Betamax

Betamax is a neuroleptic antidepressant.

Indications Betamaxa

It is used to treat the following disorders:

• delirious disorder;
• having an acute or chronic degree of schizophrenia;
• a state of depression in which there is a deterioration in speech and motor activity, as well as inhibition;
• neurotic disorders and neuroses;
• dizziness of various origins (due to TBI, vestibular neuritis, otitis media, VBN or Meniere's syndrome);
• ulcer or IBS (as an adjuvant treatment).

Release form

The product is sold in tablets, 10 pieces per blister pack. A separate box contains 3 such packs with tablets.

Pharmacodynamics

Betamax is an atypical neuroleptic. It has antiemetic, stimulant and antidepressant properties. It does not have a hypnotic effect when taken in a standard dosage. The antipsychotic effect can be explained by blocking the activity of D2-endings of dopamine (this effect is manifested when using dosages over 0.6 g / day). The antidepressant effect is noted when using up to 0.6 g / day.

The antiemetic effect is provided by the process of blocking the D2-endings of dopamine inside the vomiting center. During an ulcer, the drug inhibits the process of excitation of the sympathetic NS, promotes increased gastric secretion of mucus and improves blood supply inside the stomach, and in addition, increases the rate of restoration of the mucous membrane and healing of lesions caused by the ulcer.

The drug stimulates the process of prolactin secretion. It does not affect the activity of serotonin, adrenergic and histamine endings.

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration, Cmax values are noted after 2-3 hours. Bioavailability values are approximately 27%. Less than 40% of the drug is synthesized with blood protein. It does not participate in metabolic processes.

The drug is excreted unchanged through the kidneys. In people with severe renal failure, the half-life is about 20-26 hours. The active element of the drug penetrates into breast milk.

Dosing and administration

The medication is taken orally, without reference to food intake. It is recommended to take a tablet before 4 pm, as the drug has a stimulating effect. The dosage is determined by the type of pathology and the severity of clinical symptoms. Below are the sizes of the corresponding portions for different diseases.

In acute delirium or schizophrenia, 0.6-1.2 g of the drug is taken per day. The maximum total dose allowed for daily use is 1.6 g.

In depressive states – take 0.15-0.2 g of the drug in several doses. A maximum of 0.6 g is allowed per day.

For neuroses, the prescribed dose is 0.4-0.6 g/day.

Dizziness of various origins – use 0.15-0.2 g of the drug per day. If necessary, the dose can be increased to 0.4 g. Duration of therapy is a maximum of 2 weeks.

For migraine attacks – take 0.1-0.3 g of the drug per day.

Elderly people are prescribed half of the adult portion. If use is required in pregnant women, it is prescribed in small portions and for a short time.

It should also be noted that during the therapy it is forbidden to drive a car, and in addition to this, to drink alcoholic beverages. If hyperthermia develops, it is necessary to stop using the drug.

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Use Betamaxa during pregnancy

Use during pregnancy.

Animal tests have shown a reduction in fertility caused by the drug's action (prolactin-mediated effect). However, the tests have not shown any indirect or direct effects on the course of pregnancy, fetal development or postnatal development.

Since there is not enough clinical information regarding the use of Betamax during pregnancy, its use during this period is prohibited.

In relation to the human body, there is only isolated information regarding the effect of the drug on the course of pregnancy. Almost always, problems in the development of the fetus or newborn, which were discussed in connection with the use of sulpiride during pregnancy, had more plausible alternative explanations. But, in any case, since the experience of using sulpride in pregnant women is very limited, it should not be taken.

If a woman took antipsychotics in the 3rd trimester, the newborn may develop negative manifestations, including extrapyramidal disorders or signs of drug withdrawal, which have varying degrees of severity and duration. Negative symptoms include: hypo- or hypertonicity, a feeling of excitement or drowsiness, tremor, nutritional disorders, and respiratory problems. Because of this, the baby's condition must be closely monitored.

Use during lactation.

Because sulpiride is excreted in breast milk, breastfeeding is prohibited during therapy.

Contraindications

Main contraindications:

• psychosis of a manic nature;
• aggression and affective disorders;
• hyperprolactinemia;
• intoxication caused by opiates, alcohol or sleeping pills;
• seizures;
• neoplasms caused by prolactin activity;
• pheochromocytoma;
• shaking palsy;
• increased blood pressure values, which are pronounced;
• the presence of intolerance to the medication.

