Cavinton Fort

Cavinton forte in international medical terminology is Vinpocetin. It is a drug whose main characteristic is the effect on the nervous system.

According to the ATS code, the drug is part of a group of medications - psychostimulants that affect the cognitive functions of a person. Being nootropic, the drug is used for mental disorders, memory and attention impairment, and also for hyperactivity.

At the same time, the preparation improves blood circulation in the brain tissues, which contributes to its normal functioning. Thanks to the restoration of high-grade blood supply to all parts of the brain, there is an improvement in general condition (dizziness, headache) and activation of brain structures responsible for cognitive functions.

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Indications Cavinton Fort

The drug is widely used in neurology, cardiology, neurosurgery and other fields of medicine. In neurology Cavinton forte is used with a therapeutic direction for cerebrovascular pathology.

The drug is effective in restoring the local (cerebral) circulation, the violation of which was obtained as a result of changes in the blood supply of individual parts of the brain (stroke).

Indications for use Cavinton forte also include vertebrobasilar insufficiency, vascular dementia, atherosclerotic lesions of cerebral vessels, encephalopathy due to hypertension or trauma.

In addition, Cavinton forte promotes regression of mental and neurological symptoms in vascular pathology of the brain.

In ophthalmology, indications for the use of Cavinton forte are represented by impaired blood supply to vascular genesis in the retina and choroid.

For the treatment of hearing loss of perceptual type of age origin, the drug is used to restore local blood circulation. In addition, the drug decreases the intensity of the manifestation of Ménière's disease and eliminates tinnitus.

Release form

The dosage form Cavinton forte is represented by a tablet type. Its leading physico-chemical properties are white, sometimes with a beige hue, a flat round shape. The diameter of the tablet is 0.8 cm, on its surface is inscribed "10 mg" from one side, and on the other is a dividing line.

Cavinton forte has a dosage of 10 mg. The drug contains the main active ingredient - vinpocetine. In addition, it is worth highlighting additional components in the form of talc, magnesium stearate, magnesium monohydrate and several other components.

The tableted form of release allows you to strictly control the dosage of the drug - 10 mg to avoid overdose. Each package contains 2 or 6 blisters. The outer packaging is made of cardboard of various sizes depending on the number of tablets. One blister consists of 15 tablets.

This form of release is designed to treat a serious pathology, when a dosage of 5 mg is not effective. For this, it is recommended to use 10 mg tablets to avoid taking 2 tablets of 5 mg each.

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Pharmacodynamics

The main active substance Cavinton forte provides a comprehensive mechanism of action - affects the metabolic processes of the brain and activates the local circulation, improving the rheological characteristics of the blood.

Pharmacodynamics Cavinton forte provides protection of nerve cells and fibers, weakening the negative impact of cytotoxic reactions caused by stimulating amino acids. The drug inhibits potential-dependent channels for sodium and calcium ions, as well as some receptors. In addition, the drug enhances the protective effect of adenosine neurons.

Vinpocetine activates the metabolism in the brain tissues by increasing the uptake of glucose and oxygen and delivering them to the brain cells. The drug increases the resistance of the brain to a lack of oxygen, activates the circulation of glucose, which is especially important for the brain on the energy side, and also affects metabolism with the predominance of the aerobic pathway.

In addition, the drug increases the amount of ATP, stimulates the transport of norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain tissues, activates the ascending pathways of the norepinephrine system, as a result of which the cerebroprotective effect is observed.

Pharmacodynamics Cavinton forte causes increased microcirculation by inhibiting the process of platelet aggregation, reducing the viscosity of blood, increasing the capacity of red blood cells to change its shape and blocking the capture of adenosine. In addition, there is an improvement in oxygen circulation in the brain tissues.

Cavinton forte selectively activates blood circulation in the brain by increasing the ejection of cerebral volume by the heart, reducing resistance in the vessels of the brain, without having a significant effect on the parameters of the systemic circulation (pulse, pressure, systolic ejection, vascular resistance).

Activation of cerebral circulation is carried out without "stealing" blood in other organs. In addition, there is a stimulation of blood circulation in areas with insufficient intake of oxygen and nutrients.

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration of the drug, a suction process begins, during which the concentration of the main active ingredient in the blood increases. The maximum level is reached after 1 hour. The leading sections of the gastrointestinal tract, where intensive absorption of vinpocetine is noted, are considered to be proximal parts. During the penetration of the drug through the wall of the intestine, there is no metabolic process involving the drug.

Pharmacokinetics Cavinton forte provides the maximum accumulation of vinpocetine in the organs of the digestive system, in particular, in the liver. This process is carried out within 2-4 hours after taking the medicine inside. In addition, the amount of vinpocetine in the brain tissues is lower than the concentration in the blood.

