Methyluracil

Methyluracil is a chemical compound that in the human body plays a role in nucleotide metabolism and is part of nucleic acids. In medical practice, methyluracil is used in several applications:

1. Treatment of ulcers: Methyluracil is used to treat gastric and duodenal ulcers. It promotes healing of ulcers and improves the condition of the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract.
2. Stimulation of tissue growth: Methyluracil may be used as a tissue growth stimulant for wounds, burns, and for the treatment of donors and transplant recipients.
3. Treatment of dermatologic diseases: The drug is used to treat various dermatologic diseases such as burns, wounds, cracks, eczema, acute and chronic dermatitis.
4. Stimulation of blood cell formation: Methyluracil can also be used to stimulate blood cell formation in various types of anemia.
5. Prevention of radiation sickness: The drug can be used for the prevention and treatment of radiation sickness in people exposed to radiation.

Methyluracil is available in various forms for topical and systemic use, including tablets, capsules, ointments, creams, solutions for injection and others. It is important to use methyluracil only as prescribed by a doctor and follow his recommendations regarding dosage and duration of treatment.

Indications Methyluraacyl

1. Peptic ulcerdisease of the stomach and duodenum: The drug is used to treat ulcerative lesions of the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestine, including ulcers caused by chronic gastritis or the use of drugs that damage the mucosa.
2. Wounds and burns: Methyluracil promotes wound healing by accelerating the growth of new tissue and facilitating the process of skin regeneration.
3. Dermatologic Diseases: It is used to treat a variety of dermatologic problems including cracked skin, eczema, acute and chronic dermatitis.
4. Stimulation of tissue growth: Methyluracil can be used to stimulate tissue growth in wounds, burns and other injuries to the skin and soft tissues.
5. Treatment of anemia: In some cases, methyluracil may be used to stimulate the formation of blood cells in various types of anemia.
6. Prevention and treatment of radiation sickness: Methyluracil can be used as a prophylactic agent or to treat radiation sickness in people exposed to ionizing radiation.
7. Other Indications: Methyluracil may be prescribed in other cases on the advice of a physician, including some gynecologic and urologic problems.

Release form

1. Oral tablets: Used to stimulate tissue regeneration in internal injuries, including diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as to strengthen the immune system.
2. Ointment for external use: Used to treat wounds, burns, ulcers and other skin injuries, as well as inflammatory diseases of the skin and mucous membranes.
3. Suppositories (rectal and vaginal suppositories): Used to treat hemorrhoids, proctitis, vaginitis and other inflammatory diseases in the rectum and vagina.
4. Solution for injection: Intended for intramuscular administration in the treatment of severe forms of inflammatory diseases, to stimulate tissue regeneration after surgery and trauma, as well as to strengthen the immune system.

Pharmacodynamics

1. Participation in DNA and RNA synthesis:

   • Methyluracil is a precursor of thymidine monophosphate (TMP), which in turn is an essential building block for DNA synthesis. For cells that produce intense division, such as bone marrow, intestinal and skin cells, methyluracil is an important source of thymidine necessary for DNA synthesis.

2. Stimulation of tissue regeneration:

   • Methyluracil has a stimulating effect on tissue regeneration. It promotes the activation of phagocyte cells and stimulates the process of tissue regeneration, which makes it useful in the treatment of burns, wounds, ulcers and other injuries of the skin and mucous membranes.

3. Immunomodulatory action:

   • Methyluracil influences the immune system by increasing the activity of phagocytes and lymphocytes. This can lead to an improved immune response and accelerate the healing process of wounds and injuries.

4. Anti-inflammatory action:

   • Some studies suggest that methyluracil may have anti-inflammatory effects, especially against acute inflammatory bowel disease.

5. Stimulation of hematopoiesis:

   • In some cases, methyluracil can stimulate the process of blood formation in the bone marrow, making it a useful agent in the treatment of aplastic anemia and other hematopoietic disorders.

6. Applications in oncology:

   • Methyluracil is used in chemotherapy for certain cancers, such as leukemia and lymphoma, as a component of treatment protocols aimed at reducing tumor growth.

Pharmacokinetics

1. Absorption: Methyluracil can be effectively absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration.
2. Distribution: It is well distributed in the body and can penetrate many biological barriers, including the blood-brain barrier.
3. Metabolism: Methyluracil can be metabolized in the liver by undergoing various biochemical reactions such as hydroxylation and conjugation.
4. Excretion: Excretion of methyluracil from the body occurs mainly through the kidneys in the form of metabolites.
5. Half-life: Thehalf-life of methyluracil is relatively short and is about 1-2 hours. This means that its effect disappears quickly after discontinuation.
6. Mechanism of Action: The mechanism of action of methyluracil is related to its ability to stimulate blood cell formation, which is especially important in cases of leukopenia or aplastic anemia.

Dosing and administration

Pills

• Adults: It is usually recommended to take 500 mg (1 tablet) 4 times a day. The maximum daily dose may be up to 3000 mg depending on your doctor's instructions.
• Children over 3 years of age: Dosage is selected individually, usually 250-500 mg per day, divided into several doses.

