Treatment of kidney damage in infectious endocarditis depends on the features of the pathogen, localization and severity of valvular lesions, the presence of systemic manifestations of the disease (with the development of glomerulonephritis - from the state of kidney function).
The main significance for the diagnosis of kidney damage in infectious endocarditis is Echocardiography, in which vegetation on the heart valves is detected. In case of doubtful results of transthoracic echocardiogram (sensitivity of the method in terms of vegetation diagnosis is 65%), transesophageal echocardiography (sensitivity is 85-90%) should be performed.
Symptoms of infective endocarditis are caused by a combination of symptoms of infectious damage to the heart valves, thromboembolism from vegetation, bacteremia with metastatic foci in various organs and immunopathological processes.
Infective endocarditis can cause various microorganisms, including fungi, rickettsia and chlamydia. However, bacteria are the causative agent first. The most frequent pathogens of infectious endocarditis are streptococci (50%) and staphylococci (35%).
Infectious endocarditis is an inflammatory lesion of the heart valves and the parietal endocardium of infectious etiology, occurring most often as a type of sepsis (acute or subacute) and accompanied by bacteremia, destruction of valves, embolic and immune (systemic) manifestations and complications.
At the present stage, there is no specific treatment for polycystic kidney disease. In recent years (early 2000), attempts have been made to develop a pathogenetic approach to treatment, which considers this pathology from the standpoint of the neoplastic process.
The diagnosis of polycystic kidneys in adults is based on a typical clinical picture of the disease and the detection of changes in urine, hypertension, renal failure in persons with hereditary heredity for kidney disease.
The symptoms of polycystic kidney are divided into renal and extrarenal. The first symptoms of polycystic kidneys usually develop at the age of about 40 years, but the onset of the disease can be as much earlier (up to 8 years) and later (after 70 years). The most frequent clinical signs of polycystic kidney disease are pain in the abdominal cavity (or back) and hematuria.
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease of adults, or, as it is often called, polycystosis of the kidneys of adults, is a hereditary kidney disease characterized by the presence of multiple cysts in both kidneys.
Autosomal recessive polycystic disease, also known as polycystic kidney disease in children, is a hereditary disease of newborns or young children characterized by the development of multiple cysts in both kidneys and periportal fibrosis.
