decrease in the volume of produced intraocular fluid inside the ciliary eye body, which is the reason for the weakening of IOP values.

The drug has the ability to pass into the circulatory system. The active substance undergoes adsorption within the erythrocytes. At the same time, the decomposition product is formed, a component of N-desethyl Brinzolamide, which also cumulates inside the red blood cells and is synthesized with carbonic anhydrase.

[5], [6], [7], [8]

Pharmacokinetics

The half-life of the medication is 111 days. The level of protein synthesis inside the plasma is 60%.

The active ingredient with its metabolic product is excreted unchanged, mainly with urine.

[9], [10], [11]

Dosing and administration

Drops of the drug must be instilled inside the conjunctival sac - the size of the portion is 1-drop. To conduct such a procedure is necessary daily, twice a day.

Vial with droplets should be shaken before use. Use the medicine with caution, without touching the pipette of the vial to open areas of the skin.

[16], [17]

Use Azopta during pregnancy

Information on the ophthalmologic use of Brinzolamide in pregnant women is absent. In animal tests, toxic effects on the performance of reproductive organs in the case of systemic use were identified. It is forbidden to prescribe Asopt during pregnancy, and in addition to women who are in childbearing age and who do not use contraception.

Lactation period.

There is no evidence that either Brinzolamide or its decay products with mother's milk are excreted in the local ophthalmologic use of drugs. Tests conducted on animals showed that after oral administration of drops, minimal amounts of Brinzolamide were excreted with milk.

It is forbidden to use the medicine for breastfeeding, because it is impossible to exclude the possibility of complications in infants and newborns.

Contraindications

The main contraindications:

• the presence of increased sensitivity with respect to drug components;
• disorders of renal function in severe degree.

Caution is required when using in people with severe hepatic dysfunction or with a closed-angle glaucoma, because studies of the effectiveness of the drug in such violations have not been carried out.

If a patient develops hypersensitivity symptoms, Azopt should be discontinued.

[12], [13], [14]

Side effects Azopta

Often, the use of droplets leads to bitterness in the mouth, and in addition to transient visual opacity immediately after the instillation. A bitter taste, most likely, arises from the penetration of the medicine into the nasopharynx. To reduce the likelihood of such a reaction, close eyelids should be tightly closed after the instillation procedure.

In addition, in the case of using the drug, there can also occur such negative manifestations:

• diseases that are of an infectious nature: sinusitis with nasopharyngitis, as well as pharyngitis;
• disorders affecting the ophthalmic system: eye pain or sensation of a foreign object, but in addition, ocular hyperemia, itching or dryness. There is also blepharitis, the appearance of discharge from the eyes, eye irritation, erosion in the cornea, point type keratitis and a defect on the epithelium of the eye cornea. In addition, there are swelling of the cornea or eyes and precipitates, the index of IOP increases, photosensitivity, diplopia, conjunctival hyperemia and pterygium develops. Vomiting, eye hypoesthesia, a significant increase in eye sensitivity, asthenopia and conjunctivitis can be noted. At the same time, flakes can form on the edges of the eyelids, keratopathy or keratitis may appear, the cornea may become stained, lacrimation may increase, and excavation in the area of the optic disc of the optic nerve may increase. There may be disorders in the area of the corneal epithelium, photopsy with meibomite, swelling or itching in the eyelid region, pigmentation affecting the sclera, subconjunctival cyst or dry keratoconjunctivitis;
• violations of the CAS function: irregular heart rate, angina or bradycardia, as well as CRDS;
• problems affecting the activity of the gastrointestinal tract: the appearance of nausea, swelling, oral dryness, discomfort in the abdominal area, gastric distress and esophagitis. In addition, vomiting, gastric discomfort, potentiation of intestinal peristalsis, pain in the upper abdominal region and paresthesia within the mouth may be noted;
• lesions of the epidermis: rashes, densification of the skin, hives, itching and alopecia;
• disorders of the circulatory function: an increase in blood values of chlorides or a decrease in erythrocyte counts;
• disturbances in the work of the central nervous system: the appearance of nightmares, feelings of drowsiness, depression or nervousness, the development of apathy, insomnia, amnesia, dizziness or headaches. There may also be a decrease in mood, a disorder of motor coordination, severe fatigue and anxiety, a feeling of irritability, a weakening of memory and the appearance of paresthesias;
• problems with auditory organs: ear noise;
• manifestations of the respiratory system: the appearance of dyspnea, nasal congestion, cough, pain in the larynx with a throat, nosebleeds or dryness. In addition, sneezing, rhinitis, irritation in the throat, and bronchial hyperactivity may occur;
• disorders of ODA: myalgia, spasm in the musculature and pain in the lower back;
• disorders of reproductive function: erectile dysfunction and weakening of libido;
• other symptoms: asthenia and pain in the sternum.

With the development of side effects it is required to stop the treatment course.

[15],

Overdose

With local use of drops, there is no overdose.

With oral use, such signs of poisoning can develop: electrolyte imbalance, acidosis, and in addition, disturbances in the work of the National Assembly.

In this case, it is planned to monitor the level of blood pH and electrolyte performance.

[18], [19]

Interactions with other drugs

It is forbidden to combine Azopt with oral medications that slow down the activity of carbonic anhydrase, because this increases the likelihood of developing negative symptoms. Large portions of salicylates also increase the risk of negative symptoms.

The medicine is allowed to be combined with other local ophthalmic preparations, but the interval between their applications should not be less than 10 minutes.

[20],

Storage conditions

Asopt is required to be kept in a place that is closed from infiltrating children. The temperature level is within the limits of 4-30 ° C.

Shelf life

Asopt can be used within 24 months from the moment of making drops. The opened bottle has a 1-month shelf life.

[21], [22]

Application for children

Since there is no data on the safety of the use of drops in children, do not assign them to this age category.

[23], [24]

Analogues

Analogues of the medicines are the means of Artelak, Dorzopt and Okulokhel with Betoptik and Xalatan, and also Xoneph.

[25], [26], [27], [28]

Reviews

Azopt generally receives good reviews from people who have used it, although many people recognize the presence of a large number of negative symptoms. Among the most common complaints - the development of headaches or dizziness, redness in the eye, pain in the heart and increased blood pressure. That is why it is required to use the drug with care, during the therapy constantly monitoring the patient's condition.