Avelox

Avelox is effective against multiresistant, anaerobic, gram-positive, gram-negative, atypical microorganisms, and also has a rapid and long-lasting effect. In addition, the drug is quite well tolerated by patients.

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Indications Avelox

Avelox is used for infections of the ENT organs of the lungs, skin and soft tissues, as well as for infections of the genital organs (chlamydia, gonorrhea) and intra-abdominal infections.

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Release form

Avelox is available in two forms: tablets for oral administration and solutions for intravenous administration.

Avelox tablets are available in blister packs of 5 or 7 tablets.

Avelox infusion solution is available in glass vials sealed in cardboard packaging. Each vial contains 250 ml of liquid for drip administration. The solution is also available in a sealed polyolefin bag with a capacity of 250 ml.

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Pharmacodynamics

Avelox is an antibiotic from the group of fluoroquinolones of the new generation. The drug is effective against a large number of pathogenic microorganisms. When entering the body, moxifloxacin provokes a violation of the DNA of atypical cells, as a result of which they die.

Avelox is active and destructive for many gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, as well as chlamydia, mycoplasma, legionella, ureaplasma, and anaerobic infections.

In addition, the drug helps to cope with bacteria that are resistant to penicillin antibacterial drugs.

The antibacterial activity of the drug is not impaired by the mechanisms that develop resistance to tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, and macrolides in microorganisms. Resistance to the active substance, moxifloxacin, develops in bacteria rather slowly, mainly through long-term mutations. In addition, moxifloxacin is active against some quinolone-resistant anaerobic and gram-positive microorganisms.

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Pharmacokinetics

Avelox is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract almost completely in a fairly short period of time. After taking one dose (400 mg), the maximum concentration of the active substance in the blood is observed after 1 to 4 hours. When taking the drug during meals, the achievement of the maximum concentration in the blood increases by 2 hours. Food intake does not affect the absorption of the drug in the gastrointestinal tract, so it can be taken at a convenient time.

The use of Avelox infusion significantly increases the therapeutic effect of the drug.

The active substance is quickly distributed throughout the organs and tissues of the body. The highest concentration of the drug is observed in the subcutaneous structures and soft tissues, lung tissue, nasal sinuses, bronchial mucosa, and in inflammation foci. Also, fairly high doses of the drug accumulate in the abdominal organs, female genital organs, and peritoneal fluid.

The drug is excreted after the second phase of biotransformation in urine and feces in the form of inactive metabolites, approximately 19-25% is excreted unchanged. The half-life is about 12 hours.

Pharmacokinetic parameters are not dependent on the patient's age and gender. No studies have been conducted on the pharmacokinetics of moxifloxacin in children.

No particular differences in pharmacokinetics were found in patients with minor renal or hepatic impairment.

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Dosing and administration

Avelox tablets are taken orally, washed down with a small amount, not chewed, the drug intake does not depend on food intake and can be at any convenient time. A single dose per day is 400 mg, which is contained in one tablet.

Avelox solution is administered intravenously once a day at 400 mg.

Intravenous solution of Ayvelox is prescribed for a maximum of 14 days, tablets – up to 21 days.

Selection of an individual dosage in case of minor disturbances in the functioning of the liver, kidneys, as well as for patients who are undergoing artificial purification of blood from toxins, is not required.

The intravenous solution is administered by drip over an hour. Avelox can be administered directly in pure form or diluted with special solutions (sodium chloride, ionsteryl, water for injection, etc.). Only transparent solutions should be used.

The drug should be used with extreme caution in severe forms of renal failure. The drug should be taken under the supervision of a physician.

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Use Avelox during pregnancy

Since the safety of using Avelox during pregnancy has not been proven, its use is contraindicated during this period.

It has been established that moxifloxacin appears in small amounts in breast milk, but there is no data on the use of the drug by women who are breastfeeding, so the use of the drug during breastfeeding is prohibited.

