Cystitis after sex

Inflammation of the urinary tract in medicine is called cystitis. In women, the disease occurs more often, especially after sexual contact. The main symptoms of the disease are frequent urination and severe pain, all this leaves an imprint on all spheres of a woman's life. Cystitis after sex is different from the usual inflammation of the urinary tract. Symptoms of the disease can appear in the very near future after sex, as a result, a woman can not lead a full-fledged sex life, experiencing discomfort and severe pain.

[1], [2], [3]

Causes of the cystitis after sex

The main cause of inflammation after sexual contact is a bacterial infection - pathogenic microorganisms from a man enter the female bladder.

Inflammation of the urinary tract after sexual intimacy can occur for several reasons, mainly it should be noted anomalies of physiological development. The urethral opening in some women is located close to the exit from the vagina and the bacteria easily penetrate into the bladder. Another cause of cystitis may be non-compliance with personal hygiene, both by women and men. Dirt and bacteria from the hands or genitals can get into the genitourinary system and provoke inflammation. In addition, the cause of the disease can be a combination in one sexual act of anal and vaginal sex. Among the bacteria that cause cystitis, there is an E. Coli which, when ingested in the genitourinary system, can cause extremely unpleasant consequences.

Cystitis after sex can develop and because of sexually transmitted diseases, gross sex, lack of natural lubrication. Any damage to the mucosa leads to excessive reproduction of pathogenic microflora and inflammatory processes.

[4]

Pathogenesis

Pathogenic microorganisms enter the bladder through the urinary canal, a similar pathway of infection is also called a urethral or ascending one.

Cystitis after sex occurs primarily by ingestion of bacteria, but the beginning of inflammatory processes require a kind of "push", in other words, the disease develops, if there is a predisposing factors, such as reduced immunity, impaired bladder emptying.

[5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]

Symptoms of the cystitis after sex

Cystitis after sex has several differences from acute cystitis. First of all, the symptoms of the disease occur from the first few hours after sexual contact (usually the first day).

There are severe pain during urination, after the process of emptying, there is a feeling of a full bladder, a feeling of cuts in the lower abdomen, in the urine there may be impurities of blood, possibly a rise in temperature.

Some symptoms may be less pronounced or not manifest at all.

Cystitis in women after sex

Women are more likely to suffer from inflammatory processes of the urinary tract, since the structure of female genitourinary organs is very different from that of men. The urinary canal in women is broader and shorter and microbes are easier to penetrate inside. Disease-causing bacteria multiply in the bladder and cause inflammation.

Cystitis after sex in women is a common problem, so women with this problem need to know what provokes inflammation after intimate affinity and what are the prevention measures.

[11], [12]

Cystitis in men after sex 

Such a disease as cystitis after sex has an ascending pathway of infection, i.e. Infection on the urethra penetrates into the bladder, where the multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms occurs. In men, this route of infection is almost never found, but the principle of treatment and prevention of the disease are the same as in women.

[13]

Cystitis after unprotected sex

Cystitis after sex usually occurs in women predisposed to the disease (less often men), most often this provokes an abnormally moving urethra. During intimate proximity, the opening of the urethra occurs, into which the male member is pushed by bacteria from the vagina, which leads to inflammation.

First signs

The first signs of postcoital cystitis are the strong urge to urinate, usually occurring abruptly. Symptoms can appear either immediately after sex or in 1-2 days after intimate affinity.

Cystitis after sex is manifested by a feeling of constant filling of the bladder, frequent urge to urinate, which is accompanied by pain, burning, cuts. Often the body temperature rises, pain and discomfort appear in the lower abdomen.

[14], [15]

Complications and consequences

If you ignore the first signs of the disease, the disease can go into a heavier form, which is harder to treat. Infection from the bladder can penetrate into other organs and provoke an inflammatory disease of the kidneys. In addition, if the cystitis after sex occurs every time, a woman eventually lost sexual desire, and this, in turn, leads to uncertainty, nervous tension in a woman, disagreements between partners, etc.

