Drops from the common cold for children

The most effective and least painful method of combating the common cold is the instillation of the nose. Drops from the common cold for children differ in their composition from those used by adults. Or softer for the nasal mucosa, do not bake, but, nevertheless, effectively fight the disease.

Health is very important for everyone, and even more so for the health of young children. And during the change of season, in particular, there are chances of getting sick, or pick up some virus, catch a cold and get a cold in the "gift".

So, the runny nose can be picked up anywhere: walking on the street with a child, in transport, at home, at school or in a kindergarten. And the child does not need to have a weak immune system, just wet his legs, or have overcooled and, now - meet a cold. And children and even more can take it, because their immune system is much weaker than in adults.

There are various companies and manufacturers of children's drops from the common cold, these are:

• Vibrocil for children.
• Otrivin.
• Halazolin.
• Polidexa is a spray for the nose.
• Pinosol.
• Aquamaris.
• Alergodil.
• Grippostadryno.
• Fornos.
• Etc.

[1], [2]

Indications for use of a drop from the common cold for children

Parents protect their children in every way and sincerely wish them only good and health. It is important to remember that even the best alternative means to cure a runny nose, without applying drops in the nose, fails. Drops effectively and quickly improve the well-being and general condition of the child.

Below are a few options, when you can not do without drops in your nose:

• ARVI, which is accompanied by rhinitis.
• If the child is extremely difficult to breathe through the nose and breathing through the mouth is also difficult.
• Allergic rhinitis in acute form.
• Pollinosis.
• Sinusitis.
• When a complication in the ear begins with a prolonged rhinitis, it hurts, in which case the cause is most likely hidden in the fact that the eustachian tube between the ear and nose was clogged with thickened mucus. In this case, if promptly triggered and begin treatment with vasoconstrictive drops, then there is the possibility of avoiding complicated ear disease like otitis media.
• Observation of high body temperature, which is above 38 degrees.
• Breathing through the nose is absolutely absent. The danger is that during the night the baby even more mucus is dried in the nasal passages, provided that it breathes through the nose, and mucus freezes in the airways, which can serve as the development of bronchitis, and in the future - pneumonia.
• To carry out surgical manipulations or to diagnose the nasopharynx, vasoconstrictive drugs are used.
• Perhaps not only instillation of the nose with drops, but also use drops for inhalation, using them as the basis of the solution. They are effective because they make it possible to alleviate the condition of the child with such diseases as: bronchial asthma, chronic tonsillitis and other diseases of the respiratory tract.

Form of issue

• Grippostadryno

Nasal drops for children 0.05%, clear mostly colorless, are slightly colored, have no odor.

Xylometazoline hydrochloride is the main substance of the drops.

• Otrivin

Form of application: nasal drops for children 0.05%, clear liquid, odorless.

Xylometazoline hydrochloride is the main component of the drops.

• Vibrocil

Drops for children, the form of a spray and gel. The main component of dimethindene droplets (has anti-alergic effect) and phenylephrine (vasoconstrictor effect)

• Transnon

Nasal drops 0.05% and nasal spray 0.1% for children in the form of a clear, odorless, colorless solution.

Xylometazoline hydrochloride is the main component.

• Halazolin

Drops of nasal application 0.05% solution of a colorless transparent liquid.

Sodium chloride is the main substance.

And nasal drops of 0.1% also a colorless transparent liquid, mainly in the composition of xylometazoline hydrochloride.

Gel for nasal application 0.05% almost colorless transparent thick liquid.

Also gel nasal 0.1% colorless and slightly opalescent thick liquid.

• Polidexa - spray for the nose

Spray nasal, having the appearance of a transparent colorless liquid. Especially in isostepephenylephrine hydrochloride, neomycin sulfate and dexamethasone methanesulfobenzoate sodium.

• Pinosol

Nasal drops transparent, sometimes blue-green liquid, have menthol-eucalyptus odor.

• Aquamaris

Dosage nasal spray with a spraying device, 30 ml each, which is enough for 200 doses.

[3], [4], [5]

Pharmacodynamics

Drops from a cold for children are the most various, differ efficiency and a way of influence on an organism. To make the right choice of drops for the child, one must take into account the type of the common cold and the causes of its appearance, the duration of the disease and the auxiliary symptoms.

Among the drops for the common cold, there are drops of this spectrum of action:

• Moisturizing drops. The use of this kind of treatment is aimed at sufficient moisturizing of the mucous membrane, in order to prevent overdrying, in most cases they are used as preventive measures.
• Vasculature. Such drops on the mucous membrane have vasoconstrictive effect and are used in cases of severe course of the disease caused by nasal congestion and difficult breathing. Since in this case, the child's sleep becomes more complicated, the appetite is disturbed, and they lose weight rapidly.
• Antibacterial agents. These are prescribed in the case of a bacterial cold. Protect and kill the unhealthy microflora of the nasopharynx.
• Anti-inflammatory drops. They are used to relieve inflammatory processes in the nasal passages of the child.
• Antiviral. This type of drugs are effective only at the initial stage of the disease.
• Antiallergenic. These medicines help to protect against allergic reactions, in particular, from allergic rhinitis.