Caution is required when used in people with Parkinsonism, high seizure readiness, dysmenorrhea, epilepsy, angina and menstrual disorders, as well as with kidney problems, glaucoma, liver failure and prostate hyperplasia.

Side effects Betamaxa

The use of Betamax may provoke the following disorders:

• a feeling of drowsiness, severe sedation and dizziness. Occasionally, sleep disturbances, aphasia, a feeling of agitation, and extrapyramidal disorder are observed;
• increased blood pressure and orthostatic collapse (rarely);
• heartburn, dry mouth, constipation or vomiting;
• menstrual cycle disorder or hyperprolactinemia;
• itching and rashes on the skin;
• hyperhidrosis and increased temperature;
• weight gain and swelling.

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Overdose

Signs of intoxication include nausea, sedation, increased blood pressure, blurred vision, extrapyramidal disorders, and vomiting. In addition, dry mouth, hyperhidrosis, spasms of the masticatory muscles, and a comatose state.

Symptomatic measures are used to eliminate manifestations. The use of centrally acting anticholinergics is prescribed.

Interactions with other drugs

Sulpiride potentiates the sedative effect of benzodiazepines and barbiturates, as well as alcoholic beverages, opiates and antihistamines.

When combined with levodopa, mutual antagonism develops, weakening the drug's effectiveness.

The use of antihypertensive drugs may cause orthostatic collapse.

Sucralfate, as well as antacids and magnesium- and aluminum-containing medications, reduce the bioavailability of Betamax.

Antagonistic effects develop when neuroleptics are combined with dopamine ending agonists (among them amantadine, cabergoline, apomorphine and piribedil with bromocriptine, as well as lisuride with pergolide, entacapone with quinagolide and pramipexole with ropinirole). If extrapyramidal disorders develop, anticholinergic agents should be prescribed.

Ventricular tachycardia develops when the drug is combined with the following agents:

• antiarrhythmic drugs of category 1A and 3, as well as neuroleptics (droperidol, chlorpromazine, haloperidol, as well as levomepromazine, thioridazine with amisulpride, and also cyamemazine, tiapride and trifluoperazine);
• medications that provoke the development of bradycardia (such as guanfacine with diltiazem, verapamil, clonidine with digitalis drugs, rivastigmine, donepezil, galantamine with tacrine, as well as β-blockers, neostigmine, pyridostigmine and bentonium chloride);
• drugs that provoke the development of hypokalemia (laxatives or diuretics, tetracosactide, amphotericin B and GCS).

Combination with sultopride, which blocks the activity of dopamine endings, increases the likelihood of ventricular arrhythmia.

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Storage conditions

Betamax must be kept at temperatures up to 25°C.

Shelf life

Betamax can be used within 24 months from the date of release of the drug.

Application for children

Betamax is prescribed to persons aged 18 years and over.

Analogues

Analogues of the drug are the drugs Sulpiride, Sulpiril, Belupo and Eglek with Depral, and in addition Eglonil, Dogmatil and Vero-Sulpiride.

Reviews

Betamax, judging by the reviews on forums, is often used in the treatment of depression, panic attacks and neuroses. It is mainly used for a long time, in outpatient settings.

But many also took it in complex therapy of gastrointestinal diseases. It was prescribed for the treatment of colitis, ulcers and cholecystitis.

It is reported that the drug relieved not only psychosomatic disorders (such as depression, anxiety and neurosis) observed against the background of gastrointestinal diseases, but also dyspeptic symptoms (including nausea, flatulence and belching), and in addition, stabilized the motility of the gastrointestinal tract and gall bladder. For such pathologies, the drug was prescribed in small portions (0.15 g per day, divided into 3 uses), and it was tolerated without complications and the development of negative symptoms.

Negative symptoms in reviews included increased prolactin levels, decreased blood pressure, increased appetite, swelling, and weight gain. Sleep disturbances occurred with prolonged use.

Extrapyramidal disorders are a side effect characteristic of any neuroleptic (especially triftazine, aminazine and fluphenazine). Atypical neuroleptics, including clozapine, sulpiride and risperidone with Betamax, are much safer in this regard. Their positive feature is that they only occasionally cause symptoms of Parkinsonism, and even those are very mild.