Recently, self-treatment is widespread and women who already know their problem can take a course of antibiotics right after intercourse, but regular reception of such drugs can cause other, more serious problems (in particular, inappropriate reception leads to antibacterial resistance, i.e. Drugs are powerless in the fight against pathogenic microorganisms).

In addition, treatment with antibiotics is contraindicated in pregnancy, and cystitis in this situation provoke spontaneous abortion, premature birth, stopping the development of the fetus. All experts agree that cystitis requires professional and complete treatment, otherwise it is possible not only physical problems, but also psychological ones.

[16], [17], [18]

Complications

Cystitis after sex is dangerous for its complications, like any other inflammation. The most severe can be called the transition of the inflammatory process to the kidneys, and in the urine may appear impurities of blood. In addition, the woman's psyche may suffer - before the sexual act fear arises, the woman refuses intimacy due to fear of acute symptoms (pain, temperature, burning, etc.).

[19]

Diagnostics of the cystitis after sex

To confirm the diagnosis, postcoital cystitis is assigned a general blood and urine test, BAC-urine culture, vaginal smear examination, ultrasound, endoscopy, and a gynecologist's consultation that can reveal an abnormal structure of the genital organs.

[20], [21], [22]

Analyzes

If the doctor makes a diagnosis of postcoital cystitis (or cystitis after sex), an additional examination is required for confirmation. In the first place, analyzes are made - a general blood test (the basis for diagnosing most diseases), urine (the study of the chemical and physical properties of urine, which can indicate pathological processes in the body), bacteriological culture of urine (reveals an infection in the urinary tract), a vaginal smear ( allows to identify pathogenic bacteria).

[23], [24], [25], [26], [27],

Instrumental diagnostics

Instrumental diagnostics, as the name implies, is carried out with the help of tools. Cystitis after sex can be confirmed by the following methods:

• Ultrasound.
• cystoscopy.

Ultrasound with cystitis is carried out in several ways: through the abdominal cavity, through the urethra and through the rectum. Regardless of the method, the test is performed on a complete bladder.

Research through the rectum is carried out if there is a suspicion of the pathology of the organ, in other cases, ultrasound is selected through the abdominal wall.

Kidney ultrasound is prescribed if back pain is associated with symptoms of cystitis, which can indicate inflammation of the kidneys.

Cystoscopy - the study of the urinary tract with the help of a special optical system, today there are two types of systems: mobile and rigid.

A rigid cystoscope helps to examine the urinary tract, and the movable allows you to display the image on the monitor.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnostics consists in the exclusion of similar diseases for some symptoms and reduction in the final analysis to the only possible diagnosis.

If there are signs of cystitis (painful and frequent urination, changes in urine composition, etc.) and high temperature, then this condition can be caused by inflammation of the renal pelvis, but not of the bladder, in the presence of blood or pus in the urine, tumors and the formation of stones should be excluded in the urinary.

If cystitis after sex worries for a long time and is difficult to treat, you should undergo a complete examination, possible causes lie in papillomas, tumors, tuberculosis, inflammation and hypertrophy of the prostate, etc.

Signs of cystitis, not confirmed by the presence of bacteria in the urine, can be associated with penetration into urinary anaerobic bacteria, gonococci, ureaplasmas, chlamydia, viruses. In this case, it requires bakposev on special media.

Most often an expert should differentiate cystitis from a fairly common female disease - cystalgia. The disease occurs exclusively among the female population of the planet, characterized by frequent and painful urination, pain in the lower abdomen. The cystolegia has not been studied definitively, but according to some data it is associated with hormonal disorders, circulatory disorders due to pathological processes in the genitals and other organs of the genitourinary system.

When diagnosing a doctor, the doctor relies on the patient's complaints and the results of the urinalysis.

