Agistam

Agistam belongs to the group of antihistamine drugs that are used to reduce the severity of clinical symptoms of seasonal allergies (discharge from the nose, itching and burning, lacrimation as a manifestation of conjunctivitis), urticaria, cutaneous pathology of allergic origin, and as part of complex therapy for bronchial asthma.

According to the international classification, the drug is considered a representative of the means that affect the respiratory system. Agistam, as an antihistamine, has a systemic effect.

The main active ingredient of Agistam is loratadine (international name - Loratadine). The manufacturer of the drug is Stirolbiopharm in Gorlovka, Donetsk region of Ukraine.

This drug is available in tablet form and as a syrup. This makes it possible to use it in childhood. The only restriction is the two-year age and the mass of the baby - at less than 30 kilograms.

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Indications Agistam

Drug Agistam is used to prevent the development of allergic manifestations or to reduce activity or eliminate this process. Given this fact, the drug is widely used in diseases, the basis for the development of which is the sensitization of the body by any allergen.

Thus, the indications for use by Agistam include pollinosis occurring during the flowering season of herbs, that is, developing under the influence of a certain factor, as well as rhinitis that lasts throughout the year, regardless of season (allergy to dust, animal hair and other agents).

In addition, Agistam is able to reduce the severity of symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis, manifested by lacrimation, sneezing, rhinorrhea (secretion of secretion from nasal cavities), itching and burning in the eye area.

Indications for use Agists also mean the use of this drug to treat and prevent the recurrence of a chronic form of urticaria, the causes of which may be unknown, and angioedema. Skin pathology of allergic origin (eczema of chronic form, contact dermatitis) requires addition to the treatment of Agistam.

As part of the main therapy, the antihistamine is used for bronchial asthma, insect bites, and reactions to the administration of histamine-liberators.

Release form

The medicinal antihistamine Agistam is available in tablet form and as a syrup. The tablet is characterized by white color and biconvex form. On the one hand, there is a dividing strip, due to which the dose can be reduced by half, breaking the tablet.

The tableted form of release allows you to clearly know the dosage taken, which if necessary can be reduced by dividing the tablet, or increased, by taking an additional one. It contains 10 mg of the main active substance - loratadine. In addition, there are auxiliary substances: lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, gelatin-like starch, silicon dioxide and microcrystalline cellulose.

The form of the release in the form of a syrup has a transparent color, a viscous consistency, sweet and sour taste, a yellowish tint and a citrus aroma (orange) or peach.

The bottle contains 100 ml of liquid with a dosage of 100 mg of loratadine in full. Thus, the syrup is convenient for taking babies, since it is pleasant to taste, aroma and is easily dosed.

Pharmacodynamics

The main areas of action of this drug are due to its therapeutic properties. Pharmacodynamics Agistam promotes the provision of antihistamine action, which prevents the development of an allergic reaction or reduces its clinical manifestations in the form of itching, swelling and redness.

The severity of the symptoms of allergy depends on the amount of histamine that is released from the mast cells in response to the action of the irritating factor. As a result, the permeability of the walls of the vessels increases and the plasma exits into the tissue, so the swelling develops.

Pharmacodynamics Agistam provides selective blocking of H1-receptors of histamine, thereby preventing its effect on smooth muscle fibers and vascular wall. Thus, exudation through the vascular wall decreases due to a decrease in its permeability, as well as itching and erythema.

Antiallergic effect is observed after 30 minutes after oral administration of Agistam. The maximum effect is observed after 8-12 hours and is maintained throughout the day. This causes the drug to be taken once a day.

Of the side effects of Agistam, there is an insignificant bronchodilator effect. With regard to sedative effects on the nervous system and anticholinergic effect, this drug is spared from them.

Pharmacokinetics

The antihistamine is absorbed quickly enough. So, the greatest amount of the main metabolite in the blood is noted within a couple of hours after administration. Further, loratadine is cleaved with the formation of an active metabolite - descarbotoxytoloratadine.

Pharmacokinetics Agistam provides a half-life of the drug at a level of approximately 24 hours. Almost all the loratadine that enters the body binds to plasma proteins (about 97%). During the day, the third part of the total volume of the drug is excreted in the urine in the form of hydroxylated metabolites and compounds.

10 days after the use of loratadine, approximately 80% of the drug is excreted as metabolites with the help of kidneys and intestines (in equal amounts).

With simultaneous use of the drug together with food pharmacokinetics Agistam passes only by 48%. Metabolised in the liver, so it must be taken with caution to people with liver pathology. In addition, special attention should be paid to alcohol damage to the liver, since in the presence of this condition, the half-life of Agistam increases, which can lead to its accumulation in the body.

Dosing and administration

Depending on the person's age, it is allowed to use the tablet form of this antihistamine and in the form of a syrup. The latter form is specially designed for toddlers, since the syrup has a pleasant aroma and sweet and sour taste, which is especially liked by children.

The way of application and dose for children are calculated taking into account the body weight and age. So, it is allowed to start using Agistam in children weighing more than 30 kilograms and age from 2 years. Using the measuring spoon, the required dosage is measured. It should be remembered that in full (100 ml) contains 100 mg of the main active substance.

