Antibiotics for boils

It is difficult to imagine the treatment of furunculosis without antibiotic therapy. Antibiotics for furuncles in most cases form the basis of treatment, as they inhibit the development of microbes in the inflammatory foci, remove the inflammatory process, contribute to the restoration of damaged tissues.

The list of antimicrobials that are recommended for use in boils is quite wide. By what principle are antibiotics chosen for this disease? Which antibiotic is better for furuncles? We will try to answer all the questions.

[1], [2]

Indications for use of antibiotics for boils

With a separate uncomplicated single furuncle, the use of antibiotics is not considered mandatory. Antibiotic therapy is prescribed:

• with furuncles located in the face (with or without complications);
• with boils, where complications are inflammation of lymph nodes and vessels;
• with abscessed boils;
• with furunculosis (multiple appearance of boils).

Indication for the use of antibiotics is chronic furunculosis, isolated recurrent furuncles. Treatment with antibiotics can be supplemented with vitamin therapy, immunostimulating therapy, as well as specific treatment for the detection of predisposing causes of the disease. Often recommend compliance with diet, physiotherapy, cosmetic procedures.

Antibiotics for furuncles on the face

Furuncles on the face, in the overwhelming majority, are subject to autopsy followed by the establishment of drainage. If the process of furuncles formation is chronic or abscessed, the doctor can prescribe antibiotics of a wide range of effects, which will help prevent complications and promote the early healing of the inflammatory focus.

Antibiotics for furuncles on the face can be prescribed even before the boil opens. Once opened, the antibiotic can be revised to take into account the sensitivity of pathogenic microorganisms to antimicrobial agents.

More often than others can be appointed:

• macrolide preparations (macropen, sumamed, erythromycin);
• penicillin series (ampicillin, amoxicillin, ampioks);
• cephalosporin series (ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, cefazolin);
• a series of aminoglycosides (gentamicin, amikacin, monomycin);
• tetracycline series (doxycycline, tetracycline).

External antimicrobial therapy of furunculosis in the face is rarely used, as ointments and lotions can soften the delicate skin of the face and promote the spread of infection.

[7], [8]

Antibiotic for nasal boil

Antibiotics for furuncles of the nose are prescribed after local treatment of the inflammatory focus by an antiseptic (alcohol solution, furacilin, salicylic alcohol). If the furuncle is located on the nasal mucosa, then use antibacterial ointments and creams. Inside used antibiotics a wide range. Practice treatment of methicillin, erythromycin, chainin, oleandomycin, metacycline and other drugs. As additional funds use vitamin-mineral complexes, immunostimulants, external means (for example, baktroban). In uncomplicated cases, sulfonamides (sulfadimethoxin, norsulfazole, etc.) are used.

In the acute phase of the process, you can take antibiotics penicillin series, courses such drugs as bicillin, ampicillin, since often other antibiotics do not have the expected effect.

It should be noted that the appointment of antibiotics with a single uncomplicated furuncle is optional. Antibiotic therapy is considered expedient only for multiple, complicated or recurring boils, and also for chronic course of furunculosis.

Antibiotics for furuncles in the groin

With the widespread process of furuncles in the groin apply oxacillin, methicillin (w / m), erythromycin, tetracycline. Treatment, as a rule, lasts not less than a week. After 5 days, repeat the course. Total treatment should consist of 2 or 3 courses, depending on the situation. You can use other antibiotics if the sensitivity of pathogenic flora to antimicrobials is known. Additionally, sulfadimethoxin, vitamin therapy, immunostimulants are prescribed. In some cases, the use of staphylococcal vaccine, staphylococcal anatoxin, antifagin, antistaphylococcal immunoglobulin and other drugs in combination with nonspecific immunostimulating agents.

Often prescribe phyprocedures using antibiotics. Most often this is phonophoresis ointment with an antibiotic: neomycin, gentamicin, levomycetin ointment.

[9], [10]

Antibiotics for boils under the armpit

Antibiotics for furuncles under the arm are prescribed depending on the stage of the inflammatory process (maturation, dissection or healing).

In uncomplicated furuncles under the arm, systemic therapy is usually not practiced. Only external treatment is used:

• wiping with boric or salicylic alcohol solution (2%);
• lubrication with pure ichthyol;
• lubrication with antibiotic solution in dimexide.

After the wound has cleared, apply powder and ointments with antibiotics and sulfonamides.

