Armadin 50

Armadin 50 (ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate) is a drug belonging to the class of antioxidants and antihypoxants. It has neuroprotective and antihypoxic properties and is used to treat various diseases associated with impaired blood circulation and oxygen metabolism in tissues.

Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate exhibits an antioxidant effect, reducing the level of free radicals in the body. It also improves metabolic processes in cells, increases tissue resistance to hypoxia (lack of oxygen) and has an anti-stress effect. The drug stabilizes cell membranes and improves blood circulation in the brain.

Indications Armadine 50

• Acute cerebrovascular accidents (stroke):

  • As part of complex therapy for ischemic stroke.
  • To improve cerebral circulation and restore brain function.

• Traumatic brain injury:

  • As part of complex treatment to reduce neurological symptoms and improve the patient's condition.

• Dyscirculatory encephalopathy:

  • Treatment of chronic cerebrovascular accidents, including atherosclerosis, hypertension and vascular diseases.

• Vegetative dystonia:

  • Reduction of symptoms of vegetative dysfunctions associated with various diseases.

• Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (alcohol withdrawal syndrome):

  • Reduction of withdrawal symptoms, improvement of mental state and reduction of the risk of complications.

• Ischemic heart disease (as part of complex therapy):

  • Improving coronary circulation, reducing ischemic symptoms.

• Acute myocardial ischemia (myocardial infarction):

  • As part of complex therapy to reduce the ischemic zone and improve the general condition of the patient.

• Conditions accompanied by increased anxiety:

  • Reducing anxiety, improving the general well-being of the patient.

• Acute inflammatory processes in the abdominal cavity (necrotic pancreatitis, peritonitis):

  • As part of complex therapy to reduce inflammation and improve the prognosis of the disease.

• Prevention of stress conditions and improvement of the body's adaptation to extreme conditions:

  • Improvement of general condition and increase of resistance to stress factors.

Release form

Solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration:

• Ampoules with injection solution containing 50 mg/ml of active substance. Ampoules can have a volume of 2 ml or 5 ml.

Pharmacodynamics

• Antioxidant effect:

  • Armadin 50 inhibits the processes of lipid peroxidation (LPO), which prevents damage to cell membranes and helps maintain their structural integrity. This effect is due to the drug’s ability to activate antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase.

• Antihypoxic effect:

  • The drug improves the use of oxygen by tissues, increases the body's resistance to hypoxia (lack of oxygen) and improves energy processes in cells.

• Neuroprotective effect:

  • Armadin 50 protects brain neurons from damage under conditions of ischemia and hypoxia, reduces the toxic effects of glutamate and calcium, stabilizes nerve cell membranes and improves the transmission of nerve impulses.

• Anti-stress effect:

  • The drug increases the body's resistance to stress factors, improves behavioral and emotional reactions, reduces the level of anxiety and depression.

• Membrane stabilizing effect:

  • Armadin 50 improves the rheological properties of blood, reduces blood viscosity, prevents the aggregation of platelets and red blood cells, improves microcirculation and blood supply to organs and tissues.

• Metabolic effect:

  • The drug activates aerobic glycolysis, increases the content of ATP and creatine phosphate, normalizes metabolism under conditions of ischemia and hypoxia.

Pharmacokinetics

• Absorption:

  • After intramuscular administration, Armadin is quickly absorbed into the systemic circulation. The maximum concentration in blood plasma is achieved 0.3–0.58 hours after administration.

• Distribution:

  • The drug is well distributed throughout organs and tissues. The highest concentrations are observed in the liver and kidneys. Penetrates the blood-brain barrier, providing a protective effect at the level of the central nervous system.

• Metabolism:

  • Armadin is metabolized in the liver by glucuronidation. The main metabolites are glucuronides, which are then excreted from the body.

• Withdrawal:

  • The drug and its metabolites are excreted mainly in the urine. The half-life is approximately 4–5 hours. During the first 12 hours after administration, about 50% of the drug is eliminated, and within 24 hours - about 80%.

Dosing and administration

Solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration:

1. Intravenous administration:

   • The drug is administered by drip or jet.
   • For drip administration, the drug is diluted in physiological sodium chloride solution.
   • The average dose is 50-300 mg per day, administered 1-3 times per day.
   • The rate of administration is 40-60 drops per minute.

