Biseptol

Biseptol contains the active ingredient co-trimoxazole, which includes a combination of 2 antimicrobial substances in a 5k1 ratio (sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim). The principle of the therapeutic effect of co-trimoxazole is associated with a double blocking of metabolic processes inside bacterial cells. Trimethoprim with sulfamethoxazole affects the processes of folate biosynthesis inside the pathogenic cells of microbes. [1]

The antibacterial effect of the drug covers a wide range of gram-negative as well as-positive pathogenic bacteria. [2]

Indications Biseptol

It is used for the following violations:

• lesions of the ENT organs and respiratory tract: otitis media, tonsillitis, active and chronic form of bronchitis , pneumonia (also provoked by Pneumocystis carinii) and pharyngitis ;
• infections in the urogenital system: urethritis, active and chronic forms of cystitis, pyelonephritis, chancre and prostatitis;
• infections affecting the digestive system: paratyphoid fever, cholera, typhoid fever, shigellosis (provoked by susceptible strains of Flexner's Shigella and Sonne's Shigella, when antibacterial treatment is carried out) and traveler's diarrhea, provoked by enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli;
• other bacterial infections: brucellosis, toxoplasmosis, active and chronic stage of osteomyelitis and nocardiosis. [3]

Release form

The release of a therapeutic agent is made in tablets with a volume of 0.1 g / 20 mg (20 pieces inside the package) and 0.4 g / 80 mg (14 or 20 pieces inside the pack).

It is also sold in the form of a suspension (in 80 ml vials) and in the form of a concentrate for the manufacture of infusion liquid (inside 5 ml ampoules - 10 pieces inside a box).

Dosing and administration

For adolescents over 12 years of age and adults, tablets (0.4 g / 80 mg) are prescribed in a portion of 2 pieces 2 times a day. In the case of severe violations, the maximum daily dosage is used - up to 3 tablets per use.

For children 6-12 years of age, 30 mg / kg of sulfamethoxazole and 6 mg / kg of trimethoprim can be used per day. The dosage is divided into 2 uses - in the morning and in the evening.

Biseptol should be used after meals with plain water.

The suspension is taken for children of 2-5 months of age in a portion of 2.5 ml, for persons of 0.5-5 years of age - 5 ml, and for children from 5 years of age - 10 ml 2 times a day.

The infusion concentrate is injected exclusively by the intravenous method. Dilution of the medication should be done immediately before use. Adolescents over 12 years of age and adults are injected with 10 ml of the drug (2 ampoules) 2 times a day. For a child under the age of 12, the dosage is calculated taking into account the weight; you need to inject the medicine 2 times a day.

• Application for children

In the form of an infusion concentrate, the drug can be used from 1.5 months, and in the form of a suspension - from 2 months of age.

Use Biseptol during pregnancy

It is forbidden to prescribe Biseptol during pregnancy and hepatitis B.

Contraindications

The main contraindications:

• severe intolerance to medicinal elements (among them sulfonamide derivatives, hypoglycemic sulfonylureas and thiazide-type diuretics);
• failure of the liver, active form of hepatitis, hepatic dysfunction;
• blood lesions, megaloblastic anemia, hematopoietic disorders, G6PD deficiency and severe hematological disorders;
• severe kidney failure;
• the use of drugs during the period of chemotherapy.

Side effects Biseptol

When using the recommended dosages, the medication is usually tolerated without complications. Often, side signs associated with the work of the gastrointestinal tract (nausea, loss of appetite, vomiting) and the epidermis (urticaria, rashes) develop. Candidiasis may develop.

Occasionally, there may be manifestations dangerous to health: TEN, active form of hepatonecrosis and SJS.

Overdose

Signs of acute poisoning: vomiting, cephalalgia, hepatitis, nausea, confusion and mental disorders. Among the manifestations of chronic intoxication: nausea, drowsiness, loss of appetite, diarrhea, fever, loss of consciousness and colicky pain.

In the event of symptoms of intoxication, it is required to induce vomiting and consume large amounts of liquid.

With an overdose of the chronic type, leukopenia or megaloblastic anemia develops, as well as suppression of the function of the spinal cord. In this case, it is necessary to use leucovorin.

Interactions with other drugs

The introduction of Biseptol together with NSAIDs, dipentin, barbiturates, hypoglycemic derivatives of sulfonylureas, anticoagulants increases the likelihood of developing side symptoms.

The use of C-vitamin increases blood levels of salicylates, which can lead to crystalluria.

It is forbidden to combine trimethoprim with dofetilide.

The medication weakens the reliability of oral contraceptives.

Co-trimoxazole increases serum digoxin values.

Biseptol slows down the metabolic processes of phenytoin.

When tricyclics are used together with a medicine, their therapeutic effect is weakened.

In older people, when combining drugs with individual diuretics, the likelihood of thrombocytopenia increases.

The introduction of the drug together with pyrimethamine (used as a means of preventing malaria in portions of more than 25 mg per week) can lead to megaloblastic anemia.

Storage conditions

Biseptol must be kept out of the reach of small children. Temperature level - no more than 25 ° С.

Shelf life

Biseptol can be used for a 5-year term from the moment the medicinal product was sold.

Analogs

Analogues of drugs are the substances Sumetrolim, Bactrim with Bi-sept, Bactiseptol and Bi-Tol.