Drops from the fungus of nails - a means for local therapy of fungal infections

Medicines for external use are available in the form of ointments, creams, gels, lacquers; there are also drops from the fungus of the nails.

Names of drops:

The defeat of nail plates with pathogenic fungi-dermatophytes of the genus Trichophyton, candida fungi or mold blastomycetes causes the most widespread and extremely contagious disease - onychomycosis.

Treatment of this disease, like all mycoses, etiotropic, that is, is aimed at eliminating the cause of the pathology that has arisen. For this purpose, various antimycotics are used - antifungal agents of general and local action. 

[1], [2], [3]

Indications for use of a drop of nail fungus

Local therapy with a drop of nail fungus is widely used in fungal infections that affect the nails, penetrating through their free edge into the bed and root.

Indications for use of drops from the fungus of nails: the appearance of spots on the nail plates, changing their color; thickening and deformation of the nail due to the development of hyperkeratosis; atrophy of the affected part of the nail (the nail is exfoliated and crumbled); separation of the outer edge of the nail plate from the bed.

As already noted, the pathogens of onychomycosis are different, and the specific "culprit" of the emergence of this pathology can be detected only by a dermatologist or a mycologist - on the basis of a microbiological study of the particles of a sick nail. So with the problem that has arisen, you must always contact a specialist, since an attempt at self-treatment is often ineffective.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

The biochemical mechanism of action of antifungal drugs, that is, the pharmacodynamics of drops from the nail fungus, is expressed either in the form

Destruction of the structure of cells of pathogenic fungi (due to damage to their cell membranes), or as a blockade of intracellular biosynthesis and the process of cell multiplication.

In the first case, it is a fungicidal action, which leads to the death of cells of pathogenic fungi, in the second - about the action of fungistatic, that is, the delay in dividing the cells of the causative agent of the disease.

The above drops from the fungus of nails in its pharmacodynamics are simultaneously fungistatic and fungicidal means. Their active substances (in exoderil - naphthyfin hydrochloride, in bifonazole - imidazole, in cyclopyrox - hydroxypyridone) stop the production of ergosterol, the main hydrocarbon compound of the cell membrane of fungi. In turn, this causes an increase in the level of the hydrocarbon trans-isomer squalene in the cells of pathogenic fungi and disrupts the metabolism in them. As a result, the growth of cells of the pathogenic microflora ceases.

In addition, further accumulation of squalene captures the endoplasmic reticulum within the cytoplasm of fungal cells. The inevitable result is a complete loss of the viability of the causative agent of the disease.

Pharmacokinetics of drops from the fungus of nails is described taking into account the fact that these drugs are used externally. Their active ingredients in the infected nails penetrate the skin and create concentrations in the layers of the nail plates that are optimal for therapeutic treatment. At the same time, the content of certain drugs that enter the bloodstream and interstitial fluid does not exceed 4-6% of the total volume; they are transformed into metabolites, which are excreted from the body with bile and urine.

Drops exoderil from nail fungus

The antimycotic agent exoderil is available in several forms, one of which is the drop of exoderil from the fungus of the nails. 1% solution of this drug is active against dermatophytes, yeast and yeast-like fungi, as well as mold fungi of the genus Aspergillus.

Contraindications to the use of drops from the fungus nails exoderil include individual hypersensitivity to its components, as well as the presence of any skin damage in the area of application of the drug solution.

In some cases, side effects of drops from the fungus nails exoderil: burning, redness and dryness of the skin around the nail. But interrupt treatment is not recommended.

According to the official instruction, the way of application and dose look as follows. On the damaged part of the nail plate, as well as on adjacent skin areas, the solution of exoderil should be applied in a thin layer, gently rubbing. The procedure is carried out once a day. The duration of the course of nail fungus therapy is individual and depends on the rate of nail growth in a particular patient. Cases of overdose of this drug in the form of drops in clinical practice are not fixed.

Conditions for storing drops from the fungus of nails exoderil - dry, protected from direct sunlight, place; temperature - not above + 25 ° С.

Shelf life of the drug is 5 years.

