Cefobid

Cefobid has an antibacterial effect.

Indications Cefobida

It is used to eliminate infectious lesions affecting the following areas:

• urethral ducts;
• respiratory system;
• joints with bones;
• epidermis and subcutaneous tissues;
• gonorrhea;
• peritonitis with cholecystitis, as well as other lesions of the abdominal area;
• septicemia or meningitis;
• salpingitis or endometritis;
• as a preventive measure against the development of complications after surgical procedures of an orthopedic, gynecological or abdominal nature.

[ 1 ], [ 2 ], [ 3 ], [ 4 ]

Release form

The product is available in lyophilisate for injection liquid, in 1 g vials.

[ 5 ], [ 6 ], [ 7 ]

Pharmacodynamics

Cefoperazone is a semi-artificial antibiotic from the cephalosporin category. It can only be administered parenterally. The bactericidal effect develops after slowing down the binding of pathogenic microbes inside the cell membranes.

Demonstrates activity against most clinically important bacteria. Affects the action of streptococci with staphylococci, klebsiella with salmonella, escherichia and clostridia, as well as proteus, meningococci, shigella, gonococci, β-hemolytic streptococci, etc.

[ 8 ], [ 9 ]

Pharmacokinetics

After injection of the drug, it is noted in high concentrations in bile with blood and urine. Therapeutic values are recorded in all tissues with fluids, atria, sputum, umbilical cord blood, and also sinuses of appendages, tonsils, prostate with kidneys and in women in the pelvic organs. Peak values in bile are 100 times higher than serum values and are observed after 1-3 hours.

Excretion occurs with bile, and also with urine. The half-life is 2 hours and does not change depending on the methods of administration. Together with urine, after 12 hours, 20-30% of the drug is excreted (with healthy renal function). With repeated injection in a healthy person, accumulation of the substance does not develop.

Liver dysfunction prolongs the half-life of the drug from the blood and its excretion in the urine. If kidney/liver failure is observed, accumulation in the blood develops.

[ 10 ], [ 11 ]

Dosing and administration

Intramuscular injections are administered into the thigh or buttock muscle.

Adult daily dose – 2-4 g, administered at intervals of 12 hours. When treating severe stages of infections, the dose is increased to 8 g/day. For children, 50-200 mg/kg should be prescribed per day. This dose should be administered in 2-3 equal doses.

Therapy continues until bacterial susceptibility testing is obtained.

In case of urethritis of gonococcal origin, 0.5 g is administered intramuscularly once.

For intravenous injection, a single dose is 2000 mg, which is administered over 3-5 minutes. If administered through a dropper, the procedure should last 20-60 minutes.

To prevent complications after surgical procedures, intravenous administration should be started 1 hour before surgery and then repeated at 12-hour intervals throughout the first day. This period may be extended to 72 hours if procedures with a high risk of infection, open heart surgery, or joint replacement are performed.

Dosage portions can be changed in case of severe illnesses, but it is necessary to take into account that a maximum of 2000 mg is allowed per day.

For intramuscular injections, the drug is diluted in a 2% lidocaine solution and injection fluid. First, the liquid is used to dissolve the lyophilisate, and then lidocaine is added to the mixture.

[ 17 ]

Use Cefobida during pregnancy

Tests on the effect of the drug on the reproductive organs were performed on rabbits, as well as monkeys and rats. The dosages were 10 times higher than those used for humans. No reduction in fertility or teratogenic effects were detected. However, no controlled relevant tests involving pregnant women were performed. Therefore, during this period, it is recommended to prescribe Cefobid only if there are vital indications for the patient.

Small amounts of the medicinal element pass into breast milk, which is why the drug should be administered with caution to nursing mothers.

Contraindications

Contraindicated for use in the presence of symptoms of allergy or hypersensitivity to cephalosporins and penicillins.

[ 12 ], [ 13 ]

Side effects Cefobida

The use of the medication may provoke the appearance of side effects:

• rashes that have a maculopapular form, drug fever, itching and urticaria;
• a decrease in hemoglobin or neutrophil values, and in addition, the development of eosinophilia, bleeding, hypoprothrombinemia or treatable neutropenia;
• moderate increase in ALT, ALP or AST levels;
• pseudomembranous colitis, vomiting, and loose stools, which stop after the end of therapy;
• Intravenous injections can cause phlebitis, and intramuscular injections can cause pain.

[ 14 ], [ 15 ], [ 16 ]

Overdose

Due to intoxication, there is a potentiation of negative manifestations. High values of LS in the cerebrospinal fluid can cause seizures and the development of neurological signs.

To eliminate the disorders, sedatives are prescribed, as well as diazepam (for convulsions). The active element is removed from the circulatory system using hemodialysis.

[ 18 ], [ 19 ], [ 20 ], [ 21 ]

Interactions with other drugs

When drinking alcoholic beverages even after the end of therapy with Cefobid, disulfiram-like symptoms developed (headaches, hyperhidrosis, tachycardia and hot flashes). Because of this, drinking alcohol is prohibited for another 5 days from the end of therapy.

Cefoperazone and aminoglycosides are not compatible, so their solutions must not be mixed. If complex treatment is required, sequential drip infusions are administered using separate catheters. Cefobid should be administered before aminoglycosides.

A false-positive response to urinary glucose levels may be observed when administering Fehling's or Benedict's solution.

[ 22 ], [ 23 ], [ 24 ]

Storage conditions

Cefobid must be kept at temperatures not exceeding 30°C.

[ 25 ]

Shelf life

Cefobid is allowed to be used within 24 months from the date of release of the therapeutic drug.

Application for children

Cefoperazone can be prescribed to infants from birth.

Since large-scale tests on the effects of the drug on newborns and premature babies have not been performed, the benefits and risks of such treatment must be carefully assessed before prescribing the drug.

[ 26 ], [ 27 ], [ 28 ], [ 29 ]

Analogues

Analogues of the drug are Cefoperus, Medocef with Cefpar, and also Dardum, Cefoperabol, Movoperiz and Cefoperazone.

[ 30 ], [ 31 ], [ 32 ]

Reviews

Cefobid, being a 3rd generation cephalosporin, has a wide range of bactericidal effects, due to which it is effective in the treatment of many pathologies. Its feature is the ability of the active element to be excreted both with urine and bile. This is why it demonstrates effectiveness in the treatment of infections affecting the gallbladder and abdominal organs, as well as inflammation in the kidney area. But at the same time, this feature of excretion negatively affects the intestinal biocenosis.

In this regard, the use of drugs containing cefoperazone often causes pronounced negative effects in the form of diarrhea. Complications of bowel function are noted with a frequency of about 6-10%. Many patients complain about this drawback of the drug in their reviews.