Glucosteril

Glucosteril (dextrose monohydrate) is a medicine containing dextrose monohydrate. Dextrose, also known as glucose, is a simple sugar that is the body's main source of energy.

Glucosteril is often used in medical practice to maintain glucose levels in the body, especially in patients with hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) or those who need a rapid increase in sugar levels, such as during heavy exercise, extreme exhaustion or in a state of shock.

Glucosteril can be presented in various forms, such as injection solutions for intravenous administration or syrups for oral administration. It is important to consult a doctor or pharmacist before using this medication for proper dosing and use instructions, especially if you have any medical problems or are taking other medications.

Indications Glucosteril

1. Hypoglycemia: Low blood glucose (hypoglycemia) caused by a variety of causes, including diabetes, fasting, overeating, physical activity, or not eating enough.
2. Energy maintenance: During periods of increased physical activity, severe exhaustion, conditions after surgery, injury and other cases when the body requires additional nutrition and energy.
3. Intravenous nutrition: Glucosteril may be used as part of intravenous nutrition infusion solutions in patients who are unable to obtain sufficient amounts of nutrition through oral administration or when immediate administration of nutrients is required.
4. Compensation for fluid loss: For dehydration or fluid loss caused by vomiting, diarrhea, sweating or other reasons.

Release form

Glucosteril (dextrose monohydrate) is usually available in powder form for the preparation of a solution for injection.

Pharmacodynamics

1. Energy source: Dextrose is a simple sugar, the main source of energy for the body. When glucosteril is consumed, dextrose is quickly absorbed into the bloodstream from the digestive tract and enters cells, where it is used in the process of glycolysis to produce energy in the form of ATP.
2. Maintaining normal blood glucose levels: The glucose supplied by glucosteril helps maintain normal blood glucose levels (glycemia), which is especially important for people with hypoglycemia (low glucose levels) or for those who have increased energy needs, for example, during physical activity or after surgery.
3. Metabolic processes: Glucose plays a key role in various metabolic processes, such as the synthesis of glycogen in the liver and muscles, the synthesis of lipids, proteins and other biomolecules.
4. Osmotic Action: Glucose has an osmotic effect, which means it is able to retain water in the body. Therefore, glucosteril can be used to regulate the total volume of fluid in the body and replenish fluid during dehydration.
5. Nutritional composition: Glucose is a simple carbohydrate that provides the body with quick energy. It is the main source of carbohydrates in medical nutrition, used to provide patients with energy when eating food in the usual way is difficult or impossible.

Pharmacokinetics

1. Absorption: Dextrose, the main component of the drug, is quickly and completely absorbed in the intestine after oral administration.
2. Metabolism: Dextrose monohydrate is a simple carbohydrate and is rapidly metabolized in the body to form glucose. Glucose serves as the main source of energy for the body.
3. Distribution: Once metabolized, glucose is distributed evenly throughout the body through the circulatory system and is used by cells to produce energy.
4. Excretion: Excess glucose that is not used by the body for energy can either be temporarily stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles, or converted to fat and stored in adipose tissue. Excess glucose can also be excreted through the kidneys in the urine.
5. Half-life: Dextrose does not generally undergo a significant metabolic or catabolic half-life. It is usually quickly metabolized by the body's cells.

Dosing and administration

The method of administration and dose of Glucosteril (dextrose monohydrate) may vary depending on the purpose and individual characteristics of the patient. The drug is usually administered intravenously as a solution. The dosage is determined by the doctor in accordance with the clinical picture, the patient's condition and other factors.

Use Glucosteril during pregnancy

In the context of use during pregnancy, glucose management and use should be carefully monitored as changes in glucose levels may affect both the mother and the fetus.

Use of Glucosteril during pregnancy:

1. Energy needs: During pregnancy, women's energy needs increase. Glucose is a valuable source of quick energy, especially if you have problems with eating or digesting food.
2. Gestational diabetes: Women with gestational diabetes or other forms of carbohydrate metabolism disorders should monitor their glucose levels especially carefully. Glucose administration should occur under strict medical supervision to avoid sudden fluctuations in blood sugar.
3. Dehydration: Glucosteril can be used to correct dehydration, especially with toxicosis, when a woman is unable to hold down solid food or liquid.
4. Hypoglycemia: If a pregnant woman experiences hypoglycemia (low blood glucose), glucosteril can be used to quickly restore blood glucose levels.

Contraindications

1. Hyperglycemia: Glucosteril may be contraindicated in patients with hyperglycemia (high blood glucose) as its use may further increase blood sugar.
2. Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state: Glucosteril may be contraindicated in patients with a hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state as it may worsen blood hyperosmolarity.
3. Hypertension: Caution should be exercised when using Glucosteril in patients with hypertension as it may cause an increase in blood glucose and sodium levels, which may worsen hypertension.
4. Obesity and Diabetes: In patients with obesity or diabetes, Glucosteril may be contraindicated if blood glucose levels are not well controlled, as this may aggravate weight and blood sugar problems.
5. Liver failure: In patients with severe liver failure, the use of Glucosteril may be contraindicated or require dosage adjustment under the supervision of a physician, since the liver plays an important role in the processing and metabolism of glucose.
6. Renal failure: In patients with severe renal failure, the use of Glucosteril may be contraindicated or require dosage adjustment under the supervision of a physician, since the kidneys play a role in removing glucose from the body.
7. Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Data on the safety of Glucosteril during pregnancy and breastfeeding are limited, so its use requires consultation with a doctor.

Side effects Glucosteril

1. Hyperglycemia: Increased blood glucose levels, especially in patients with diabetes mellitus or carbohydrate metabolism disorders.
2. Hyperosmolarity: An increase in osmotic pressure in the blood, which can lead to dehydration and other fluid balance problems.
3. It is possible to develop venous thrombosis or phlebitis at the injection site when using intravenous solutions.
4. Allergic reactions: Rarely, allergic reactions such as hives, itching, skin rash or anaphylactic shock may occur.
5. Swelling and cramps may occur as a result of rapid administration of large doses of solution.
6. Rarely, cardiovascular reactions such as arrhythmias or increased blood pressure may occur.

Overdose

1. Hyperglycemia: Overdosing on glucose can cause severe increases in blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia). This can lead to feelings of thirst, excessive urination, fatigue, headache, loss of consciousness and even coma.
2. Cardiovascular complications: Increased blood glucose levels can cause various cardiovascular complications, including increased blood pressure, cardiac arrhythmias, and other serious problems.
3. Dehydration: Since glucose has an osmotic effect, an overdose can lead to dehydration due to increased loss of fluid from cells into the blood.
4. Skin burns and irritation: Intravenous administration of large doses of glucose may cause burns and skin irritation at the injection site.
5. Metabolic disorders: Elevated glucose levels can also cause various metabolic disorders such as metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia, and others.

Interactions with other drugs

Glucosteril (dextrose monohydrate) usually does not interact with other drugs in a pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic sense. However, if used concomitantly, be aware of the potential interactions that may occur due to changes in blood glucose levels.