Diseases of the genitourinary system

What causes pyelonephritis?

The most common causes of pyelonephritis are representatives of the Entembacteriaceae family (Gram-negative rods), of which Escherichia coli accounts for about 80% (in acute uncomplicated flow), less often as a causative agent are Proteus spp., Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Citrobacter spp.

Pyelonephritis: an overview of information

Pyelonephritis is an infectious-inflammatory disease of the kidneys with a predominant lesion of the cup-and-pelvic system, tubulointerstitial tissue and often with the involvement of the glomerular apparatus.

Medullary spongy kidney

Medullary spongy kidney belongs to the group of so-called cystic kidney diseases; it is characterized by ectasia and the formation of cysts in segments of collecting tubules localized inside the renal pyramids and papillae.

Endemic Balkan Nephropathy

Endemic Balkan nephropathy is a chronic non-inflammatory lesion of renal tubulointerstitium. This disease is observed only in the Danube river basin on the territory of Serbia, Romania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Bulgaria.

Renal damage in metabolic diseases

With a persistent increase in serum calcium concentration, it is deposited in the kidney tissue. The main target of calcium is the structure of the medulla of the kidneys. In tubulointerstitutions, atrophic changes, fibrosis and focal infiltrates, consisting mainly of mononuclear cells, are observed. Hypercalcemia is caused by various causes.

Chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis: diagnosis

When analgesic nephropathy is still at the preclinical stage, in most patients, when performing Zimnitsky's trial, a depression of the relative density of urine is detected.

Chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis: symptoms

The extrarenal symptoms of chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis (analgesic nephropathy), including the drug allergic triad, are not characteristic of NSAIDs.

What causes chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis?

Chronic drug tubulointerstitial nephritis, unlike many other variants of chronic nephropathy, is potentially preventable. Most of his cases are associated with long-term intake of NSAIDs and non-narcotic analgesics; to refer to them use the term analgesic nephropathy.

Chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis

Chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis is caused by various causes, of which the greatest importance is given to drugs and metabolic disorders. Like acute tubulointerstitial nephritis, chronic nephritis is much more frequent in elderly and senile patients.

Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis

Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis is characterized by pronounced inflammatory changes in the structures of renal interstitium with infiltration predominantly by lymphocytes (up to 80% of all cells) and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and granulomas are less often found.

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