Ceftriabol

Ceftriabol is a cephalosporin antibiotic with high drug efficacy. It has a very wide range of bactericidal activity. The most qualitative effect on many gram-positive and negative aerobes with anaerobes (this includes those who are resistant to semi-artificial and natural penicillins, 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins, as well as aminoglycosides).

Does not demonstrate effects on fecal enterococci, Listeria monocytogenes, enterococci, fecium and methicillin-resistant staphylococci.

[1], [2]

Indications Ceftriabola

It is used for the following violations:

• bacterial infections caused by pathogens that demonstrate sensitivity to ceftriaxone: meningitis and septicemia, which are bacterial in nature, and peritoneal lesions (this includes peritonitis);
• diseases with an infectious-inflammatory nature in the area of the GIT and GI: cholangitis with cholecystitis and empyema affecting the gallbladder;
• lesions of an infectious-inflammatory nature in the pelvic area: endometritis with parametritis, pelvioperitonitis and salpingo-oophoritis;
• active phase of otitis media;
• infections of the joints, epidermis, bones and subcutaneous tissues;
• damage to the kidneys and urethra (with or without complications);
• tick-borne borreliosis;
• uneventful gonorrhea;
• infections of the lower respiratory tract area: pleural empyema, pulmonary abscess, or pneumonia.

Ceftriabol can be used to prevent infection in the case of operations, and in addition for infections in people with weakened immunity.

[3], [4]

Release form

The release of the medicament is realized in the form of a lyophilisate for the performance of i / v and v / m injections, inside the vials with a volume of 20 or 100 ml.

Pharmacodynamics

The pharmacokinetics of a drug are determined by the size of the dosage used.

With intravenous administration of 500, 1000 or 2000 mg of the drug, after half an hour, its serum values are 82, 151 or 257 mg / l, respectively. After 120 minutes, there is a decrease in the indices to 48, 67, and 154 mg / l. After 24 hours, these values are 5, 9 and 15 mg / l.

With intramuscular injection, the Cmax level is recorded after 2 hours.

The bioavailability index of the drug is 100%.

Ceftriaxone can pass inside fluids with tissues. During the day, its high rates are noted inside the lungs, liver, heart, bile ducts, palatine tonsils with middle ear, bones, prostate secretions, peritoneal pleural fluids, synovia and cerebrospinal fluid, as well as on the nasal mucous membranes. Inside the mother's milk, the drug passes in minimal concentrations.

Excretion is done in 2 ways: through the kidneys in an unchanged condition (33-67%); the remainder of the unchanged element is excreted in the bile, later transformed inside the intestine into non-active metabolic components excreted by the intestine.

[5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10],

Dosing and administration

Apply the drug you need intravenously or intramuscularly. To dissolve the lyophilisate, liquids that contain Ca ions cannot be used. In the case of severe infections (or with a single use of a portion of more than 1000 mg), it is recommended to use the IV method.

The doctor personally selects the therapeutic scheme taking into account the age and condition of the patient, as well as the type of the disease. In the case of severe hepatic lesions (with normal kidney function) - or vice versa - a reduction of a portion of the drug is not required. People with problems with the work of the kidneys and liver at the same time, the size of the daily portion without detecting plasma values of ceftriaxone should be a maximum of 2000 mg.

In the case of a / m injection, 2000 mg of lyophilisate is dissolved in 1% lidocaine fluid (7 ml). You need to take the medicine deep inside the gluteus maximus. To use lidocaine intravenously is contraindicated.

For intravenous procedures, 2000 mg of the drug is diluted in 5% or 10% dextrose liquid or 0.9% NaCl (50 ml). Need to enter through the infusion at low speed - at least half an hour.

[19], [20], [21]

Use Ceftriabola during pregnancy

Pregnant ceftriabol is prescribed only with strict indications, when the likely benefit is more expected than the risk of complications in the fetus. It is necessary to carry out therapy under very close monitoring.

When lactation medication can not be used.

[11], [12], [13]

Contraindications

It is contraindicated in people with intolerance to ceftriaxone with penicillin, carbapenems and other cephalosporin antibiotics.

With extreme caution used in the case of severe stages of kidney disease or liver and ulcerative form of colitis of a non-specific nature, which is caused by the use of antibacterial drugs.

[14], [15]

Side effects Ceftriabola

Main adverse symptoms:

• disorders of the digestive function: diarrhea, nausea, colitis pseudomembranous nature and vomiting;
• lesions of the blood-forming organs: thrombocyto-, neutro-, leuco or lymphopenia, anemia, thrombocytosis and eosinophilia;
• disorders associated with the urogenital tract: thrush or vaginitis;
• problems with the activity of the National Assembly: headaches or dizziness;
• allergy symptoms: fever, itching, chills, and rash;
• local manifestations: phlebitis, induration in the area along the vein and pain (intravenous injection) or a feeling of severe tightness or heat and induration in the area of application (intramuscular injection).

Occasionally, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, jaundice, convulsions, heart rhythm disorder, basophilia, nose bleeding, bronchospasm and anaphylaxis, and in addition, agranulocytosis, lymphocytosis or leukocytosis, and also pneumonitis of an allergic nature. There may be hot flashes and hyperhidrosis.

[16], [17], [18]

Overdose

When intoxication is observed vomiting with confusion, diarrhea, but also nausea and convulsions.

The antidote is missing. Peritoneal or hemodialysis procedures do not allow a decrease in a substance’s performance. Symptomatic therapeutic measures are performed.

Interactions with other drugs

Lyophilisate can be combined with 0.9% NaCl, 5% and 10% dextrose solutions. To make a medicine, you can use a mixed solvent - 5% dextrose with 0.9% NaCl.

For dilution of the powder can not use solvents, which include Ca ions (among those solutions of Hartman and Ringer).

The drug does not have drug compatibility with vancomycin, fluconazole, and aminoglycosides, so they can not be combined inside a single syringe or infusion system.

The combination of medication with NSAIDs increases the likelihood of bleeding.

[22], [23], [24], [25], [26]

Storage conditions

Ceftriabol must be kept in a dark place, with temperature indicators not exceeding 25 ° C.

Shelf life

Ceftriabol can be used for a 24-month term from the time a drug is sold. The finished solution retains its properties for 6 (temperature within 5-25 ° C) and 24 hours (temperature within 2-5 ° C).

Application for children

It is impossible to prescribe medication to newborns with hyperbilirubinemia, or if they are injected with fluids, which include the component Ca2 +.

It is used with extreme caution in premature newborn babies.

Analogs

Analogues of drugs are the substances Hazaran, Cefson, Torotsef with Lendazin, and in addition Medaxon, Broadsef-S, Stericef with Loraxon and Ceftrifin with Cefaxone.