With regard to vasoconstrictor drugs, their effect lasts about 10 - 12 hours.

Antiviral and anti-inflammatory drops last about 4-8 hours, depending on the concentrate of the drug.

Pharmacokinetics

With correct and dosed use of drugs, there are no reflections on the effects of the kidneys, liver, or heart. They do not affect these organs when administered internally.

Most topical preparations are not actually absorbed and do not have a suction effect, the concentrations of the preparations are small enough that it does not allow to determine their presence with the help of modern methods of analysis.

But some are metabolized in the liver by oxidation. This action drugs are excreted by the kidneys quickly enough, within 20 hours after use. Derived in the state of inactive metabolites.

Dosing and Administration

It should be understood that the use of nasal drops is not always necessary, despite the fact that your child's breathing is difficult. In particular, this applies to newborn babies, for them, nasal congestion after birth and for some time the most natural process. Because it is not a viral or bacterial rhinitis, and after being in the womb, the spout tries to self-clean and needs timely special hygienic care. Also before taking the drug, you need to clean the nasal passages with saline solution, which is very effective. As for the doses, they are different for everyone, for the child it is from two to five drops of nasal spray. Burying requires both nostrils observing the interval in a few minutes.

For one-year-old children and children less than a year, follow these instructions:

• Put the baby on the bed.
• Raise the head, but do not overturn it.
• Burying the right nostril head slightly to the left, and digging in the left, respectively, to the right.
• At the end of the instillation process, press the wings of the nose slightly and move the child to a sitting position, slightly tilting the head forward.

[10], [11], [12]

Contraindications for use

According to the instructions, the use of some drops is not recommended if there are such factors as:

• Atrophic rhinitis.
• Arterial hypertension.
• Closed-angle glaucoma.
• Diabetes.
• Congenital tachycardia and many heart diseases.
• Severe atherosclerosis.
• Hyperteriosis.
• Hyperchidity of the child.
• Pheochromocytoma.
• Allergic reactions to some components of the drug (this can have a negative impact on the general condition of the child).

If there is any reaction to drug use (sneezing, dry mucous membrane, drying of the nasopharynx, burning sensation), the drug should be discontinued. For further treatment of the common cold in the child and the choice of a suitable preparation, it is recommended to consult a pediatrician. Treatment of the common cold with alternative means can only aggravate the child's condition.

[6], [7], [8], [9]

Side effects

The use of the drug for a long period leads to a weakening of its direct effect. May lead to vasodilation, chemical damage to the nasal mucosa, atrophy of the nasopharyngeal mucosa. Also, such can include swelling of the mucous membranes, sneezing, burning sensation or dryness, excessive nasal congestion. It is important to remember that every child is special and the reaction of its body is individual. While one may have absolutely all the symptoms, the other does not have any of them. It is very important to be extremely careful when using vasoconstrictive drops, one of the serious consequences is spasms. Undoubtedly, there are drugs that do not cause side effects and unpleasant sensations, for this reason it is they who are appointed by the majority of specialist doctors.

One of the main warnings: if you follow the recommendations of your doctor in treatment, then all side effects will be extremely minimal. Also follow the instructions. And in any case, do not self-medicate, it can be fraught for your child.

Overdose

In those cases where a large dose has been taken, it is possible that the preparation is swallowed, which entails an absorbing and sucking action of the substance from the digestive tract. With local overdose, it is possible to develop tachycardia, increase normal blood pressure, headache, nausea and vomiting.

But with the right application of the drug overdose is impossible, because using local application, the drug is absolutely harmless to the body as a whole and acts on the mucous membrane, and hence the disease.

Interactions with other drugs

Taking the drug along with MAO inhibitors (monoamine oxidase) and tricyclic antidepressants is impossible, since their components are incompatible. MAO inhibitors - antidepressants used and often prescribed for prolonged depression, alcohol dependence, neurotic damage, in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. MAO inhibitors include:

• Bethol.
• Pirlindol.
• Metralindole.
• Beta carbolines.
• Nialamide.
• Fenelzin.
• And others.

Storage conditions

Preparations of this spectrum of action should be stored in an unacceptable place for children, undesirable exposure to direct sunlight, and a temperature not exceeding 30 degrees Celsius. It is recommended to store the bottle with drops in the carton from the manufacturer, or (in the absence of a production package), in a special medicine cabinet or just in a dark place. Before each use, you should look at the expiration date and do not apply the drug after its expiration.

Shelf life

The shelf life of nasal drops varies depending on their constituents. In a larger number of cases this is from one year to 36 months, but no more. After the expiry date, the drugs lose their direct abilities and can become even a negative factor in the treatment and significantly harm the child. It is necessary to monitor the expiration date of the preparations so as not to harm yourself and your relatives. In case of improper storage, damage to the bottle, which give access to the air inside, the shelf life is significantly reduced or the drug becomes completely unsuitable for use. After the expiration date or the violation of the package (bottle), drops from the common cold for children should be disposed of.