Lexin

Lexin contains the active element cephalexin, which is the 1st generation cephalosporin antibiotic. The drug belongs to the β-lactam substances and is used in the oral treatment of pathologies with infectious etiology.

The drug is a semi-artificial element, a derivative of 7-aminocephalosporic acid.

It demonstrates high efficiency in the treatment of various infections, the development of which is triggered by the activity of gram-positive bacteria. At the same time, the bacteriostatic effect of drugs in relation to gram-negative microbes has a lower intensity.

Indications Lexin

It is used in case of infections whose development is triggered by microbes that are sensitive to cephalexin:

• lesions associated with the urogenital tract: urethritis or prostatitis with cystitis, endometritis, bacterial vaginitis, as well as pyelonephritis in the active or chronic phase;
• infections occurring in the area of soft tissues or the epidermis: furunculosis, erysipelas, and in addition lymphaendritis, abscess or pyoderma;
• diseases affecting the ENT system: pharyngitis or sinusitis, as well as angina or otitis media;
• lesions of the respiratory tract: pneumonia, bronchitis or tracheitis;
• bone infections: osteomyelitis.

Release form

The release of drugs is implemented in the form of an oral suspension, inside the bottle with a capacity of 60 ml. Inside the box - 1 bottle together with a dosing spoon.

Also produced in capsules - 20 pieces inside a pack.

Pharmacodynamics

The drug has a powerful effect on bacteria that produce β-lactamase. The drug demonstrates a bactericidal effect by slowing down the binding processes of the biopolymers of the microbial cell walls, causing their perforation followed by the death of the microorganism. The targets of therapeutic effect are penicillin-synthesizing proteins, which exhibit enzyme activity and are involved in peptidoglycan binding (the main biopolymer of the cell wall).

Lexin has a weak toxic effect on the organism of mammals and humans, because they do not contain proteins synthesizing penicillin and peptidoglycan inside the cell walls.

Cefalexin implements a bactericidal effect against a large number of microbes, including:

• Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus (including strains that produce penicillinase), Streptococcus agalacty with pyogenic Streptococcus, angina streptococcus, Pneumococcus with Mititis Streptococcus, Streptococcus equisimilis and Bacterioides mellane-synthophycoccus Mitis, Streptococcus equisimilis and Bacterioides mellone-systrophycocci, Streptococcus bacterium
• Gram-negative microbes: Klebsiella, Salmonella, Hemophilus bacilli with intestinal bacilli, Proteus Mirabilis and Shigella.

[1]

Pharmacokinetics

After ingestion, the drug is well absorbed inside the gastrointestinal tract. The indicator of intraplasma synthesis with protein is no more than 15%, and the Cmax level of cefalexin is recorded after 60 minutes have passed since the drug has been ingested.

The drug at high speed undergoes interstitial distribution, as well as distribution with fluids. In large quantities is recorded inside the lungs with bones, soft tissue, intraocular fluid and synovia.

Lexin does not overcome the BBB, but is able to pass through the hemato-placental barrier; in small quantities, cephalexin is found inside the amniotic fluid. The drug is secreted with mother's milk. Metabolism inside the body is not exposed, excreted mostly unchanged through the kidneys.

The term half-life when consumed inside equals 50-60 minutes. Peritoneal and hemodialysis help lower the blood values of cephalexin.

[2],

Dosing and administration

Use of oral suspension.

Dosages of 0.125 g / 5 ml or 0.25 g / 5 ml are applied. The drug can be administered not only adults but also children, starting from the moment of birth.

To make a suspension, to dissolve, you should use boiled water, pre-cooled to room temperature. The bottle with the powder is turned over and shaken before dissolving - to prevent the appearance of lumps. Next, a third of the powder is poured with water, shaken, another third of the liquid is poured and then shaken again; then pour water until the marked mark on the bottle, then leave the mixture to stand for 5 minutes. It must be remembered that before each use, the medicine should be shaken to obtain a uniform mixture.

The child is recommended to use the day for 25-50 mg / kg of the drug. If the patient has a severe condition, the portion is doubled. In the case of otitis media flowing in the active phase and having a bacterial origin, the child should be administered per day at 0.075-0.1 g / kg. Daily dosage is divided into 2-4 use, produced at equal time intervals.

In the case of infections that occur without complications, the therapeutic cycle lasts 7-10 days.

The prepared suspension is divided into portions using a dosing spoon; infants up to 12 months of age should eat 1-spoonful of Lexin 125 or 0.5 spoons of Lexin 250, 3-4 times a day.