2. Intramuscular administration:

   • The drug is administered slowly.
   • The average dose is 50-300 mg per day, administered 1-3 times per day.
   • The course of treatment usually lasts from 5 to 14 days, depending on the indications and clinical picture of the disease.

Special instructions:

• The dosage and duration of treatment can be adjusted by the doctor depending on the patient's condition and response to therapy.
• It is recommended to start treatment with minimal effective doses, gradually increasing the dosage until the desired therapeutic effect is achieved.
• If long-term treatment is necessary, the drug can be used for several months under the supervision of a doctor.

Use Armadine 50 during pregnancy

1. Use for heart failure:

   • Studies show that ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate may improve myocardial contractile function and reduce the incidence of complications in chronic heart failure. The drug also has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties (Sidorenko et al., 2011).

2. Brain injury therapy:

   • When used in complex intensive therapy of the acute phase of traumatic brain injury, ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate contributes to a more significant reduction in oxidative stress and normalization of cerebral blood flow, which contributes to a more rapid recovery of consciousness (Nikonov et al., 2018).

3. Animal studies:

   • In a study on rats, ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate was shown to have a cardioprotective effect against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury due to its antihypoxic and antioxidant properties (Galagudza et al., 2009).

4. Neuroprotection in multiple sclerosis:

   • Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate may prevent the progression of neurodegenerative processes in multiple sclerosis. However, further clinical studies are needed to confirm these results (Prakhova et al., 2016).

The use of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate during pregnancy should be carefully considered. There is insufficient data on its safety when used in pregnant women. Before using this drug, pregnant women should consult their doctor to evaluate the potential risks and benefits.

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.
• Acute liver failure.
• Acute renal failure.
• Pregnancy and lactation - the use of the drug in these cases is not recommended due to the lack of sufficient safety data.
• Children - use in children is also not recommended due to the lack of data on safety and effectiveness.
• Acute allergic reactions or a history of them.

Side effects Armadine 50

1. On the part of the nervous system:

   • Headache
   • Dizziness
   • Insomnia or drowsiness
   • Anxiety, excitement

2. Digestive system:

   • Nausea
   • Dry mouth
   • Digestive disorders

3. Allergic reactions:

   • Skin rash
   • Itching
   • Hives

4. Cardiovascular system:

   • Increased blood pressure
   • Feeling of heartbeat

5. Others:

   • Sweating
   • Feeling of heat
   • Impaired motor coordination

In rare cases, more serious side effects may occur, such as:

• Acute allergic reactions (anaphylactic shock)
• Convulsions

Overdose

Symptoms of etophylline overdose may include:

1. Tachycardia (fast pulse).
2. Cardiac arrhythmias.
3. Tremor (shaking).
4. Nervous disorders - anxiety, insomnia, nervousness.
5. Nausea, vomiting.
6. Headache.
7. Metabolic disorders, including hypokalemia (low blood potassium levels) and hyperglycemia (high blood glucose levels).

Interactions with other drugs

• Antidepressants and anxiolytics (including benzodiazepines):

  • Armadin may enhance the effect of antidepressants and anxiolytics, which can lead to increased sedation and increased antidepressant effect.

• Neuroleptics:

  • The drug may enhance the effect of antipsychotics, which requires dosage adjustment of the latter to prevent the development of side effects.

• Anticonvulsants:

  • Armadin may enhance the effect of anticonvulsants, which requires monitoring of the dosage and the patient's condition.

• Antihypertensive drugs:

  • Armadin may enhance the hypotensive effect of antihypertensive drugs, which may require adjustment of their dosage.

• Ethanol and alcohol-containing drugs:

  • The drug can reduce the toxic effect of ethanol on the central nervous system.

• Anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents:

  • Interactions with these drugs may increase the risk of bleeding, so careful monitoring of the patient's condition is required.

• Drugs affecting the central nervous system (including sedatives):

  • The sedative effect may be enhanced, which requires caution when using them together.

• Corticosteroids:

  • Armadin may reduce the risk of side effects associated with corticosteroid use.

• MAO inhibitors and other psychotropic drugs:

  • Concomitant use may enhance the effects of these drugs, which requires careful monitoring of the patient's condition and dosage adjustment.