The connection with proteins is noted at the level of 66%, and the absolute bioavailability is 7%. According to the distribution volume, it is clear that vinpocetine has a pronounced tropism to the tissues. The process of removing the drug is carried out on 40% of the intestines and 60% of the kidneys.

The half-life is approximately 3.5-6 hours, depending on the dosage taken. Metabolism is exposed to almost 100% of the drug, as a result of which only 3-5% of the drug is excreted unchanged.

Pharmacokinetics Cavinton forte causes the formation of apovinamic acid from vinpocetine, which is its metabolite. Although there are some more - hydroxyvinpocetine, hydroxy-AVK, as well as their compounds with sulfates and glucuronides.

Especially important advantage Cavinton forte is the lack of the need for individual dosage adjustment for people suffering from liver and kidney pathology.

Due to the fact that the drug is intended to a greater extent for use in old age, it is necessary to determine the differences in metabolism and excretion with a younger age group of people. After the study, it was concluded that the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the drug did not change with age and concomitant pathology.

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Dosing and administration

Depending on the severity of the pathological process, the presence of concomitant pathology and the age of the patient, the method of application and dose should be selected individually.

The drug in most cases is prescribed 1 tablet several times a day. However, it should be noted that the dosage of tablets can be different. So, Cavinton forte has 10 mg vinpocetine, and "ordinary" Cavinton - only 5 mg of the main active ingredient.

Given the severity of the pathology and the purpose of the drug taken, you need to take 5 mg or 10 mg vinpocetine three times a day. A special feature of the drug is the need to use it after eating, squeezed with a small amount of water.

In addition, the method of administration and dose do not require correction in the elderly, as well as in the presence of liver or kidney dysfunction. Duration of drug intake is determined individually - from several weeks to months.

Cavinton forte can be used as a monotherapy, but in most cases an integrated approach is required. In this regard, Cavinton forte is recommended to be used with other drugs to restore blood circulation in the brain and normalize cognitive functions.

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Use Cavinton Fort during pregnancy

There are some contraindications to the use of the drug. The main one is the use of Cavinton forte during pregnancy. During this period, it is necessary to strictly control the intake of medications to avoid the development of adverse reactions from the pregnant and fetus, which can threaten their health and life.

Due to research, it was concluded that vinpocetine is able to penetrate the placenta and circulate in the fetal blood. Of course, the concentration of the main active ingredient in the placenta and the bloodstream of the fetus is lower than in the pregnant one, but the risk of unwanted consequences is very high.

Despite the fact that there was no teratogenic and toxic effect on the fetus, nevertheless the use of Cavinton forte is prohibited during pregnancy. This is due to the results of animal studies, when vinpocetine was used in large doses.

As a result, placental bleeding developed with a subsequent abortion. The main assumption of this condition is the increased placental circulation, which provokes bleeding.

In addition, it should be borne in mind that during the lactation period, you should not use Cavinton forte. Studies have revealed that the concentration of vinpocetine in breast milk is 10 times higher than the amount in the woman's blood.

The volume of the drug that was given with breast milk per hour is one quarter of the whole dose taken. In this regard, the use of Cavinton forte with natural feeding of the baby is contraindicated in order to avoid negative effects on the body.

Contraindications

Drugs can not always have a therapeutic effect. Sometimes there are side reactions after taking the drug. In some cases, worsening of the condition is noted when using the medication in the presence of contraindications.

Thus, the contraindications for the use of Cavinton forte include an acute period of hemorrhagic stroke, a severe stage of ischemic heart disease, severe rhythm disturbance and conduction of the nerve impulse in the myocardium.

In addition, the drug is not allowed to be used by pregnant women in order to avoid negative consequences in the form of bleeding and abortion, and it is not recommended to take Cavinton forte during the natural feeding of the baby.

Contraindications to the use of Cavinton Fort also do not allow its use in childhood, when children are under 18 years old.

The drug is not desirable to use in the presence of individual intolerance vinpocetine or additional components that are part of the drug. If a person has increased sensitivity to the drug, then the risk of adverse reactions increases.

Caution should be taken Cavinton forte with drugs that are able to increase the QT interval on an electrocardiogram when examining the work of the heart. In addition, it should be taken into account that the drug has 83 mg of lactose monohydrate, so with lactose intolerance, you must be extremely cautious.

Side effects Cavinton Fort

In most cases, the drug is well tolerated by a person, but nevertheless it is necessary to familiarize yourself with possible side effects that may occur if the dosage is not followed or due to the individual characteristics of the organism.