Treatment of the cystitis after sex

With cystitis inflammatory foci in the vagina are eliminated with the help of local antifungal and antibacterial drugs. If a venereal disease is detected, the specialist needs treatment from both partners. With anatomical features of the urinary system, the doctor can recommend surgical treatment - transposition of the urethra (a rise above the vagina), if necessary, the surgeon excludes the remains of the hymen that stretch the urethra.

After the operation, recovery takes 7-15 days, in 85% of cases, the operation allows you to forget for ever what cystitis is after sex.

Medications

The main treatment for postcoital cystitis is primarily aimed at blocking the spread of infection. If the disease is caused by bacteria, antibiotics are prescribed - Ofloxin, Monural, with viral infections - Cycloferon, with fungal - Fluconazole, etc.

Ofloksin belongs to the group of fluoroquinolones, it has a wide spectrum of action. The drug is prescribed at 200-60 mg per day, the course of treatment up to 10 days.

When liver failure is prescribed not more than 400 mg per day. On the background of treatment may be disturbed by dizziness, drowsiness, vomiting, confusion.

This drug is administered with caution at the same time with antacids, which contain calcium, aluminum, magnesium, iron salts, antiarrhythmics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticosteroids, urine-alkalinizing drugs.

Ofloksin contraindicated in pregnancy, persons under 18 years of age, epilepsy.

Cycloferon is an antiviral and immunomodulating medication. It is prescribed 1 time per day before meals (for 30 minutes) for 450-600 mg.

Contraindicated in pregnancy and individual intolerance of the components of the drug, as well as children under 4 years, with caution taken with diseases of the digestive tract and thyroid gland.

Antifungal preparation Fluconazole appoint up to 8 capsules per day, as the condition improves, the dosage is reduced to 4 capsules. The course of treatment depends on the clinical picture, on average 6 to 8 weeks. Caution should be taken simultaneously with rifampicin, hypoglycemic agents, cyclosporine, theophylline, rifabutin, zidovudine, cisapride, zidovudine, hydrochlorothiazide.

The main treatment is supplemented with drugs that help to reduce unpleasant manifestations of the disease and normalize the work of the urinary system - painkillers No-shpa, Nurofen, phytopreparations Tsiston, Kanefron, as well as medicinal infusions or decoctions of leaves of cowberry, sporis, corn stigmas (help to relieve inflammation and have a diuretic action), immunostimulating drugs Proteflazide, Lavomax, vitamin complexes.

In inflammatory processes, the introduction of antiseptics through the urethra, warming up, gymnastic exercises, diet and drinking in large numbers helps. Cystitis after sex with properly prescribed treatment and the implementation of all the recommendations of a doctor is within a week, but immunostimulating, phytopreparations and vitamins should be taken longer (2-3 weeks).

With this disease, it is extremely important to undergo a full course of treatment, otherwise cystitis will pass into a chronic form and cure pathology will be much harder.

Alternative treatment

For the removal of inflammatory processes in the bladder, alternative medicine is often used, however, such prescriptions should be used only after preliminary consultation of a specialist. Urologists often complete the traditional treatment with alternative treatment, but it is worth remembering that cystitis after sex requires an integrated approach and should include the use of antibiotics, spasmolytics, uroseptics and other medications.

In alternative medicine, one of the most effective ways of treating cystitis is heating with hot brick. The procedure requires a brick (preferably red) heated on fire, which is placed in an enamel bucket, then it is necessary to sit on a bucket and wrap the bottom of the body with a warm blanket. After 15-20 minutes, you need to wipe the wet areas of the body well and go straight to bed. To enhance the effect on the hot brick before the procedure, you need to drip a bit of birch tar.

[28], [29]

Herbal Treatment

Among the alternative methods of cystitis treatment, infusions and herbal decoctions are widely spread. To remove inflammation and unpleasant symptoms will help St. John's wort, aspen, field horsetail, cones of hops, gryzhnik.