Spray from nail fungus - terbinafine

Spray from the fungus nail terbinafine (synonyms - binaphin, lamil, lamikan, myconorm, etc.) are the medicines used in the treatment of nail fungus in the first place (that is, the drug of choice). In addition to fungus nail terbinafine is used in the treatment of dermatological diseases such as microsporia, trichophytosis, candidiasis and epidermophytia.

The form of release of this antifungal drug for external use is a cream and a solution of 20 ml in vials-droppers

Dosage and administration: before the treatment, remove the affected nail plate with special keratolytic agents, then apply the drops on the nail bed twice a day.

Varnish from nail fungus - cyclopyrox

The preparation cyclopyrox (synonyms - cyclopyrox olamine, batrafen, dapnejin) shows activity against such pathogens of nail fungus as Trichophyton rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum, Candida albicans, yeast-like and mold fungi. It is also effective in the defeat of certain strains of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.

This remedy is most effective in the early stages of the disease, when a third or half a nail of the nail plate is affected by the fungus (without damage to the nail root-matrix), and after oral administration of systemic antifungal drugs.

Dosing and Administration

It is recommended to increase the effectiveness of the drug before the start of the course of treatment to remove the injured nail as much as possible, and its remaining part to make it rough with the help of a nail file. Lako Cyclopyrox is applied 1 per day every other day for 1 month, then 2 times a week during the second month, once a week - during the next third month of treatment.

The maximum duration of the course of treatment is 6 months, although in the absence of positive results within a month after the application of a drop of nail fungus, an additional study should be carried out to clarify the initial diagnosis.

[8], [9], [10]

Drops from nail fungus - bifonazole

Drops from the foot fungus bifonazole (synonym - mycospores) are 1% solution in 15 ml bottles, which is recommended to apply to the nail bed, slightly rubbing the drug in the affected area. The solution is applied 1-2 times a day.

Indications for use of drops from the nail fungus bifonazole: microsporia, trichophytosis, rubrofitia, lichen pityriasis, candidiasis of nails and nail ridges, diaper rash between fingers and excessive sweating of the feet.

According to experienced dermatologists, with the defeat of the nail and the need to remove it, it is best to use not ointment bifonazole, but ointment. She should treat the diseased area, and then apply a bandage and bandage on top of it for a day. Every time before applying the next dose of the drug, the fingers should be kept for several minutes with warm water and carefully remove the parts of the softened nail attached to the ointment with a scraper. This should be done until the entire softened portion of the nail is removed. Usually this process takes 1-2 weeks

Experience of clinical practice shows that to increase the effectiveness of treatment of nail fungi and reduce its time, it is advisable to combine drops from the fungus of nails with ingestion of antifungal tablets prescribed by a dermatologist.

[11],

Contraindications to the use of drops from nail fungus

All medicines for external use against onychomycosis without exception have the same contraindications, which are reduced to three positions: individual intolerance or hypersensitivity to the components of the drugs; for women - the period of pregnancy and lactation; children's age - up to 10 years.

As indicated in the instructions, although with local application, these medications have neither teratogenic nor embryotoxic effects, their purpose during childbearing and breastfeeding should be justified by the fact that the expected benefit for the mother will be higher than the potential risks to the fetus and the baby. And the use of drops from nail fungus during pregnancy is possible only under the supervision of a doctor.

Side effects of drops from the fungus of the nails are manifested in the form of short-term itching and burning sensation, as well as possible redness or flaking of the skin in the area of the processed nails.

Interactions of drops from the fungus of nails with other drugs are expressed in the fact that their therapeutic effect increases with the complex treatment of this pathology with the use of systemic antimycotics in tablets (ketoconazole, orungala, diflucane, etc.).

The form of release in the form of drops (or solutions), according to physicians, is quite practical for local treatment. However, in most cases, drops from the nail fungus are only helped at the initial stages of the disease or with insignificant lesions.

The main names of the drop from the nail fungus, which are most effective in treating mycoses of this localization and are usually prescribed by doctors: cyclopyrox, bifonazole, exoderil.

[4], [5], [6], [7]