Chlorhexidine bigluconate

Chlorhexidine Bigluconate has disinfectant properties, mainly of a bactericidal nature.

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Indications Chlorhexidine bigluconate

It is used to treat various diseases (depending on the concentration level of the medicinal solution).

Solutions in concentrations of 0.05%, as well as 0.1% and 0.2% are usually used to prevent the development of infections after surgical operations.

Dentists use this solution as a means for treating dentures, and also prescribe it for periodontitis or stomatitis - to rinse the gums.

It is also used to treat skin in surgery and urology (if it is necessary to penetrate the urethra, etc.), and also before and after gynecological operations to prevent the possibility of infection.

In addition, in gynecological practice, Chlorhexidine is used to treat thrush. In this case, it is necessary to perform douching according to the scheme prescribed by the doctor.

The drug is also prescribed for the treatment of many dermatological pathologies (both fungal and bacterial). Along with this, the drug is prescribed for mucosal lesions caused by bacteria that are sensitive to the active element of the drug, and purulent wounds.

The solution is often used to treat various injuries and wounds on the skin to prevent infection.

The use of drugs also occurs for the prevention of the development of STDs, such as chlamydia with genital herpes, gonorrhea and syphilis with trichomoniasis.

A 0.5% preparation is used to eliminate damage to the skin surface and mucous membranes, and in addition to this, to disinfect medical instruments (the product must have a temperature of 70 ^o C).

A 1% medicinal solution is prescribed to prevent the appearance of infection in areas of wounds and burns, and in addition to this, for disinfection before the surgical procedure and for disinfection of devices and instruments for which heat treatment is prohibited.

5% and 20% substances are used in the production of solutions based on alcohol, water or glycerin.

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Release form

The product is released in the form of a medicinal solution (0.05%) for external use. The volume of a polymer bottle with a special nozzle and a glass bottle is 100 ml. There is 1 such bottle inside the pack.

20% solution is produced in 100 or 500 ml bottles.

In addition, the drug is produced in the form of a gel (with lidocaine) and suppositories, as well as a spray, ointment and cream.

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Pharmacodynamics

The medicine is a dichlorine-containing derivative of the substance biguanide. It affects the functioning of the body by changing the functional properties of the cell walls of microbes. The cations formed as a result of the dissociation of chlorhexidine salts interact with bacterial membranes that have a negative energy charge. Under the influence of the drug, the destruction of the cytoplasmic bacterial wall occurs - the disruption of its balance leads to the death of the microorganism.

A 0.05% solution of the drug and 20% gluconate have a powerful destructive effect on many strains of microbes. Among them are gonococcus, vaginal trichomonas, bacteroides fragilis, pale treponema, chlamydia and gardnerella vaginalis. In addition, the drug actively affects Ureaplasma spp. and has a moderate effect on strains of proteus and pseudomonas.

Fungal spores and viruses (except herpes) are resistant to Chlorhexidine.

Skin treatment or hand washing with this solution provides a long-lasting antibacterial effect. For this reason, the drug is often used to disinfect the surgical area and the surgeon's hands.

Chlorhexidine retains its antimicrobial activity even in the presence of blood or pus, etc. in the wound, but this still leads to a weakening of its effect.

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Dosing and administration

The drug Chlorhexidine on an alcohol and water basis must be used locally to eliminate infections.

To prevent the development of STIs, the medicine is used as follows. It is necessary to carry out treatment with a 0.05% solution within a maximum of 2 hours after unprotected sexual intercourse. A man should insert 2-3 ml of the drug into the urethra. A woman should insert 1-2 ml of the solution into the urethra, and another 5-10 ml into the vagina (like a gynecological douche). In addition, it is recommended to treat the skin surface around the genitals.

It is also necessary to take into account that after using the drug, it is necessary to avoid urination for 2 hours, because this will reduce the effectiveness of the drug.

For preventive purposes in such cases, Chlorhexidine suppositories can also be used.

The scheme for performing douching when treating thrush and other gynecological pathologies, as well as other nuances, must be clarified in advance with a gynecologist. When douching, a ready-made 0.05% medicinal solution is used (there is no need to dilute it additionally). Before douching, you should take a horizontal position and squeeze a few drops of medicine into the vagina, then lie down for a short time. If the patient has allergy symptoms, douching is prohibited.