When chronic inflammatory is recommended decoction of St. John's wort - 15 grams per 250 ml of boiling water, boil for about an hour, drain, drink up to 4 times a day for 125 ml.

To prepare the next broth, you need twigs or an aspen bark, and pour 500 grams of cold water (30 grams), boil on low heat until half of the liquid evaporates. During the day, the broth should be drunk in small portions.

In chronic inflammatory processes in the stage of exacerbation, the field horsetail helps well - 30 g pour 1 liter of boiling water and boil for about 15 minutes, drain, take 3 times a day for 200-250 ml.

Relieves spasms, has a diuretic effect of the decoction of their hernia - 15 g pour 250 ml of boiling water, boil for 5 minutes, cool and strain, drink after meals up to 3 times a day for 15-20 ml.

Quite effective is the infusion of hop cones - 30 g pour 500 ml of boiling water, insist for an hour, drain, drink half a cup in the morning and evening.

Homeopathy 

Homeopathic preparations help not only to reduce the symptoms of cystitis after sex, but also contribute to the elimination of various infections of the urinary tract.

The choice of the drug depends on the symptoms being tested. Burning, painful and frequent urination is helped by a spanish fly. The drug is effective in cases when against the background of inflammation of the bladder the woman becomes irritable, unpleasant symptoms intensify with the use of caffeine, alcohol, etc.

During the treatment with spinal fly, constant heat, warming up, abundant hot drink is required.

With spasmodic pains, an emetic nut is used, which helps to get rid of unpleasant symptoms faster with proper rest and constant warmth (not to freeze). If during the treatment there is moral fatigue, nervous overexertion, then the effectiveness of the drug is reduced several times, and during the treatment is contraindicated the use of coffee, alcohol, spicy, spicy food.

Barberry is used for acute and burning pains that occur with inflammation of the urinary. The choice of homeopaths can fall on this remedy, if the patient experiences apathy, fatigue, poor concentration.

Tiger lily is prescribed with stitching pains, burning during urination, frequent urges, when a small amount of urine leaves during urination. A distinctive feature of this remedy is that improvements occur when the patient is in a cool, well ventilated room, but under the influence of heat the drug can cause deterioration.

Caustic soda is prescribed when the patient experiences strong and constant urge to go to the toilet, but with urination problems arise. In warmth amid the treatment, the patient's condition improves, the cold, the use of cold drinks, caffeine and other stimulants aggravate the symptoms of the disease.

Operative treatment

Cystitis after sex is treated mainly by therapeutic means, surgical treatment may be required for physiological abnormalities of development, for example, when the urethra is located close to the vagina, which leads to trauma to the canal and infection in the bladder.  

During surgery, the surgeon moves the opening of the urethra to the proper place. After surgical treatment, there are almost no complications and the problem of the occurrence of cystitis after sexual intercourse for a woman is forever in the past.

Prevention

Cystitis after sex occurs when pathogens get into the urinary system, so as a preventive measure, you should carefully observe hygiene, and, as a woman, and a man.

Partners should use a condom every time they have sexual intercourse, avoid pose, under which there is pressure or rubbing the urethra, use special lubricants in case of natural deficiency, and timely treat gynecological diseases. Experts recommend emptying the bladder before and after sexual contact, which will wash most of the bacteria that have got into the bladder.

[30], [31], [32]

Forecast

With such a pathology as cystitis after sex, the prognosis is, in most cases, favorable, especially if the treatment is under the supervision of a specialist.

Independent treatment, taking antibiotics after each sexual intercourse can cause unwanted reactions of the body and form drug resistance, in this case, the predictions are less favorable.

Cystitis after sex is an unpleasant disease that not only causes unpleasant symptoms, but it can also affect a woman's sexual life (possible, fear of intercourse, rejection of sex due to fear of pain, etc.). It is worth remembering that self-medication can lead to undesirable consequences, with cystitis the main complex approach and compliance with all the doctor's recommendations.