If the baby can take a tablet form, then you need to drink 1 tablet a day. Also, remember that each tablet contains 10 mg of loratadine.

The way of application and dose needs to be corrected in people suffering from liver and kidney pathology, since it is these organs that display the drug. You should start with 1 tablet every other day. The duration of the course is considered individually. Most often it lasts from 1 to 2 weeks, but it may be extended to a month.

Use Agistam during pregnancy

The period of pregnancy is distinguished by its special course and caution in the choice of medicines. This is due to the possibility of a negative effect on the fetus drug medication. During the first 12 weeks, all organs are laid, and as a result of the destructive factors, the health of the future baby can be affected.

The use of Agista during pregnancy is not recommended due to the fact that there have not been enough studies with this category of patients who could confirm the absence of a negative effect on the fetus.

In addition, during lactation, the baby is also not to be taken to the Agists. This is due to the fact that the main active substance loratadine is able to penetrate into breast milk. As a result, the concentration can reach the level contained in the woman's blood plasma.

When taking this antihistamine with simultaneous feeding of the baby there is a high probability of getting Agistam into the baby's body, which is not desirable. Children can start taking an antiallergic drug only when they reach a mass of 30 kg.

Contraindications

The antihistamine drug is tolerated well enough, however, contraindications to the use of Agists should be considered, in the presence of which it is not recommended to use it. So, among them there is a low threshold of sensitivity to the main active substance - loratadine, or additional components.

In addition, it is prohibited to take an antihistamine drug during pregnancy and lactation. As for childhood, Agistam is allowed to use only with a body weight of 30 kg and over 2 years.

Contraindications for use Agists also include the individual characteristics of each organism, laid down by genetic information. So, a person may have an intolerance to any component.

Taking an antihistamine drug should be canceled two days before the study of the skin to identify the allergen, which triggers the development of an allergic reaction.

Special warnings concern people with liver pathology and those prone to developing seizures.

Side effects Agistam

The drug can accumulate in the body if the dosages and the duration of its administration are not observed. Side effects Agists are encountered in overdose, and also in the case of individual reactions to an antihistamine.

Clinical manifestations of taking large amounts of the drug can be characterized by headache and drowsiness. To treat this condition, it is recommended to wash the stomach to prevent further cleavage of loratadine and take the sorbent (activated charcoal in the appropriate dosage).

In addition, symptomatic therapy should be performed to eliminate or reduce the intensity of overdose.

In some cases, side effects of Agistam can manifest itself in the form of body reactions to the components of the drug. So, from the side of the digestive system, dry mouth, nausea and vomiting are observed.

The nervous system can react with a headache, increased fatigue, insomnia and neuroses. The cardiovascular system responds to Agists with palpitations, fluctuations in blood pressure, palpitation, and even rhythm and conduction disorders.

Rare manifestations of skin, pain in the lumbar region, breasts and urticaria are rare.

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Overdose

When overdose Agistam most often noted drowsiness, tachycardia and headache.

Interactions with other drugs

Antihistaminic drug when it is used concurrently with ethanol is not able to enhance the influence of the latter on the body. Interaction Agistam with other drugs is noted when taking an antiallergic drug in conjunction with antibacterial drugs, in particular, representatives of macrolides - erythromycin, resulting in a concentration of loratadine in the blood increases.

A similar effect is observed with the simultaneous administration of Agistam with ketoconazole (antimicrobial agent - imidazole derivatives) and cimitidine (H2-histamine receptor blocker). The accumulation of loratadine is due to the inhibition of cytochrome P450 isoenzyme.

Interaction Agistam with other drugs that have a sedative effect on the nervous system, should also be monitored. Especially it concerns barbiturates, hypnotics, narcotic analgesics, antidepressants, neuroleptics and anxiolytics.

All these drugs have a direct effect on the nervous system, resulting in the development of a pronounced sedative effect. The reaction of the body depends on the dose of the drugs taken.

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Storage conditions

Each preparation requires certain storage conditions, in case of non-observance of which the medicinal product loses its therapeutic properties. In addition, new "capabilities" of the drug may appear as a result of changes in the molecular structure of the components.

Storage conditions Agists are supposed to keep it in a place where the temperature-sensitive mode is at a level of up to 25 degrees. It is also worth paying attention to the humidity and the presence of direct sunlight on the antihistamine.

Storage conditions Agists are also warned about the lack of access to medicines for children to avoid the use of tablets. This can lead to both an overdose, and obturation with a pill of the respiratory tract.

The manufacturer in the instruction necessarily indicates the conditions under which the drug will retain its medicinal properties during the shelf life.

Shelf life

When buying any drug, one of the most important information is the indication of the expiration date of the drug. The manufacturer must specify the date of manufacture and the last date of sale.

This data can be placed on each blister packed with tablets, on a vial of syrup, and also on the outside of the outer packaging. The expiration date should be in an accessible place for quick check.

The expiry date indicates the period of time during which the medicinal product retains the medicinal properties indicated by the manufacturer in the instruction. At the end of this period, any drug should not be used.

In addition to the shelf life, certain storage conditions must be observed. A tablet that has already been opened from the blister should be either accepted or discarded, since it is not allowed to store them in the open for a long time.