Diseases of the genitourinary system

Chronic renal failure: symptoms

The first signs of chronic renal failure are often its nonspecific "masks": anemic, hypertonic, asthenic, gouty, osteopathic, as well as complications caused by a decrease in renal elimination of drugs, for example, the increase in hypoglycemic states with stable diabetes on a selected dosage of insulin.

Chronic renal failure: causes and pathogenesis

The main causes of chronic renal failure are endocrine and vascular diseases. The percentage of patients with diabetic nephropathy, atherosclerotic and hypertensive nephroangiosclerosis is constantly growing among all patients on chronic dialysis.

Chronic Renal Failure

Chronic renal failure (chronic uraemia, pimple of the kidney) is a symptom complex due to the progressive sclerosing of the renal parenchyma with the death of nephrons due to primary or secondary chronic kidney disease.

Kidney Tuberculosis - Treatment

Treatment of kidney tuberculosis should be individual and include the use of specific anti-tuberculosis drugs. They are divided into main (first row) and reserve.

Kidney Tuberculosis - Symptoms and Diagnosis

Symptoms of kidney tuberculosis, unfortunately, are few and not very specific. In the parenchymal stage, when inflammatory foci are only present in the tissue of the organ, clinical manifestations can be minimal, meager: mild malaise, rarely subfebrile temperature.

Kidney tuberculosis: causes and pathogenesis

The main source of infection is a patient that secretes mycobacteria into the environment. The main path of penetration of the pathogen into the kidney is hematogenous. This happens, as a rule, at the stage of formation of the pulmonary focus, when the "non-sterile" immunity to the causative agent does not function properly.

Kidney tuberculosis

Tuberculosis of the kidney is the 1 st place among extrapulmonary organ forms of tuberculosis, observed in 30-40% of cases of primary pulmonary lesions. Tuberculosis of the kidneys, urinary tract and genitals is called urogenital.

Tumors of the cup and pelvis system

Tumors of the cup-and-pelvic system develop from urothelium and in the overwhelming majority are cancer of varying degrees of malignancy; they occur 10 times less often than tumors of the renal parenchyma.

Renal cell carcinoma

Among malignant tumors of the renal parenchyma the overwhelming majority (85-90%) is the renal cell carcinoma, which develops from the tubular epithelium.

Nephropathy of pregnant women

Nephropathy of pregnant women is a complication of the second half of pregnancy, manifested by arterial hypertension, proteinuria, often in combination with edema, which can have a progressive nature with the development of critical conditions in the mother and fetus (eclampsia, HELLP syndrome, DVS syndrome, intrauterine growth retardation and fetal death) .

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