B-mox

B-mox (international name - Amoxicillin) is a preparation of the penicillin group and belongs to the pharmacological group of systemic antibacterial drugs.

[1]

Indications of the b-moxa

Among the indications for the use of the antibacterial preparation B-moxas are the following diseases caused by infectious agents: angina, bacterial pharyngitis, acute otitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, acute and chronic infectious diseases of the urinary tract (urethritis, pyelonephritis, etc.), infectious skin and soft skin lesions tissues, pathology of biliary tract and gastrointestinal tract of a microbial nature, as well as acute gonorrhea. B-mox is recommended for use in the complex therapy of chronic forms of gastritis, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, etiologically associated with the Gram-negative bacterium Helicobacter pylori.

Release form

The form of this drug: hard gelatin capsules of yellow color with a gray lid; 1 capsule contains 250 mg of amoxicillin and ancillary substances (starch and talc).

[2], [3]

Pharmacodynamics

The active substance of the preparation B-mox is a semisynthetic antibiotic of the penicillin group amoxicillin - it has an active antimicrobial effect against gram-positive microorganisms (Staphylococcus spp., And strains that do not produce penicillinase, Streptococcus spp., Etc.), Gram-negative aerobes (Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Proteus mirabilis , Escherichia coli), Helicobacter pylori, and also Salmonella spp. And Shigella spp.

The drug slows the production of the enzyme transpeptidase, which is a catalyst for the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. Thus, the process of protein synthesis of the cell wall of microorganisms is disrupted, which leads to the termination of their development and the destruction of cells of pathogenic microbes.

[4], [5], [6]

Pharmacokinetics

After internal administration of B-moxas, more than 90% of the active substance is rapidly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and spreads through tissues and body fluids. After 1-2 hours, the maximum concentration of amoxicillin in the blood plasma is reached; 20% of the antibiotic binds to plasma proteins.

The half-life of the drug is 60-70 minutes. Almost 60% of the accepted dose of the drug, mostly unchanged, is excreted in the urine (within 8 hours); some part is secreted through the digestive tract and lungs. With kidney dysfunction, the rate of cleansing of the body of metabolites is reduced, which increases the concentration of the drug in the blood plasma.

[7]

Dosing and administration

The dosage of the drug and the duration of the course of treatment of B-mox are determined by the physician individually, depending on the severity of the disease and the sensitivity of its pathogen to the penicillins.

Adults and children over 10 years of age are prescribed 500 mg of amoxicillin every 8 hours, the daily dose is 1.5 g. In severe infections, an increase in dose is permissible: 1 g three times a day - with 8-hour intervals. Treatment of B-moxx presupposes taking the medication within 48-72 hours after the disappearance of the symptoms of the disease. A particular indication relates to the appointment of B-mox for the expressed renal failure of patients. In such a situation, a single dose of this medication is reduced, or the interval between its doses increases (from 8 to 12 hours).

[14], [15], [16],

Use of the b-moxa during pregnancy

B-moxas penetrates the blood-brain barrier. The fetal action category on the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) -B scale (that is, animal studies did not reveal any risk to the fetus, no human studies were performed).

The use of B-moxa during pregnancy and during lactation is possible provided that the expected benefit for the pregnant woman and lactating mother exceeds the potential risk to the fetus or the baby.

Contraindications

Contraindications to the use of B-mox include individual sensitivity to the drug or its components and the presence in the history of an allergy to antibiotics of the cephalosporin and penicillin series. This drug is contraindicated in severe hepatic insufficiency; in the treatment of infections caused by micro-organisms insensitive to the preparation (especially pseudomonas and staphylococci). B-mox is not prescribed for bronchial asthma, secondary infections for infectious mononucleosis, and for lymphocytic leukemia. Children under 10 years of age should not be prescribed capsule formulation.

[8], [9], [10]

Side effects of the b-moxa

During the administration of B-moxic medicine, allergic reactions may occur in the form of exanthema, hives and itching, as well as systemic allergic reactions of immediate type. From the side of the digestive system, such manifestations as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea are possible.

In rare cases, patients with reduced resistance to the organism and chronic diseases against the background of treatment with B-moxic can develop superinfection.
 

[11], [12], [13]

Overdose

B-mox does not cause specific signs, although a more intense manifestation of the side effects of this drug is possible. In case of exceeding the recommended doses, the stomach is washed and an intake of activated charcoal is prescribed.

[17], [18], [19]

Interactions with other drugs

B-mox, as well as other drugs containing amoxicillin, are not prescribed together with antimicrobial agents that act bacteriostatically (macrolides, lincosamides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides). Simultaneous use of B-mox and protivodagricheskogo means allopurinol increases the likelihood of skin rash. A simultaneous reception with antacids (drugs that neutralize the hydrochloric acid of gastric juice) reduces the absorption of amoxicillin and its therapeutic effect.

The interaction of B-mox with indirect anticoagulants (with such antithrombotic drugs as warfarin, dicumarol, phenylin) increases their effectiveness - by suppressing the intestinal microflora and reducing the production of vitamin K. Also, B-moxes can significantly reduce the effect of hormonal oral contraceptives.

[20], [21], [22]

Storage conditions

Storage conditions - dry, protected from light, optimum storage temperature - + 18-25 ° С.

[23], [24]

Shelf life

Shelf life of the drug is 24 months.