Tablets should be taken after meals, drinking sufficient water.

Ointment

• The ointment is applied to pre-cleaned and treated affected areas of the skin or mucous membranes 1-2 times a day. If necessary, the ointment can be covered with a sterile dressing.

Suppositories

• Rectal suppositories (for adults and children over 14 years of age): 1 suppository (500 mg) 3 to 4 times daily is usually recommended.
• Vaginal suppositories(for adult women): Recommendations may vary but are usually 1 suppository 1-2 times daily.

Solution for injection

• Intramuscular for adults: The dosage is 1 ml (50 mg) to 2 ml (100 mg) of the solution 1-3 times a day depending on the indication and severity of the condition.

Important points

• The duration of treatment is determined individually depending on the disease and its severity. For tablets and suppositories, the course can be from 7 to 14 days, sometimes longer.
• When using the ointment, it is important to avoid contact with the eyes and open wounds, unless the drug is prescribed for their treatment.
• Before starting to use methyluracil, especially the solution for injection, it is recommended to consult a doctor to determine the exact dosage and method of administration.

Use Methyluraacyl during pregnancy

There is limited information on the use of methyluracil during pregnancy. In some countries, methyluracil is used in medical practice for the treatment of various conditions, but its safety and efficacy during pregnancy have not been fully studied.

Contraindications

1. Hypersensitivity: Patients with known hypersensitivity to methyluracil or other components of the drug should not use it because of the risk of allergic reactions.
2. Leukemia: Methyluracil may promote the growth of tumor cells, so its use may be contraindicated in patients with leukemia or other malignant blood tumors.
3. Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Data on the safety of methyluracil during pregnancy and breastfeeding are limited, therefore its use during this period should be cautious and based on the doctor's recommendations.
4. Children: The safety and efficacy of methyluracil in children may be limited, therefore use in this age group should be advised by a physician.
5. Immune disorders: The use of methyluracil may be contraindicated in patients with autoimmune diseases or other immune system disorders, as it may stimulate the immune response and cause exacerbation of symptoms.
6. Kidney and liver disease: Patients with severe kidney or liver dysfunction should use methyluracil with caution, as it may accumulate in the body and cause side effects.

Side effects Methyluraacyl

1. Allergic reactions: In rare cases, allergic reactions such as skin rash, itching, edema or angioedema may occur.
2. Skin irritation: Skin irritation and redness may occur with topical application.
3. Hypersensitivity: Some people may experience hypersensitivity to methyluracil, which can manifest as a variety of reactions including stomach pain, nausea, or vomiting.
4. Risk of infections: Prolonged use of methyluracil may suppress the immune system and increase the risk of infections.
5. Blood changes: In rare cases, blood changes such as thrombocytopenia or leukopenia may occur.
6. Gastrointestinal disorders: Digestive disorders including diarrhea, constipation or dyspepsia may occur.
7. Abnormal reactions at the injection site: Soreness, swelling, or hemorrhage at the injection site may occur with injectable use.
8. Local reactions: Various local reactions such as itching, redness, or blistering may occur with topical application.

Overdose

1. Toxic effects on liver and kidneys: The development of toxic effects on liver and kidneys may occur, especially with prolonged and/or excessive use.
2. Systemic allergic reactions: Allergic reactions such as urticaria, pruritus, facial and respiratory edema, angioedema and anaphylactic shock may occur.
3. Digestive disorders: Digestive disorders such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain may occur.
4. Hematopoietic disorders: In extreme cases, overdose may lead to hematopoietic disorders such as aplastic anemia.
5. Other undesirable effects: Other undesirable effects are possible, including dizziness, headache, drowsiness, insomnia, increased heart rate and others.

Interactions with other drugs

1. Drugs that increase the risk of hematologic complications: Methyluracil may increase the hematologic effects of other drugs, especially cytotoxic drugs used in chemotherapy, such as cytarabine and methotrexate. This may result in an increased risk of leukopenia or thrombocytopenia.
2. Drugs affecting the liver and kidneys: Methyluracil may be metabolized in the liver and excreted through the kidneys. Therefore, use with other drugs affecting hepatic or renal function may alter the pharmacokinetics of methyluracil. For example, use with other hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of hepatic dysfunction.
3. Drugs affecting hematopoiesis: Methyluracil is used to stimulate hematopoiesis. Use with other drugs affecting hematopoiesis, such as granulocytopoiesis (e.g. Filgrastim), may increase its effects.
4. Drugs that increase the risk of thrombosis: Methyluracil may increase the risk of thrombosis. Use with other drugs that increase the risk of thrombosis, such as hormonal contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy, may increase this risk.
5. Drugs affecting the intestinal tract: Methyluracil may cause diarrhea or other gastrointestinal disorders. Use with other drugs affecting the intestinal tract, such as antibiotics or magnesium-containing drugs, may increase these undesirable effects.