Emend

Emend is an anti-emetic medicine.

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Indications of the emenda

It is used for monotherapy or complex treatment together with other antiemetics to prevent acute as well as delayed vomiting that develops due to the use of antitumor drugs with varying degrees of emetogenicity.

Release form

The release is made in the form of capsules with a volume of 125 mg, inside the blisters. In the box, 1, 2, 4 or 5 and 10 capsules.

Pharmacodynamics

The drug is a selective antagonist of the endings of NK-1 and substance P, which has a high affinity. It has an effect on the function of the vomiting center, preventing vomiting that arises from the use of chemotherapeutic drugs.

Emend passes into the brain, synthesized there with NK endings, and prevents the development of acute as well as delayed stage of vomiting, which is caused by the action of cisplatin. Along with this, the drug potentiates the antiemetic properties of substances ondansetron and dexamethasone.

Pharmacokinetics

The medicine is quickly absorbed from the digestive tract, and the peak value within the blood reaches after 3 hours after ingestion. The level of bioavailability of the substance is 60%. Eating does not have a significant effect on bioavailability.

Synthesis with blood protein is high, is 95%. The substance passes through the BBB. Biotransformation processes occur by oxidation of the drug element within the liver.

Excretion of metabolic products is carried out through the kidneys with the intestine.

Dosing and administration

Emend is used orally, regardless of meals. Drink capsules should be in the period of 3 days, combining them with GCS, as well as antagonists of serotonin endings. With a 3-day regimen, the dosage is 125 mg. On the 1st day you need to use drugs for 1 hour before using chemotherapy drugs, and on the 2nd and 3rd days - in the morning to 80 mg.

The mode of application of drugs is determined by the degree of expression of the emetogenicity of chemotherapeutic drugs.

Use of the emenda during pregnancy

Comprehensive controlled tests regarding the use of Emend in pregnant women have not been conducted. You can prescribe medication only in cases where the benefits of using it are more likely than the risks of complications in the fetus or woman.

In studies on rats, it was found that the drug component is excreted in breast milk. No data on the presence / absence of risk for infants 

Contraindications

The main contraindications:

• the presence of hypersensitivity to the drug;
• combined use with substances astemizole, pimozide, as well as terfenadine and cisapride;
• insufficiency of the liver in pronounced form.

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Side effects of the emenda

The use of medication can lead to the appearance of such side effects:

• headaches with dizziness, photophobia, a feeling of drowsiness and severe fatigue;
• swelling, itching, hyperhidrosis, hot flushes;
• runny nose, sneezing, coughing;
• taste disorders, nausea, anorexia, dyspepsia, thirst, flatulence, constipation, and dryness of the oral mucosa;
• myalgia, hyperglycemia, bradycardia, as well as spasms in the muscles and dysuria.

Overdose

Basically Emend is transferred without complications. Only a single occurrence of headaches and a feeling of drowsiness.

Interactions with other drugs

Emende induces metabolic processes of warfarin with tolbutamide. Aprepitant has no pronounced effect on the pharmacokinetic properties of the 5HT3-antagonist drugs (such as hydrodolaser, granisetron, and ondansetron).

Combination with hormonal contraception weakens their medicinal effect.

When combined with drugs inducing the element CYP3A4 (such as rifampin), it is possible to weaken the therapeutic effects of Emend.

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Storage conditions

Emend must be kept in a place inaccessible to small children. Temperature values are within 25 ° C.

Shelf life

Emend is allowed to be used for 4 years from the date of manufacture of the drug.

Application for children

There is no information on the effectiveness and safety of the use of medication in children, which is why it is prohibited for this category of patients.

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Analogues

Analogues of the drug are the following drugs: Emets with Emetron and Emtron, and in addition, Osetrin with Tropissetron, Navoban, Stetronone and Zofetron. The list also includes Omstrón, Isotron, Do-megan, Ondansetron, Zofran and Granitron.

Reviews

Emend is often used to prevent the onset of nausea, as well as prevent the development of delayed or acute vomiting. The reviews show that the powerful antiemetogenic effect of drugs has a high efficiency. A medication is considered a medicine of choice in case of selection of medicines required during the period of chemotherapy procedures.