Aleron

Aleron is an antiallergic substance from the category of antihistamines of the 3rd generation. Its active ingredient is levocetirizine (cetirizine R-enantiomer) - a derivative of hydroxyzine that has therapeutic activity.

The drug demonstrates antiallergic, antipruritic, anti-inflammatory and antiexudative effects on the body. Along with this recorded intense antihistamine effect.

Levocetirizine causes a blocking of the activity of peripheral H1-terminations of histamine and prevents histamine release, stabilizing labrocyte walls. There is a high selectivity of the component in relation to the H1-terminations of histamine - a marked blockage of their activity occurs; while the drug does not affect the activity of m-cholinergic and serotonin endings.[1]

Indications Alerona

It is used in the treatment and prevention of diseases of an allergic nature, occurring in the active or chronic phase. Among such pathologies:

• runny nose allergic etiology and conjunctivitis;
• pollinosis;
• urticaria ;
• angioedema;
• allergic dermatoses of an allergic nature, during which such signs as itching, burning and rash on mucous membranes and epidermis develop. [2]

Release form

The release of drugs is sold in tablets - 10 pieces inside a cell bundle; in the box - 1 or 3 such packs.

Pharmacodynamics

To obtain a clinical effect, half the amount of levocetirizine compared with cetirizine is required - because the former forms a more powerful bond with the endings.

The influence of the drug leads to a decrease in the production of chemokines with proinflammatory cytokines, and in addition to the suppression of eosinophilic adhesion and chemotaxis, as well as the expression of adhesive molecules. The activity of levocetirizine causes a decrease in the IgE-dependent secretion of histamine, PG-D2, as well as leukotriene type C4. At the same time, the drug inhibits thrombocytoactivating epidermal factor.

As a result, the drug significantly weakens the intensity of various allergic disorders (among them, a runny nose of allergic origin). Persons with seasonal forms of the disease can use Aleron as a substance that prevents the development of allergy symptoms.

The drug shows high activity in asthma and signs of cold-type urticaria. It should be noted that while levocetirizine does not suppress the activity of the central nervous system and does not have a toxic effect on the heart.[3]

Pharmacokinetics

When used orally, the drug is absorbed at high speed inside the gastrointestinal tract; food intake almost does not affect the degree of absorption, only slightly reducing its speed.

The bioavailability of the substance is 100%. The highest concentration of the active element inside the blood is noted after 0.9-1 hours; with blood protein is synthesized by 90%.

A small amount of levocetirizine is involved in intrahepatic metabolic processes, in which a non-active metabolic component is formed.

The term half-life is 7-10 hours. In the period of 96 hours, the drug is completely excreted from the body. Most of them - by the kidneys, and about 13% - with the help of the intestines.

Dosing and administration

The drug is used orally; pills should be swallowed with plenty of plain water. The sizes of portions and the duration of the treatment cycle are selected by the doctor, guided by the diagnosis. Usually used on the 1st tablet (5 mg) 1 time per day. An adult can take a maximum of 10 g of medicine per day.

In the case of short-term contact of the patient with the substance-allergen, therapy should be continued for 7 days; pollinosis requires treatment, the duration of which is 3-6 weeks. When needed, the therapeutic cycle can last up to six months. The pattern of use of Aleron Neo is similar.

Persons with kidney failure require a dosage adjustment.

[6], [7]

Use Alerona during pregnancy

There is not enough information regarding the use of Aleron in HB and pregnancy. Pregnant drug is prescribed with great caution, only in situations where the possible benefits of it are more expected than the risks of adverse effects.[4]

Since levocetirizine is secreted with breast milk, breastfeeding is discontinued for the period of therapy.

Contraindications

The main contraindications:

• severe intolerance to the constituent components of the drug and piperazine derivatives;
• having a severe degree of intensity failure of the kidneys;
• galactosemia;
• malabsorption of glucose-galactose.

Side effects Alerona

Among the possible side effects:

• problems with the function of cardiovascular system: feeling too much of a heartbeat;
• disorders associated with the work of the central nervous system: drowsiness, aggressiveness, increased fatigue, anxiety, and in addition, weakness, cramps and headaches; [5]
• disorders of the hepatobiliary activity: hepatitis;
• visual damage: visual disturbance;
• immune manifestations: puffiness or anaphylaxis;
• impaired respiratory function: dyspnea;
• disorders of the gastrointestinal tract: xerostomia or nausea;
• epidermis lesions: rash, urticaria, or epidermal itching;
• Other symptoms: weight gain, abdominal pain and myalgia.

Overdose

The use of large portions of drugs led to severe drowsiness or excessive arousal, then followed by drowsiness.

With the development of intoxication is performed gastric lavage and the use of enterosorbents, followed by symptomatic procedures.

[8]

Interactions with other drugs

Repeated use of theophylline causes a slight decrease in clearance of levocetirizine.

It is forbidden to combine medication with sedatives.

[9], [10]

Storage conditions

Aleron is required to be kept in a dark and protected from moisture penetration place. Temperatures are no more than 25 ° C.

[11]

Shelf life

Aleron is allowed to use within a 2-year term from the date of sale of the pharmaceutical product.

Application for children

Levocetirizine at a dose of 1.25 and 2.5 mg / day is well tolerated in children aged 6–11 months and children aged 1–5 years, respectively. [12]

Analogs

Analogues of drugs are Cecera, Alerzin, Tsetrilev and Glenzet, as well as Xyzal and so on.

[13]

Reviews

Aleron receives positive reviews from patients (although in general there are very few comments regarding this medication). It is indicated that the drug can improve the condition of persons with allergic signs, effectively eliminating the symptoms of allergies.