Medrol

Medrol has a glucocorticoid effect.

[1]

Indications Medrola

It is used for such endocrine disorders:

• adrenal insufficiency;
• adrenal hyperplasia of congenital nature;
• thyroiditis with a chronic or subacute form;
• hypercalcemia  in individuals with oncopathology.

Also used for such lesions Oda (as an additional means to eliminate the exacerbation of the disease):

• arthritis having a psoriatic nature;
• rheumatoid arthritis subtype, as well as JRA;
• ankylosing spondylitis ;
• tendosynovit, which is in the acute phase;
• posttraumatic form osteoarthritis;
• osteoarthritis resulting from synovitis;
• acute degree of bursitis;
• arthritis arising on the background of gout;
• epicondylitis.

Acute lesions affecting connective tissues and having a systemic nature:

• rheumatic heart disease in the acute stage;
• SLE;
• general dermatomyositis;
• Horton's disease.

Lesions of the epidermis:

• puzırçatka;
• psoriasis with severe severity;
• bullous dermatitis herpetiform type;
• dermatitis with an exfoliative nature;
• SSD;
• seborrheic type of dermatitis in severe;
• mycosis, having a mushroom nature.

Allergy symptoms:

• dermatitis (atopic or contact);
• runny nose allergic;
• allergies to medication;
• BA or serum sickness.

Ocular pathologies:

• inflammation affecting the anterior eye region;
• horioretinit;
• posterior uveitis, as well as choroiditis (diffuse type);
• corneal ulcers (allergic nature);
• lesion that develops in the area of the optic nerve;
• inflammation having a sympathetic species;
• conjunctivitis with allergic etiology or keratitis;
• iridocyclitis or iritis.

Pulmonary diseases:

• symptomatic sarcoidosis;
• Leffler syndrome;
• cylinder;
• pulmonary tuberculosis (disseminated or fulminant form);
• pneumonitis, having an aspiration form.

Diseases having hematological genesis:

• having an unknown origin of thrombocytopenic purpura type;
• erythroblastopenia;
• hemolytic anemia of autoimmune nature;
• secondary thrombocytopenia;
• erythroid anemia hypoplastic nature.

It is prescribed for a palliative therapy in the case of lymphomas or leukemias, and at the same time for the elimination of ulcerative colitis and certain diseases of the national Assembly (multiple sclerosis or cerebral edema provoked by the neoplasm).

Other pathologies and conditions:

• tuberculous meningitis (accompanied by subarachnoid block);
• trichinosis;
• organ transplant.

[2], [3], [4]

Release form

The release of the medication is realized in tablet form - 4 mg each (10 pieces inside a cell pack, 1, 3 or 10 packs in a box; 30 tablets inside a glass bottle), 16 mg (10 pieces inside a blister pack, 5 packs per a box; 14 pieces inside a blister; 1 blister in a pack; 50 tablets inside a glass bottle) and 32 mg (20 or 50 tablets inside a glass bottle).

[5], [6]

Pharmacodynamics

The element methylprednisolone is a glucocorticoid type hormone. It passes through the cell walls and is synthesized with specific endings inside the cytoplasm, passes into the nucleus, is synthesized with DNA, and at the same time activates the processes of mRNA transcription and enzyme binding. Demonstrates a noticeable effect on inflammatory lesions, immune symptoms, and the metabolism of carbohydrates with proteins and fats. It has effects on skeletal muscle, systemic blood flow and NS.

In methylprednisolone, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and with this antiallergic activity is registered. It reduces the level of immunoactive cells near the inflammatory zone, normalizes lysosomal membranes, weakens vasodilation, inhibits phagocytosis and reduces the binding of PG and similar compounds.

The active ingredient has a catabolic effect on proteins. Formed amino acids undergo hepatic metabolism and are transformed into glucose along with glycogen. Inside peripheral tissues, the use of glucose by these tissues is weakened, due to which hyperglycemia and glucosuria occur.

Methylprednisolone exhibits lipogenetic and lipolytic activity within different parts of the body, resulting in a redistribution of body fat.

[7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12]

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption is carried out inside the small intestine. Indicators of protein synthesis are approximately 40-90%.

Metabolic processes develop inside the liver. The methylprednisolone component is decomposed to form elements of 20p-hydroxy-6a-methylprednisone, as well as 20p-hydroxymethylprednisolone, excreted along with urine.

