Diseases of the nervous system (neurology)

Vascular dementia

In the US, vascular dementia ranks second in prevalence after Alzheimer's disease. In some other regions of the world, where the incidence of stroke is very high, vascular dementia is ahead of the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease

Dementia in Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment

To date, the FDA has approved the use of four inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase-tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine for mild and moderate Alzheimer's disease, with severe dementia, an antagonist of the NMDA subtype of glutamate memantine receptors.

Dementia in Alzheimer's Disease: Diagnosis

Clinical diagnosis of a possible Alzheimer's disease can be established if: there is a dementia syndrome in the absence of other neurological, psychiatric or systemic diseases capable of causing dementia, but with atypical origin, clinical manifestations or course; the presence of a second systemic or neurologic disease that can cause dementia, but can not be considered a cause of dementia in this case;

Dementia in Alzheimer's: What's Happening?

Macroscopic changes in Alzheimer's disease include diffuse brain atrophy with a decrease in the volume of convolutions and widening of the furrows. With pathohistological examination, patients with Alzheimer's disease are diagnosed with senile plaques, neurofibrillary glomeruli and a decrease in the number of neurons.

Dementia in Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia in the western hemisphere, accounting for more than 50% of its cases. The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease increases with age. In women, the disease is more common than in men.

Dementia: general information

This article presents diseases most often causing dementia - Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, HIV-encephalopathy (AIDS dementia) and dementia with Leah bodies. Together, they account for more than 80% of cases of dementia.

Amphetamines: amphetamine addiction

Amphetamines increase dopaminergic activity, primarily due to stimulation of presynaptic release of dopamine, and not as a result of the blockade of its re-uptake, like cocaine. In some regions of the United States, methamphetamine is most often abused, injected intravenously or by inhalation. It causes a dependence that manifests itself in the same way as cocaine dependence.

Caffeine. Caffeine dependence

Caffeine, which has a mild psycho-stimulating effect, is a psychoactive substance that is most widely used in the world. It is present in soft drinks, coffee, tea, cocoa, chocolate and a number of prescription or non-prescription medicines. Caffeine is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and quickly distributed throughout the tissues

Hallucinogens

Distortions of perception, such as hallucinations or illusions, as well as thinking disorders (for example, paranoia) can be caused by many drugs if they are taken in toxic doses. Distortions of perception and hallucinations can also occur during the period of the withdrawal syndrome when you stop using sedatives (for example, alcohol or barbiturates).

Heroin: heroin addiction, symptoms, overdose and treatment

After intravenous injection of a solution of heroin, many sensations arise, for example, a sensation of spilling heat, euphoria, extraordinary pleasure ("rash", or "arrival"), which is compared to sexual orgasm. There are some differences between opioids in terms of the nature of their acute effect: morphine causes a more pronounced histamine-releasing effect, and meperidine is a stronger stimulus.

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