Diseases of the liver and biliary tract

Ischemic hepatitis: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Ischemic hepatitis (acute liver infarction, hypoxic hepatitis, shock liver) is a diffuse lesion of the liver as a result of generalized liver ischemia of any etiology.

Fulpminant hepatitis: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Fulminant hepatitis is a rare syndrome of massive necrosis of the liver parenchyma with a reduction in its size (acute yellow atrophy), which usually occurs with viral hepatitis or when exposed to toxic substances or medications.

Tuberculosis and liver disease

Disturbances in liver function and structure in patients with tuberculosis can be a consequence of the effect of tuberculosis intoxication, hypoxemia, antituberculous drugs, concomitant diseases, tuberculosis lesion of the hepatobiliary system.

Barrett's esophagus in children

The problem of Barrett's esophagus attracts the attention of clinicians around the world for half a century. This topic has been studied in sufficient detail and is described in no less detail in the "adult" literature.

Structures after liver transplantation

Complications from the biliary tract after liver transplantation develop in 10-20% of cases. These include strictures, the flow of bile, fistula and cholangitis. Strictures of anastomoses due to technical errors, inflammation due to bile flow and fibrosis, and strictures that are not associated with anastomoses, which form above the anastomosis in the direction of the gates of the liver, caused in some cases by ischemia of the ducts can be observed.

Gallbladder carcinoma

This tumor is rare. In 75% of cases it is combined with gallstones, in many cases - with cholecystitis. There are no convincing signs of an etiological relationship between these diseases. Any reason for the formation of gallstones predisposes to the development of a tumor.

Cholangiocarcinoma

Cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct carcinoma) is diagnosed more often. In part, this can be explained by the introduction of modern diagnostic methods, including new imaging techniques and cholangiography. They allow to establish more precisely the localization and prevalence of the tumor process.

Contraindications to liver transplantation

Diseases of the heart and lungs in the stage of decompensation, active infection, metastasizing malignant tumor, AIDS and severe brain damage are absolute contraindications to liver transplantation.

Selection of patients for liver transplantation

Liver transplantation is indicated for patients with irreversible, progressive liver damage, when there are no alternative methods of treatment. The patient and his relatives should be aware of the complexity of the operation and be prepared for possible severe complications of the early postoperative period and for lifelong immunosuppressive therapy.

Liver transplantation

In 1955, Welch performed the first liver transplantation in dogs. In 1963, a group of researchers led by Starzla carried out the first successful liver transplantation in humans.

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