Cefort

Cefort is an antibacterial medication for systemic use.

Indications Ceforta

It is used in the treatment of infections that are activated by microbes that are sensitive to ceftriaxone. Among these are:

• respiratory tract - pneumonia or inflammation in the ENT organs;
• ears - acute stages of otitis media;
• peritoneum - typhoid fever or peritonitis, etc.;
• urinary tract and kidneys - urogenital infections;
• genitals – syphilis or gonorrhea, etc.;
• bone or soft tissue - infections that appear in the area of wounds;
• people with weakened immune systems;
• sepsis, meningitis or disseminated tick-borne borreliosis (stage 2 or 3).

Can be used to prevent infections after surgical procedures.

When using ceftriaxone, existing official guidelines for the prevention of antibiotic resistance must be followed. Chlamydia and mycobacteria with mycoplasma are resistant to cephalosporins.

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Release form

The medicine is released in the form of a lyophilisate, in 1 g vials. There is 1 vial inside the box.

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Pharmacodynamics

The active element of the drug, ceftriaxone, is a third-generation antibiotic from the cephalosporin group. It is administered parenterally and has a prolonged type of medicinal effect.

The bactericidal effect of the drug develops due to the ability to suppress the binding of cell walls, which causes lysis of bacterial cells with their subsequent death. It actively affects a large number of gram-negative and -positive microbes.

In addition, ceftriaxone has high resistance to a relatively large number of β-lactamases.

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Pharmacokinetics

After parenteral injection, ceftriaxone passes well into fluids with tissues. The bioavailability values of the component after administration are 100%. With an intramuscular injection, Cmax values are noted after 2-3 hours. In case of inflammation of the meningeal membranes, the substance passes well into the cerebrospinal fluid. After the introduction of the drug in a portion of 50 mg / kg, the values in the blood plasma are 216 mcg / ml, and in the cerebrospinal fluid - 5.6 mcg / ml. In an adult, after 2-24 hours after an injection of 50 mg / kg of the drug, its indicators in the cerebrospinal fluid are many times higher than the minimum inhibitory concentrations of the most common microbes that cause meningitis.

Protein synthesis of the drug inside the plasma is 85%. The distribution volume is within 5.78-13.5 l. The half-life is within 5.8-8.7 hours. The total clearance values are in the range of 0.58-1.45 l/hour; renal – 0.32-0.73 l/hour.

50-60% of the active drug is excreted in the urine (within 48 hours), and another part is excreted in the bile. In a newborn child, about 70% of the applied portion is excreted through the kidneys.

In infants under 8 days of age and in elderly patients (over 75 years), the half-life is approximately doubled. In case of renal insufficiency, excretion slows down.

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Dosing and administration

The medication should be used parenterally, via intravenous or intramuscular infusions or injections. It is prohibited to mix it in one bottle or syringe with other drugs.

Adolescents from 12 years of age or adults should be administered an average of 1-2 g of the drug (often once a day). No more than 4 g of the substance can be used per day.

In case of treatment of severe stages of infections or due to weak sensitivity to ceftriaxone, the daily dose of the drug can be increased to 2-4 g (neutropenic fever, bacterial infections, as well as meningitis or endocarditis of bacterial origin).

Duration of therapy is a minimum of 1 day (gonorrhea), a maximum of 21 days (complicated infections; for example, disseminated tick-borne borreliosis). The exact portion size, duration of treatment and method of administration are selected by the doctor, taking into account the severity of the pathology, as well as the individual characteristics of the patient.

Preparation of liquid for intramuscular injection: 1 g of lyophilisate is diluted in a 1% lidocaine solution (3.5 ml).

Preparation of liquid for intravenous administration: 1 g of the substance is diluted in injection water (10 ml). The injection should be performed at a slow speed, over 4-5 minutes.

Preparation of a drug for intravenous infusion through a dropper: 2 g of the drug is diluted in one of the following solvents (40 ml): 0.9% NaCl, 0.45% NaCl + 2.5% glucose, 5% or 10% glucose, 6% dextran in 5% glucose or 10% hydroxyethyl starch.

The following dosages of the drug are recommended for children:

• for newborns under 14 days old – calculate the dose in the ratio of 20-50 mg/kg (the medicine must be administered over at least 1 hour);
• for children from 15 days of age to 12 years of age – calculate the dose in the proportion of 20-80 mg/kg.

In severe stages of the disease, a dose of 80 mg/kg is used. Children weighing more than 50 kg should take the medicine in dosages calculated for adults.

Doses over 50 mg/kg must be administered over at least half an hour. A maximum of 80 mg/kg of the drug is permitted. The only exception is therapy for meningitis in children under 12 years of age – in this case, a dose of 100 mg/kg is used.

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Use Ceforta during pregnancy

There is no information regarding the safety of the drug when used in pregnant women, which is why it is not recommended for use in such patients.

Because ceftriaxone can cross the placenta, breastfeeding should be discontinued if it is used.

Contraindications

Main contraindications:

• the presence of intolerance to cephalosporins or the drug used as a solvent. If a person has hypersensitivity to monobactams, penicillins or carbapenems, the risk of cross-allergy to ceftriaxone must be taken into account;
• It is prohibited to use in case of enteritis, ulcerative colitis or colitis associated with taking antibiotics;
• acidosis or jaundice;
• The drug cannot be combined with solutions containing calcium. They can only be used after at least 48 hours have passed since the use of ceftriaxone. This is due to the increased likelihood of the formation of precipitates of Ca salts of ceftriaxone.

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Side effects Ceforta

Ceftriaxone is often tolerated without complications, but sometimes some side effects may appear:

• fungal infections;
• thrombocytopenia or leukopenia, as well as eosinophilia or hemolytic anemia. An increase in the PT values is also possible;
• nausea, pancreatitis, diarrhea, bile stasis, stomatitis or vomiting;
• the appearance of precipitates of Ca salts of ceftriaxone inside the gallbladder;
• itching, rash, swelling or hives;
• hematuria or oliguria, and also the formation of stones in the kidneys;
• fever, headaches, signs of anaphylaxis.

Occasionally, phlebitis has been observed, which requires the drug to be administered at a low rate. To numb the injection, the drug should be dissolved in lidocaine (only for intramuscular injections).

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Overdose

Overdose leads to potentiation of the negative symptoms of the drug – vomiting with nausea, as well as headaches.

Symptomatic procedures are used to eliminate these disorders. Peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis are not necessary, as they will not have an effect. There is no antidote.

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Interactions with other drugs

Cefort mutually potentiates the effect of aminoglycosides against many gram-negative bacteria.

NSAIDs, as well as other drugs that slow platelet aggregation, increase the risk of bleeding, and drugs with a nephrotoxic effect and diuretics increase the risk of renal dysfunction.

It does not have pharmaceutical compatibility with other antimicrobial drugs.

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Storage conditions

Cefort must be kept in a dark place, out of reach of children. Temperature values are within 25°C.

Shelf life

Cefort can be used within 24 months from the date of manufacture of the pharmaceutical product.

Application for children

It is prohibited to prescribe to premature infants (born before 41 weeks), as well as premature infants or newborns with hyperbilirubinemia.

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Analogues

The analogs of the drug are Tercef, Rocephin, Lendacin with Ceftriaxone, and in addition, Xon, Emsef and Ceftriaxone-KMP.

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