In addition to the cortex that forms the surface layers of the terminal brain, the gray matter in each of the cerebral hemispheres lies in the form of separate nuclei, or nodes. These nodes are in the thickness of white matter, closer to the base of the brain.
The cerebral cortex, or cloak (cortex cerebri, s. Pallium) is represented by a gray matter located along the periphery of the cerebral hemispheres. The surface area of the cortex of one hemisphere in an adult is, on average, 220,000 mm2.
The terminal brain (telencephalon) consists of two hemispheres of the large brain, divided by a longitudinal slit and connected to each other in the depth of this slit with the help of a corpus callosum, anterior and posterior adhesions, and also adhesions of the arch.
The brain (encephalon) with its surrounding shells is located in the cavity of the cerebral part of the skull. In this regard, its convex upper-lateral surface in shape corresponds to the inner concave surface of the cranial vault.
The spinal cord is surrounded by three membranes of mesenchymal origin. External - a hard shell of the spinal cord. Behind it lies the middle - arachnoid shell, which is separated from the previous subdural space.
The spinal cord (medulla spinalis) in appearance is a long, cylindrical shape, flattened from front to back of the sternum. In this regard, the transverse diameter of the spinal cord is greater than the anteroposterior diameter.
The nervous system performs the following functions: control of the activity of various systems and apparatuses, which constitute an integral organism, coordination of the processes occurring in it, establishment of interrelations of the organism with the external environment.
