Diseases of the liver and biliary tract

Fibrolamellar carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, hepatoblastoma and angiosarcoma are rare. To confirm the diagnosis, usually a biopsy is required. The prognosis is usually unfavorable.

Benign liver tumors occur quite often. As a rule, they are asymptomatic, but in some cases they cause hepatomegaly, discomfort in the right upper quadrant or abdominal hemorrhage.

Thrombosis of the portal vein leads to portal hypertension and subsequently to gastrointestinal bleeding. Diagnosis is based on ultrasound. The treatment is mainly directed to the control and prevention of gastrointestinal bleeding (usually endoscopy or intravenous octreotide), sometimes vascular bypass or b-blockers; with acute thrombosis, thrombolysis is possible.

Badda-Chiari syndrome is an occlusion with a violation of venous outflow from the hepatic veins, which can be localized at the level from the right atrium to small branches of the hepatic veins.