Calcium-D

The human body is a complex mechanism, functioning due to the multitude of chemical reactions and transformations of one substance into another. Nature has taken care that the necessary materials for life activity come from outside or produced by the body itself. But there are cases due to various life circumstances or failures in the system of assimilation of necessary resources, that this or that substance is limited in the participation of important transformations on which the healthy work of all systems and organs of man is based. Calcium-D is a drug that helps to eliminate calcium and vitamin D deficiency, imbalance of calcium and phosphorus in metabolic processes. 

[1]

Indications of the calcium-D

Indications for the use of the drug is to fill the deficit of these elements, necessary for the full-fledged existence of people whose diet does not receive due from food. Calcium-D is used to prevent and treat osteomalacia (softening of bones), rickets, as part of combined treatment of osteoporosis. The period of pregnancy, when there is a skeleton of the child in the womb, feeding the baby - the time of deficiency of calcium and vitamin D for women is also an occasion to take the drug. It is recommended to children after a month of life.

[2]

Release form

The form of the release of Calcium-D is syrup. It is sold in the pharmacies' network in vials, a measuring spoon containing divisions of 2.5 ml is applied to it.

[3], [4]

Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacodynamics drug - replenishment of the body with calcium, vitamin D, the regulation of the exchange between minerals, phosphorus and calcium.

Calcium is a chemical element that plays an important role in key processes occurring in the cells of living organisms. For a person, it is important in that it participates in blood clotting, bone formation, in the process of saturation of the teeth with minerals, transmission of the nerve impulse, muscle contractions, hormone production. With proper nutrition, sufficient consumption of dairy products, the body lacks this macroelement, the need for which adults is 1-1.2 g per day, children - 1.3 g. In childhood and adolescence, it is very important to obtain the necessary rate of mineral, because the skeleton is growing intensively. Strength of bone is formed not only by calcium, in this takes part and phosphorus, which is also an important energy carrier. Calcium absorption is impossible without vitamin D. The tandem of these three elements ensures the normal functioning of bone and other human systems. Calcium-D also prevents the synthesis of parathyroid hormone, which stimulates calcium leaching out of the bones.

[5], [6], [7], [8]

Pharmacokinetics

Consider the pharmacokinetics of each element of the drug separately. A third of the calcium is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, of which 99% is concentrated in solid structures: bones, teeth. It is excreted from the body with urine, then, feces.

Vitamin D3 is absorbed in the small intestine, passes a number of metabolic transformations first in the liver, then in the kidneys. It is brought out with feces and urine. That part of the vitamin, which did not participate in these processes, remains in fat and muscle tissues. 

[9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14],

Dosing and administration

The method of administration and dose depends on the age and clinical state of the patient. To prevent diseases associated with lack of calcium and vitamin D, the following doses are recommended:

• To newborn babies up to 6 months 7.5 ml divided into 3 doses added to boiled water or breast milk;
• for six months to children 6 years - 2.5ml 3 times a day;
• six years old and adults - 2.5ml once;
• pregnant and lactating - 5ml twice a day.

Calcium D is taken shortly before or during meals. With prolonged exposure to sun, the dose of the drug is reduced by half. The course of treatment is determined individually, and on average it is 2 months. 

[19], [20], [21], [22]

Use of the calcium-D during pregnancy

Calcium and phosphorus are the basic building blocks of the future child's bone system, besides, metabolic processes in any cell can not do without them: in the formation of the central nervous system, the muscular structures of the internal organs, including the heart muscle. Unequivocally, that during pregnancy, the need for calcium, vitamin D increases, so it is important to balance the intake of these substances in the womb of the mother and ensure the full development and growth of the fetus. Even with a good nutrition of a woman, the use of the drug during pregnancy will only help in this.

Contraindications

Despite the many positive aspects of the drug, it also has contraindications for use. First of all, calcium-D is not recommended for people with hypersensitivity to one of its components and overdose of vitamin D. The taboo for taking the drug is imposed by such diagnoses as hypercalcemia - high calcium content in the blood (more than 2.5 mmol / l) and, as a consequence, hypercalciuria - excess of the norm in urine (more than 4 mg / kg per day). Do not prescribe the drug for urolithiasis, decalcifying tumors, renal failure, endocrine system disease caused by excessive synthesis of parathyroid hormone, osteoporosis, coupled with immobility.

[15], [16]

Side effects of the calcium-D

Side effects of taking the drug were rare, for the most part it is well tolerated to patients, with the exception of rare cases of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, flatulence. 

[17], [18]

Overdose

Overdosing of the drug leads to the appearance of hypercalcemia, which manifests itself with nausea, headache, dizziness, weakness. In this condition, you need to drink a large amount of water, stop taking medication, limit the foods containing calcium in the diet. Further efforts to focus on specific symptoms.

[23], [24], [25], [26]

Interactions with other drugs

Calcium-D promotes absorption of iron preparations, tetracycline group and fluorine-containing ones. Simultaneous use with organic compounds of digitalis enhances its effect on the body, and with the synthetic antibiotics of the quinolone group reduces the absorption of calcium. It is best to dissolve in time the treatment with these drugs. For people taking thiazide diuretics, calcium-D can cause hypercalcemia.

[27], [28], [29]

Storage conditions

The storage conditions of the preparation do not differ from the content of other medicines: dryness, protection from moisture and bright sunlight, at an air temperature of no more than 25 ° C and, naturally, out of reach of children.

[30], [31], [32], [33], [34]

Shelf life

3 years.

[35], [36], [37], [38], [39],