With boils under the arm can not:

• put compresses (both alcoholic and antibiotic);
• squeeze out the boil, especially at the initial stage.

In some cases it is necessary to resort to puncture of the abscess, sucking out the purulent contents and inserting solutions of the antibiotic or staphylococcal bacteriophage into the cavity of the focus.

Antibiotics for furuncle in ear

To treat the boil in the ear in most situations, injections of antibiotics are used:

• Penicillin series with antistaphylococcal activity;
• tetracycline series;
• macrolide antibiotics in complex with sulfanilamide agents.

Antibiotics for furuncles in the ear are necessary in order to avoid complications, because the inner surface of the ear is pretty close to the vital zones of the brain.

With relapsing boils used drugs penicillin series (preferably semisynthetic), for example, benedictine or vibromycin.

In chronic ear acupuncture, staphylococcal vaccine, anatoxin, antistaphylococcal immunoglobulin, and in severe cases - antilymphocytic immunoglobulin are prescribed.

Also, antibiotics can be used topically, as powders, ointments, or for physiotherapy procedures.

[11], [12]

Antibiotics for boils for children

Statistics say that more than 80% of children in our country take antibiotics without good reason. After all, antibiotics have a lot of side effects, which does not have the best effect on the health of the child. In fact, antibiotics for boils for children are considered appropriate only in 5-10% of cases, and even then only with the appearance of complications of furuncles.

When antibiotics are prescribed for furuncles in children:

• if there is a danger of spreading the infection (in such cases, the furuncle is beaten with an antibiotic solution);
• if the child is operated on to open a purulent focus (after the operation, they are prescribed a general antibiotic therapy);
• if the process is not limited to a single furuncle, and extensive furunculosis develops (use local and general antibiotic treatment);
• if the child has independently tried to open an unripe furuncle (especially if it is located in the face or on the scalp).

An antibiotic is prescribed by a pediatrician individually, depending on the child's age, weight, and the stage of the disease.

What antibiotic for furuncles?

What antibiotics are most often used in the treatment of boils:

• penicillin series - amoxiclav, ampicillin, amoxicillin - one of the first known antibiotics, which are successfully used to this day;
• cephalosporin series - ceftriaxone, cefazolin, cefotaxime, etc. - are often prescribed for ineffectiveness of antibiotics of a number of penicillins;
• gentamycin (aminoglycoside) - affects the staphylococci, resistant to penicillins. Not applicable in pregnancy and pediatrics;
• tetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used in the form of tablets and topical preparations;
• levomitsetin - acts on bacteria resistant to penicillins, streptomycin and sulfanilamide preparations. A very strong drug, so its use in pregnancy and in pediatrics is strongly discouraged. Has many side effects.

Ointments with antibiotics for boils:

• gentamycin - is produced in a tube of 15-80 g;
• tetracycline - a tube of 100 g;
• levomitsetinovaja - is made in the form of a dense liniment in a tube (25 and 30 g) or in a jar (25 or 60 g);
• ointment levomekol - a combination of antibiotic levomitsetina and restoring means of methyluracil;
• sintomitsinovaya ointment - a drug similar in action to levomitsetinom. Produced in jars of 25 g.

Dosing and Administration

Antibiotics of the penicillin series are adopted as follows:

• ampicillin - inside by 0.5 g 4-5 times a day, or in / m injections of 0.25-0.5 g per day. Duration of treatment - an average of 5 to 20 days;
• amoxicillin - inside by 0.5 g three times a day;
• amoxiclav - take 1 tablet (dissolved in water) 375 mg every 8 hours.

Cephalosporin antibiotics:

• Cefazolin - 0.5 to 1 g intramuscularly every 6-8 hours;
• ceftriaxone - 0.5 to 1 g IM once a day. Duration of treatment is individual;
• cefuroxime - 750 mg every 8 hours;
• cefotaxime - 0.5-1 g every 12 hours.

Tetracycline for boils are used inside by 0.1-0.2 g to 6 times a day, 30 minutes before, or one hour after eating.

Ointments with antibiotics are used to treat boils three times a day, can be in the form of bandages (soaked with ointment gauze napkin and applied to the wound, on top of the bandage). Duration of treatment with ointments - from 1 to 2 weeks.

[13], [14], [15], [16], [17]

Use of antibiotics for boils during pregnancy

In the body of pregnant women there are many changes associated with high levels of hormones and a certain decrease in immunity. Therefore, the main emphasis in the treatment of boils during pregnancy should be put on strengthening immune protection. Use of systemic antibiotics for boils during pregnancy is not recommended.