The half-life of a substance from the blood is approximately 3.5 hours, and the half-life in general from the body is up to 1.5 days.

[13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18]

Dosing and administration

It is necessary to use medication orally.

At first, the size of the dosage is within 4-48 mg per day. Large portions can be used: in the case of cerebral edema - 0.2-0.9 g per day; with multiple sclerosis - 0.2 g per day; with organ transplants, 7 mg / kg per day. In the absence of the desired result after a sufficient time interval, it is necessary to cancel Medrol and select a different type of treatment.

Children's portions are selected by the attending doctor, taking into account the surface area of the child’s body or its weight. For example, individuals with adrenal insufficiency should be administered at 3.3 mg / m ² or 0.18 mg / kg per day (3 times); for other indications - 12–50 mg / m ² or 0.4–1.65 mg / kg per day (also in 3 doses). After prolonged therapy, the abolition of the drug is performed gradually.

[23]

Use Medrola during pregnancy

You can not assign Medrol nursing mothers or pregnant - to prevent the development of severe complications in a woman or fetus (baby).

Contraindications

It is contraindicated for use in individuals with allergies regarding the elements of the drug.

Caution is needed for such disorders:

• gastritis, ulcers and intestinal anastomosis;
• hyperlipidemia, HF, diabetes mellitus, non-specific ulcerative colitis, and osteoporosis;
• acute stage of psychosis;
• thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism;
• elevated blood pressure, myocardial infarction, glaucoma, chickenpox;
• liver or kidney damage, which has a severe character;
• measles, HIV or herpes tuberculosis;
• severe stages of diseases of a bacterial or viral nature.

[19], [20]

Side effects Medrola

Among the adverse events:

• metabolic disorders: sodium retention, loss of potassium, CHF, an increase in pressure, as well as a negative level of nitrogen balance;
• lesions of the musculoskeletal structure: muscle weakness, steroid myopathy, osteoporosis, and along with this tendon ruptures and tubular bones and aseptic necrosis;
• digestive disorders: pancreatitis, peptic ulcer, esophagitis, or bleeding inside the stomach;
• problems with the work of the National Assembly: an increase in ICP values or mental disorders;
• epidermal manifestations: petechiae, inhibition of wound healing processes and thinning of the epidermis;
• disorders associated with the function of the hormonal system: menstrual disorders, growth retardation in children, hirsutism, and in addition the suppression of the pituitary with the adrenal glands and the increased need for insulin in diabetics;
• eye lesions: exophthalmos or increased IOP;
• other disorders: the development of withdrawal syndrome, signs of allergies and the occurrence of hidden infections.

[21], [22]

Overdose

Poisoning medicine occurs only once. Among the manifestations - with multiple re-use over a long temporary period may develop cushingoid and other complications.

In such situations, symptomatic interventions are performed.

[24], [25]

Interactions with other drugs

Combined use with cyclosporine leads to mutual inhibition of metabolic processes.

Phenobarbital, phenytoin with ephedrine, and also rifampicin with theophylline weakens the drug activity of methylprednisolone.

Oral contraception and ketoconazole with oleandomycin inhibit the exchange processes of methylprednisolone.

The drug increases the level of aspirin clearance, and also changes the effects of anticoagulants.

The drug increases the likelihood of developing negative symptoms associated with the activity of paracetamol and SG.

NSAIDs and alcoholic beverages in combination with methylprednisolone can cause bleeding and intestinal ulceration.

The use together with antacids weakens the adsorption of the drug substance.

Medrol reduces the effects of vaccines.

The therapeutic agent potentiates the metabolic processes of isoniazid with mexelitin.

[26], [27]

Storage conditions

Medrol is required to keep in a place inaccessible to small children. Temperature values vary between 20-25 ° C.

[28], [29], [30]

Shelf life

Medrol can be used for a period of 5 years from the time the therapeutic substance is released.

[31],

Application for children

In pediatrics, medication is prescribed with extreme caution. It is required to take into account the weight of the child or the surface area of his body.

[32], [33]

Analogs

Analogues of drugs are medications Deltason, Solu-Medrol, Metipred with Prednisolone, and Depo-Medrol.

[34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39]