Using LS to eliminate inflammations that occur in the urinary system: it is necessary to introduce 2-3 ml of the drug with a concentration of 0.05% into the urethra. The procedure is carried out 1-2 times a day. Such a course continues for 10 days. This method of use is used both in women and in men.

To treat wounds or burns and other damage to the skin surface, use a medicine with a concentration of 0.02%, 0.05% or 0.5%. The method of application is applications or irrigation. The application should be kept on the skin for 1-3 minutes. In addition to the solution, a spray with Chlorhexidine can also be used.

If it is necessary to disinfect the skin before the operation, 20% Chlorhexidine should be used - it is dissolved in ethanol (70%) in a ratio of 1:40. The surgical area should be treated twice, with an interval of 2 minutes.

To treat ENT diseases (such as pharyngitis, sore throat or tonsillitis), a solution in a concentration of 0.2% or 0.5% is required. In this case, the drug is used for gargling.

Before starting the rinsing procedure with Chlorhexidine, rinse your mouth thoroughly with regular warm water. When treating a sore throat, rinse your throat as follows: take 1 tablespoon of the preparation (about 10-15 ml) and rinse (the procedure lasts about half a minute). Repeated performance of this procedure is also allowed (once). After rinsing, it is recommended to refrain from drinking and eating for about 1 hour. The attending physician gives the patient precise instructions regarding the rinsing process, as well as the frequency of the procedure, taking into account his individual clinical picture.

It is also necessary to take into account that if the patient feels a burning sensation when rinsing the mouth with a medicinal solution, its concentration level is probably too high. It is prohibited to use a solution with a concentration greater than 0.5% for rinsing.

After the tooth extraction procedure, rinse your mouth 3 times a day. The rinsing process lasts 60 seconds.

Do not swallow the solution. If during rinsing some of the solution accidentally gets into the gastrointestinal tract, you should take activated carbon (1 tablet/10 kg of body weight).

You also cannot wash your nose on your own if you have sinusitis. The possibility and necessity of such washing is determined only by a doctor, and only he can perform this procedure, because when taking a medicinal substance into the nose, it can penetrate into the meninges or the cavity of the inner ear, as a result of which the patient may develop serious complications.

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Use Chlorhexidine bigluconate during pregnancy

It is allowed to carry out local treatment with Chlorhexidine during breastfeeding or pregnancy. However, although pregnant women are not prohibited from using the medicine, it is not recommended to use this solution for a long time.

Pregnant women can perform gargling procedures only under the supervision of a doctor.

Contraindications

Among the contraindications:

• the presence of hypersensitivity to the elements of the drug;
• It is forbidden to use for people who have dermatitis;
• use simultaneously with other disinfectants (such as hydrogen peroxide, etc.);
• It is not advisable to use it for disinfecting the operating area before or after an operation in the area of the auditory canal or central nervous system;
• It is prohibited to use it during ophthalmological procedures. Chlorhexidine should not be used to wash eyes – special solutions are used for this purpose.

The medication should be used with caution when treating children.

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Side effects Chlorhexidine bigluconate

The use of the drug sometimes leads to the occurrence of such side effects:

• dryness of the skin surface;
• skin itching;
• the appearance of rashes;
• development of dermatitis;
• photophobia.

Long-term use of LS for irrigation of the oral cavity and its rinsing can cause disorder of taste recipes and occurrence of tartar. In addition, a change in the shade of teeth is observed.

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Overdose

There have been no cases of poisoning with the solution. In case of accidental ingestion of the medicine, it is necessary to perform gastric lavage, give the patient activated carbon, and also carry out symptomatic measures.

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Interactions with other drugs

At pH values exceeding 8, precipitation is observed. In the case of using hard water during the preparation of the medicinal solution, a weakening of its bactericidal effect is observed.

The medicine is incompatible with various anionic compounds (including, for example, soap).

Also, do not combine with phosphates, borates and carbonates, as well as with citrates, sulfates and chlorides.

The effect of the drug increases the sensitivity of bacteria to the effects of such elements as cephalosporin, neomycin, chloramphenicol and kanamycin.

Ethanol potentiates the bactericidal effect of Chlorhexidine.

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Storage conditions

Chlorhexidine bigluconate should be kept in a place where sunlight and moisture do not penetrate. The temperature level should not exceed 25°C.

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Shelf life

Chlorhexidine bigluconate in a concentration of 0.05% is allowed to be used for 2 years from the date of release of the drug; in a concentration of 20% - a maximum of 3 years. The shelf life of ready-made solutions is 7 days.

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