Side effects Cavinton forte are represented by various clinical symptoms that can manifest from any body system.

After a long reception of the drug, the blood picture may change, in particular, the number of white blood cells, platelets, red blood cells decreases, and it is also possible to glue the latter together.

The immune system can respond to the application of Cavinton forte in the form of hypersensitivity. On the part of metabolism, it is possible to increase cholesterol, reduce appetite and develop diabetes.

Side effects of Cavinton Fort from the side of the nervous system are the appearance of headache, insomnia, dizziness, euphoria, depression, tremor, seizures, amnesia and changes in the sensitivity of the skin.

In addition, redness of the conjunctiva of the eyes, swelling of the papilla of the optic nerve, a decrease in hearing and the appearance of noise in the ears are possible. From the heart, there is an increase in blood pressure and insufficient blood flow to the myocardium with the development of ischemia and myocardial infarction.

The digestive system can respond to Cavinton forte reception with uncomfortable sensations in the abdomen, dryness in the oral cavity, bowel disturbance, vomiting and stomatitis.

In some cases, the appearance of erythema, pruritus, rash, dermatitis and hyperhidrosis is observed on the skin. Among the common manifestations is to identify weakness, discomfort in the chest and a feeling of heat.

In addition, in the process of laboratory and instrumental studies, some deviations from the norm are possible, in the form of an increase in the level of triglycerides, a change in the quantitative composition of eosinophils, an increase in hepatic enzyme activity, and ST depression on the ECG.

Overdose

Since each tablet Cavinton forte has a strictly metered dosage, then if you follow the recommendations for the number of tablets taken, an overdose is virtually eliminated.

In some cases, taking the first pill three times a day for a long period of time is required. If you recalculate the main active ingredient - vinpocetine, you will get 60 mg, which is the maximum daily dosage for the tablet preparation. In this case, too, an overdose was not observed.

In addition, with a single intake of 360 mg vinpocetine, there were no clinical symptoms of an overdose on the side of the heart, vessels, or organs of the digestive system.

If after all the medication in a large dosage any uncomfortable sensations are noted, it is recommended to consult a doctor. Depending on the condition of the person, it is required to perform gastric lavage if the drug has been taken recently to prevent further entry of vinpocetine into the bloodstream.

In addition, it is necessary to monitor the heart, pulse and blood pressure. If possible, detoxification therapy should be used to reduce the concentration of vinpocetine in the bloodstream and accelerate its removal by "forced" diuresis.

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Interactions with other drugs

Due to the conducted studies it was found that Cavinton forte is well tolerated with other drugs, without strengthening or inhibiting their activity.

Interaction Cavinton forte with other drugs, for example, antihypertensive group - beta-blockers, is absolutely safe. It was tested while using Cavinton Fort with cloranol and pindolol.

In addition, the joint use of this drug with clopamid, cardiac glycosides (digoxin), sugar-lowering drugs (glibenclamide), acenocoumarol or diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide) did not lead to the emergence of side clinical effects.

Particular attention should be paid to the control of blood pressure, when Cavinton forte interacts with other drugs, such as alpha-methyldopa, resulting in some additional therapeutic effect of the latter.

Despite the fact that vinpocetine is used quite well with other drugs, nevertheless, while using it with drugs that can influence the nervous system, antiarrhythmics and anticoagulants, it is recommended to be extremely cautious.

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Storage conditions

The manufacturer of each drug specifies certain conditions for the storage of the drug in order to avoid the loss of its medicinal properties. The storage conditions of Cavinton Fort include compliance with temperature, humidity and light levels.

So, the maximum temperature should not exceed 30 degrees, and direct sunlight should be completely absent. If the sun hits the package or blister with the drug over a long time period, a change in the structure of the main active ingredient is observed. As a result, the drug changes its pharmacokinetic and pharmacological properties.

The storage conditions of Cavinton forte necessarily mean the location of the drug away from babies so that they do not have access to it. If the drug gets to the children, they can take it orally, which will cause poisoning, side reactions or an overdose. In any of these cases, Cavinton forte threatens the health and lives of babies.

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Shelf life

Considering the storage conditions of the medicinal product, it must be remembered that each drug has its expiration date, after which the medication can not be used.

Cavinton Fort has a 5-year shelf life, during which it has all the medicinal properties declared by the manufacturer. However, it should be noted that the drug may deteriorate before the indicated time of the last reception if the integrity of the outer packaging and the blister are violated as a result of exposure to direct sunlight, water or other negative factors for the drug.

Shelf life is a period of time with the date of manufacture of the medicinal product and the date of the last use. During this period, in the absence of contraindications, the drug is approved for use.