Diseases of children (pediatrics)

Metabolic nephropathy (hyperuricemia): causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

In the pathogenesis of hyperuricemia it is important to determine its type: metabolic, renal or mixed. Metabolic type suggests an increased synthesis of uric acid, a high level of uricosuria with normal or elevated uric acid clearance.

Exchange Nephropathies (oxaluria)

Exchange, or dismetabolic, nephropathies in a broad sense - diseases associated with severe violations of water-salt metabolism and other types of metabolism of the whole organism. Dysmetabolic nephropathy in the narrow sense is a polygenically inherited pathology of oxalic acid metabolism and is manifested in conditions of familial instability of cell membranes.

Hereditary and metabolic nephropathy in children: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Congenital malformations of the kidneys and urinary tract account for up to 30% of the total number of congenital anomalies in the population. Hereditary nephropathies and renal dysplasia are complicated by chronic renal failure already in childhood and constitute approximately 10% of all cases of terminal chronic insufficiency in children and young adults.

Chronic interstitial nephritis

Chronic interstitial nephritis is a polyethological disease, the main manifestation of which is the abacterial nondestructive inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the medullary layer of the kidneys involving the tubules, blood and lymph vessels of the renal stroma.

Acute interstitial nephritis

Acute interstitial nephritis is an abacterial nonspecific inflammation in the interstitial tissue of the kidneys with secondary involvement of the tubules, blood and lymph vessels of the renal stroma in the process.

Hereditary nephritis (Alport syndrome) in children

Hereditary nephritis (Alport syndrome) is a genetically determined nonimmune glomerulopathy, occurring with hematuria, a progressive decrease in renal function.

IgA-nephropathy (Berger's disease)

IgA-nephropathy (Berger's disease) was described for the first time in 1968 as glomerulonephritis, which occurs as a recurrence of hematuria. Currently, IgA-nephropathy occupies one of the first places among adult patients with chronic glomerulonephritis, who are on hemodialysis.

Lipoid nephrosis

Lipoid nephrosis is a disease of young children (mostly 2-4 years), more often boys. Lipoid nephrosis is a kidney disease, in which only minimal changes are morphologically. WHO experts define lipid nephrosis as minimal changes in the "small podcitis process", which undergo dysplastic changes, the membrane and mesangium react for a second time.

Nephrotic syndrome in children

Nephrotic syndrome is a symptomatic complex, including pronounced proteinuria (more than 3 g / L), hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia and disproteinemia, marked and common edema (peripheral, cavitary, anasarca), hyperlipidemia and lipiduria.

Functional disorders of the urinary system in children

Functional disorders of the urinary system are found in children with a frequency of 10% in the general population. Among patients at nephrourological hospitals, functional disorders, such as those weighing the main diagnosis, or as an independent disease, are diagnosed in 50% of children and more.

Health