A child of 1-3 years old uses 1 well spoon of a substance with a volume of 0.25 g 3 times a day.

A child of 3-6 years old - 1.5 spoons (0.25 g), 3 times a day.

For a child over 6 years of age, it is necessary to take 2 spoons (0.25 g) 3-4 times per day.

One dosing spoon of the drug has a volume of 5 ml (as a suspension).

In the case of streptococcal pharyngitis, epidermal lesions and infections of the urinary ducts (of a moderate nature), it is required to apply 0.25 g of drug at 6-hour intervals, or 0.5 g of drug at 12-hour breaks. In the case of severe pathology or infections with complications, the portion of Leksin is doubled.

An adult often needs to administer 2–4 g of drugs per day. Daily dosage should be divided into several uses with equal time intervals.

Persons with kidney problems need to change the portion of the drug, taking into account the level of QC.

The introduction of capsules with a volume of 0.5 g

Medication in this form is prescribed to adolescents over the age of 12 and adults.

In the case of moderate lesions (without the development of complications), 0.5 g of the drug is often used at 6-hour intervals. This course usually lasts 7-10 days.

If the infection is severe, the daily dosage of the drug is increased to 4 g.

In cases of lesions of streptococcal genesis, the therapy should be continued for at least 10 days.

[4]

Use Lexin during pregnancy

Prescribing medication during pregnancy is allowed only under constant medical supervision and in the presence of strict indications. Cephalexin does not have mutagenic, embryotoxic and teratogenic effects on the fetus.

Since the active substance is excreted in breast milk, the drug is very carefully used for breastfeeding. Therefore, before using, you need to decide on the need to cancel breastfeeding.

Contraindications

It is contraindicated to use with strong personal sensitivity to the elements of the drug or cephalosporin antibiotics.

Caution is required in the case of use in individuals with a history of severe intolerance regarding penicillins, because it can provoke a cross-allergy between these categories of antibiotics.

Also used with caution in disorders of the kidneys or liver.

Diabetics need to take into account that Lexine oral suspension contains sucrose.

[3]

Side effects Lexin

Among the main adverse events:

• signs associated with the work of the gastrointestinal tract: disorder of stool, nausea, pain affecting epigastrium, vomiting and colitis of the pseudomembranous variety. The increase in the activity of the action of liver enzymes or hepatitis of a toxic nature is rarely observed;
• disorders of hematopoietic activity: thrombocyto-, neutro- or leukopenia and agranulocytosis;
• problems with the work of the central nervous system and PNS: disorder of the daily regimen, dizziness, convulsions, headaches, a state of apathy or strong arousal and tremor;
• disorders of the urogenital tract: vaginitis (this includes its candida species) and tubulointerstitial nephritis;
• allergy symptoms: erythema, anaphylaxis, epidermal rashes, hyperemia, affecting the upper torso and face, as well as itching, angioedema, and SDS;
• other manifestations: increase in the values of PTV and false testimony during the analysis of sugar.

Overdose

Lexin poisoning causes nausea, diarrhea, pain in the epigastric zone and vomiting. The subsequent increase in the portion can lead to the appearance of signs of arousal NA (convulsions, as well as tremor).

Does not have an antidote. In case of intoxication, gastric lavage and enterosorbent use are performed. Symptomatic actions are performed. To reduce the performance of the drug, peritoneal or hemodialysis is performed.

[5]

Interactions with other drugs

When a drug is combined with indirect anticoagulants, potentiation of their activity occurs.

The drug can not be combined with ethyl alcohol, because of what for the period of therapy should abandon the use of alcoholic beverages.

Lexin should not be used with chloramphenicol and tetracyclines.

Substances that have an intense diuretic effect, as well as drugs that demonstrate nephrotoxic activity, increase the cephalexin nephrotoxicity.

[6], [7]

Storage conditions

Lexin is required to keep in a place protected from moisture. Temperature - in the range of 15-25 ° C.

[8]

Shelf life

Lexin can be used for a 3-year term since the production of the therapeutic substance.

Analogs

Analogs of drugs are substances Ampioks, Erythromycin, Cefalexin and Doxycycline with Augmentin, and in addition Poteptil, Ospexin and Tetracycline, Biseptol and Amoxicillin with Oleandomycin Phosphate, and Cefotaxime and Vilprafen. In addition, Oflobak, Tsiprolet, Sulfadimezin and Zinnat with benzylpenicillin sodium salt, Miramistin, Cefazolin and Amoxiclav are on the list.

[9], [10], [11], [12]