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Diseases of the genitourinary system

Polycystic kidney disease in children

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease, also known as childhood polycystic kidney disease, is an inherited disorder of newborns or young children characterized by the development of multiple cysts in both kidneys and periportal fibrosis.

Cystic kidney disease

The term "cystic kidney disease" unites a group of kidney diseases of various etiologies, the defining feature of which is the presence of cysts in the kidneys.

Kidneys and alcohol (alcoholic nephropathy)

Alcoholic nephropathy is associated with the effect of chronic alcohol on the immune system both due to the direct membrane-toxic effect with an impact on the production of cytokines, and due to the disruption of immune regulation in the central nervous system and liver.

Renal artery stenosis - Diagnosis

Diagnosis of renal artery stenosis requires a targeted search for atherosclerotic stenosis and depends on the characteristics of arterial hypertension, chronic renal failure, and signs of widespread atherosclerosis.

Renal artery stenosis - Causes and pathogenesis

The cause of renal artery stenosis is described by the concept of risk factors, which is generally accepted for other clinical variants of atherosclerosis. It is generally accepted that atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis is formed by a combination of several cardiovascular risk factors and their severity - "aggressiveness".

Atherosclerotic stenosis of the renal artery

Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ischemic kidney disease, atherosclerotic renovascular hypertension) is a chronic kidney disease that manifests itself with signs of global renal hypoperfusion: decreased SCF, arterial hypertension, and increasing nephrosclerosis caused by hemodynamically significant narrowing of the main renal arteries by atherosclerotic plaques.

Prevention of pyelonephritis

In case of frequent exacerbations of pyelonephritis (more than two within 6 months), prevention of pyelonephritis consists of prescribing monthly prophylactic courses (1-2 weeks) of antibacterial agents, however, reliable data indicating the advisability of such courses have not been obtained at present.

Antibiotics for pyelonephritis

Antibiotics used to treat pyelonephritis must have high bactericidal properties, a broad spectrum of action, minimal nephrotoxicity and be excreted in urine in high concentrations.

Treatment of pyelonephritis

Treatment of pyelonephritis should be comprehensive, long-term, individual, aimed at eliminating the cause in each specific case.

Diagnosis of pyelonephritis

During examination, signs of dehydration and a dry, coated tongue are usually noticeable. Abdominal distension, forced flexion and adduction of the leg to the body on the affected side are possible.

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