In order to prevent the negative impact of antibiotics on the fetus, experts advise to carry out general restorative treatment, adhere to a rational diet, consume enough vitamins. In addition, it is important to follow the rules of personal hygiene, to avoid hypothermia.

To get rid of boils, a pregnant woman can apply recipes of alternative medicine that do not pose a danger to the baby. It is allowed to use local antibacterial drugs: for example, Vishnevsky ointment, Levomikol, ointments with antibiotics.

When the first symptoms of furunculosis appear pregnant woman should always consult with a doctor. It is unacceptable to use antibiotics and other drugs on your own, which can harm a future child.

Contraindications to the use of antibiotics for boils

In addition to the period of pregnancy and breastfeeding, contra-indications to the use of antibiotics for boils are:

• propensity to allergy to antibiotics;
• the emergence of a resistant form of pathogens;
• bronchial asthma;
• active form of tuberculosis;
• diseases of the intestine and endocrine glands;
• severe liver disease;
• severe kidney disease with impaired excretory function;
• severe diseases of the heart and blood-forming organs;
• leukopenia, fungal diseases.

[3], [4], [5], [6]

Side effects of antibiotics for boils

• Allergic manifestations (hives, swelling, lung damage).
• Toxic liver damage (especially when taking tetracyclines or erythromycin).
• Negative effects on the hematopoiesis system (especially when taking levomycetin or streptomycin).
• The defeat of the digestive tract.
• General toxic effects (damage to the organs of hearing, vision, vestibular apparatus, kidneys).
• Infringement of balance of microflora in an organism (in an intestine, genitals, a skin and so forth).

Side effects of antibiotics for furuncles are related to the fact that these drugs, in addition to pathogenic microorganisms, destroy and useful microflora inhabiting the human body. After antibiotic therapy, the body begins to be actively inhabited by new bacteria, which are not always useful. As a result, the immune system is upset and undesirable side effects develop.

Overdose

An incorrectly calculated dose of an antibiotic or an occasional intake of a large amount of the drug may lead to symptoms of an overdose. Overdose can be manifested by the following symptoms:

• nausea, vomiting and diarrhea;
• Hyperkalemia and cardiac dysfunction;
• convulsions;
• anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, oppression of hemopoiesis;
• Fungal infection, dysbiosis, thrush;
• allergic reactions (swelling, skin rashes, itching, etc.);
• pain in the joints, in the liver and kidneys.

If it is known for sure that an overdose has taken place recently, and the patient has not experienced vomiting, a gastric lavage is prescribed. After this, the patient is given activated charcoal in an amount of 2 tablets per 10 kg of body weight. The patient should be observed at least 12 hours after the overdose.

Hemodialysis is carried out only with too high doses of antibiotic, as well as with severe kidney and liver failure.

Interactions of antibiotics with furuncles with other drugs

Penicillin is not taken with such drugs:

• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aspirin - the risk of bleeding increases;
• aminoglycoside antibiotics - mutually inactivate each other;
• contraceptive preparations based on estrogen - the effect of contraception is reduced;
• sulfonamide drugs - weaken the bactericidal action of penicillin.

Cephalosporins should not be taken together with the use of alcoholic beverages.

Preparations of tetracycline are not prescribed simultaneously:

• with antacids, magnesium-containing laxatives, calcium and iron preparations - these drugs worsen the absorption of tetracyclines;
• with vitamin A - increased intracranial pressure;
• with methoxyflurane - a negative effect on the kidneys.

Local interactions of antibiotics with furuncles with other drugs are not described.

Conditions for storage of antibiotics for boils

Absolutely all antibiotics that are used to treat boils (including ampoules and ointments) should be stored in dry, dark and not hot places that are outside the children's access zone.

All medications have their expiration date, which in all cases should be indicated on the package or in the annotation to the drug. In no case is it inadmissible to use this or that antibacterial medication after the expiration of the storage period.

The shelf life of antibiotics in most cases is from 3 to 5 years, subject to the storage conditions of antibiotics.

Antibiotics for furuncles can be prescribed only by a medical specialist with individual consultation. In no case should one independently treat antibiotics, especially pregnant women and children. Only a doctor can decide on the expediency of using an antibiotic, as well as dispense the dosage and the scheme of treatment with the drug.

[18], [19], [20],