Diseases of children (pediatrics)

Bladder and ureter reflux in children

Bladder and ureter reflux is a pathological condition characterized by the return of urine from the bladder to the upper parts of the urinary system due to a violation of the valve mechanism of the uretero-vesicle segment.

Enuresis in children

Enuresis - involuntary emptying of the bladder at an undesirable moment or in an unsuitable place. Enuresis is considered pathological in children older than three years of age and ranges from 6 to 15%, depending on the population.

Neurogenic bladder in children

Neurogenic bladder (NDMP, neurogenic dysfunction of the bladder, detrusor-sphincter dissynergy) - a variety of violations of reservoir and evacuation functions of the bladder, as a result of a violation of the regulation of urination at various levels (cortical, spinal peripheral).

Fabry's disease

Fabry disease is a hereditary sphingolipidosis caused by a deficiency of a-galactosidase A (ceramidase), which leads to a violation of the cleavage of a-galactosyl from the ceramide molecule. The disease is transmitted recessively, linked to the X-chromosome, with localization of the defect Xq22. There were no ethnic peculiarities of the disease.

Wilms tumor

Wilms tumor (fetal nephroma, adenosarcoma, nephroblastoma) is a malignant tumor that develops from a pluripotent renal bookmark - a metanephrogenic blastema.

Kidney dysplasia

Renal dysplasia is a heterogeneous group of diseases associated with impaired development of renal tissue. Morphologically, dysplasia is based on impaired differentiation of the nephrogenic blastema and branches of the ureteric sprout, with the presence of embryonic structures in the form of foci of undifferentiated mesenchyme, as well as primitive ducts and tubules.

Urolithiasis in children

"Urolithiasis" ("nephrolithiasis", "urolithiasis" and "nephrolithiasis") are terms that determine the clinical syndrome of the formation and movement of stones in the urinary system.

Chronic kidney failure in children

Chronic renal failure is a nonspecific syndrome developing with an irreversible decrease in the homeostatic functions of the kidneys due to their severe progressive disease.

How is acute renal failure treated?

Therapeutic measures in oliguria should begin with the introduction of a catheter to detect obstruction of the lower urinary tract, reflux diagnosis, collection of urine for analysis and monitoring of urine. In the absence of intrarenal obstruction and congenital heart disease as the cause of oliguria, it is necessary to suspect prerenal acute renal failure and begin the introduction of fluid.

Acute renal failure in children

Acute renal failure is a nonspecific syndrome of various etiologies that develops in connection with a sudden shutdown of the homeostatic functions of the kidneys, which is based on hypoxia of the renal tissue, followed by the primary damage to the tubules and the development of interstitial edema. The syndrome manifests itself as increasing azotemia, electrolyte imbalance, decompensated acidosis and impaired ability to release water.

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