Actrapid

Actrapid is an antidiabetic medicine that is a short-acting insulin. The drug is made using biotechnology with the participation of recombinant DNA and the use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain. Is human insulin.

The drug interacts with the end of the external cytoplasmic cell wall, forming an insulin-receptor compound. The drug activates intracellular activity, stimulating the processes of biosynthesis of cAMP elements, or passing into the muscle cell.

Indications Attard

It is used for diabetes. Because the therapeutic effect develops quickly enough, the drug is used in the case of emergency conditions, against which there are disorders of glycemic control.

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Release form

The release of drugs is in the form of injection fluid, inside the bottle with a capacity of 10 ml. In a pack - 1 such bottle.

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Pharmacodynamics

The decline in sugar is due to the potentiation of its intracellular movement and tissue absorption, by activating protein binding and lipogenesis with glycogenogenesis, and in addition to reducing the rate of hepatic glucose production and so on.

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Pharmacokinetics

The drug begins to act after half an hour from the moment of introduction. The maximum effect is observed for 2.5 hours on average. In general, the medicinal effect lasts for 7-8 hours.

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Dosing and administration

To enter a medicine it is necessary in / in or p / to in the way. The medical specialist should select the dosage, taking into account the personal insulin need of the patient. Usually per day the portion is 0.3-1 IU / kg. In the case of insulin resistance, this need may increase, and with residual internal insulin production, it can be weakened. It is necessary to closely monitor blood sugar levels in patients.

If you have problems with the liver or kidneys, the insulin need decreases, so the dosage must be adjusted.

Actrapid is allowed to combine with insulins that have a lasting effect.

The drug is administered 30 minutes before eating a meal or a light carbohydrate snack. Usually, an injection is made in a s / c method in the area of the anterior wall of the peritoneum - this is necessary to accelerate the suction process. In addition, you can perform the introduction to the zone of the deltoid shoulder or gluteus muscles, as well as in the thigh. To prevent the appearance of lipodystrophy, the area of injections is constantly changing.

Intravenous injections can only be performed by a physician. Intramuscular injections are made only from a medical appointment.

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Use Attard during pregnancy

Because insulin does not overcome the placenta, it can be used during pregnancy for the treatment of diabetes. During pregnancy, you need to strengthen control over blood sugar and the process of therapy in pregnant women with diabetes. Also, such control is increased if the conception is conceived, because, in the absence of appropriate measures, hyper- or hypoglycemia may occur, which increase the likelihood of fetal development abnormalities or death.

Insulin need is attenuated in the 1st trimester and significantly increased in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters. After the birth of the child, these indicators quickly return to the original.

There are no restrictions on the use of Actrapid during lactation, because it does not lead to any risks to the infant. But it may be necessary to change a woman’s diet or adjust a portion of the drug.

Contraindications

Contraindicated use in hypoglycemia or insuloma.

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Side effects Attard

The main side effects are allergy symptoms, including rashes and angioedema. The lipodystrophy was occasionally noted. Resistance may also be observed with regard to Actrapid.

Overdose

In case of intoxication, an increase in appetite, hyperhidrosis, severe blanching and agitation, headaches, insomnia, tremor, feeling of palpitations and mouth pesthesia are observed. When using excessively large portions, the patient may become comatose.

With a slight degree of hypoglycemia, you need to eat some sugar or some product that contains a lot of sugar. If the poisoning is severe, an intramuscular injection of glucagon (1 mg) is performed. When needed, additional use of concentrated glucose fluids is made.

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Interactions with other drugs

Hypoglycemic effect of insulin containing ethyl alcohol, and fenfluramine with mebendazole. Alcoholic beverages potentiate and prolong the activity of Actrapid.

The weakening of the hypoglycemic properties of the drug occurs when combined with heparin, diazoxide, thyroid hormones, oral contraception, phenytoin, and in addition with sympathomimetics, GCS, tricyclics, clonidine, danazole, diuretic thiazide character, nicotine, blockers Ca and morphine.

The effects of the medication may decrease and potentiate with the introduction of salicylates or reserpine.

Lanreotide with octreotide is able to potentiate or weaken the insulin requirement.

The use of β-blockers may hide the signs of hypoglycemia, interfering with its treatment.

Separate medications, for example, those that contain sulfites or thiols, can lead to insulin degradation.

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Storage conditions

Actrapid is required to keep in a dark and dry place, closed from the penetration of children. It is forbidden to freeze the liquid. Temperature indicators - in the range of 2-8 ° C. An opened bottle should be kept at room temperature.

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Shelf life

Actrapid can be used for a 30-month term from the time the therapeutic substance is produced. The shelf life of the opened bottle is 1.5 months.

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Application for children

Means of human biosynthetic insulin are safe and effective when used in diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents of any age.

The daily insulin requirement in a child is determined by taking into account his weight and age, the stage of pathology, dietary regimen, physical exertion, as well as the dynamics of glycemia indicators and the level of insulin resistance.

Analogs

Analogues of the medication are Insular Asset, Humodar with Novorapid Penfil, Epaydra, Novorapid Flekspen and Humulin Regular with Humalog.

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Reviews

Actrapid is considered to be an effective and reliable medicine, thanks to which glycemia can be reliably controlled. Also in the comments noted the high rate of development of therapeutic effects.

From the negative aspects, an inconvenient dosage form - injection fluid, which often needs to be administered under medical supervision - is distinguished.

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