Studies conducted on animals have shown that mokifloxacin can penetrate the placental barrier. Also, animals that were administered the drug in a therapeutic dose experienced frequent miscarriages, the birth of a fetus with a lower weight, and a slight increase in the duration of gestation.

Contraindications

Avelox should not be prescribed to pregnant women or during breastfeeding. The drug is not recommended for use by people under 18 years of age or with increased sensitivity to some of the components of the drug.

Avelox should be used with extreme caution in diseases with CNS lesions (especially in those prone to seizures), bradycardia, severe forms of liver failure, in combination with drugs that correct the electrophysiological properties of the heart (increasing the QT interval), and acute myocardial ischemia.

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Side effects Avelox

After taking Avelox, in some cases, rapid heartbeat, fainting, decreased blood pressure, and flushing may occur. In extremely rare cases, ventricular arrhythmia, nonspecific arrhythmia, and cardiac arrest (in patients with bradycardia, acute myocardial ischemia) may occur.

Less frequently, shortness of breath is observed (in some cases, asthma develops).

Quite often after taking the drug, nausea (vomiting), upset stomach, less often a complete refusal to eat, abdominal pain, constipation, increased gas formation, inflammatory processes of the gastrointestinal tract, impaired liver function, cholestatic hepatitis are observed, in very rare cases, fulminant hepatitis develops, with severe renal failure, which poses a serious threat to life.

Taking Avelox quite often provokes headaches and dizziness. Less common are drowsiness, confusion, trembling of the limbs, vertigo (a feeling of constant movement around you). Much less common are impaired coordination, attention, memory loss, speech disorders, depressive states (sometimes with a tendency to suicide or self-harm), hallucinations.

Also, taking the drug can cause dysfunction of the sense organs (vision, taste buds), tinnitus is rarely observed. Avelox can lead to thrombocytosis, leukopenia, anemia, muscle pain, inflammation of tendons, joints, and damage to the musculoskeletal system can also be observed.

In women, after taking this antibiotic, it often provokes vaginal inflammation and candidal infection (thrush).

In elderly patients, the drug may cause kidney dysfunction.

In rare cases, various skin reactions (severe erythema, epidermal necrolysis), various manifestations of allergies (itching, rash, anaphylactic shock, swelling of the larynx, etc.) develop; an increase in blood sugar, an increase in the concentration of urea in the blood, etc. are also possible.

After taking Avelox, the patient may feel general malaise (weakness, sweating, pain), and in rare cases, swelling may appear.

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Overdose

There is insufficient data on overdose of myoflaxacin. No specific data have been recorded after taking a dose of up to 1200 mg at a time, or after taking 600 mg daily for ten or more days.

If overdose symptoms appear, first of all, it is necessary to pay attention to the clinical picture and conduct treatment aimed at eliminating symptoms and supporting the body. With increased oral intake of the drug, activated carbon tablets will help reduce the systemic effect of moxifloxacin on the body.

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Interactions with other drugs

Concomitant administration of Avelox with Ranitidine reduces the absorption of moxifloxacin in the gastrointestinal tract.

Vitamin and mineral preparations, drugs that reduce stomach acidity reduce the therapeutic effect of Avelox. Sorbent drugs slow down the absorption of moxifloxacin in the intestine, as a result the therapeutic effect is reduced by more than 80%.

Avelox has little effect on the pharmacological activity of Digoxin.

Corticosteroid drugs in combination with Avelox increase the likelihood of tendon inflammation.

The solution for intravenous administration is not compatible with sodium bicarbonate 4.2-8.4%,
NaCl 10-20%.

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Storage conditions

Avelox tablets should be stored in the original packaging, in a well-protected place from direct sunlight. The storage temperature should not exceed 25°C.

The solution for intravenous administration should be stored in the original bottle, in a dry place, away from direct sunlight. Store at a temperature of no more than 25°C, do not freeze. After dilution with solvents, the Avelox solution retains its activity for 24 hours. Avelox is not stored in the refrigerator.

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Shelf life

The shelf life of Avelox is 5 years from the date of manufacture, provided that storage rules are followed and the original packaging is not damaged.

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