Semax

Semax is a medicament that increases the capacity for work, both physical and mental. Belongs to the class of peptides and has a neuroprotective, actiocyanic, nootropic, psychostimulating and antihypoxic effect.

[1], [2], [3], [4]

Indications of the semax

Since Semax has two dosages, its indications for therapeutic treatment are different.

Semax 0.1%:

Are common:

• To increase the parameter of stress resistance in stressed working moments;
• To reduce the emotional load.

Persons up to the age of eighteen:

• Adaptation (in kindergarten, school period);
• Hyperactivity;
• Deterioration of attention, ability to perceive and remember various information.

In ophthalmology:

• glaucoma;
• edema and atrophy of the optic nerve;
• opticoneuropaia of various origin, and its prevention;
• prevention of damage to the optic nerve in the presence of ophthalmic hypertension.

In Neurology:

• Prevention of ischemic stroke;
• The rehabilitation period after a stroke;
• ITC;
• Rehabilitation after postnarcotic disorders;
• Cognitive impairment, as well as astheno-neurotic disorders;
• Disorders of cerebral circulation of a chronic nature;
• Ischemic attacks.

In neurosurgery:

• Postponed surgical treatment on the brain.

In gerontology:

• Decreased memory, absent-mindedness;
• Senile dementia and complications of the nervous system;
• Reduced emotional stability.

In the narcology:

• Therapy of withdrawal symptoms;
• Reduction of the period of intoxication and decrease in the manifestations of ethanol poisoning.

Semax with a dosage of 1%:

• Stroke, including acute period;
• Conditions after a stroke;
• Migraine;
• Ischemic attacks;
• Neuralgia.

[5], [6], [7]

Release form

The drug exists in two forms. These are vials, only in one case the cap has the form of a pipette, and in the second - droppers. Moreover, they also have the same volume - 3ml, but different percentages of the drug: 0.1% and 1%. Each bottle is supplemented with instructions and is in a carton.

[8], [9], [10]

Pharmacodynamics

Semax is characterized by several mechanisms of action on the central nervous system:

1. Neurometabolic: manifests itself even when using the drug in a small dose, while increasing attention. The medicine stimulates the development of memory, helps with learning. And it also improves the strengthening of the memorable trace. In addition, the body quickly gets used to such conditions as: oxygen starvation, anesthesia and cerebral ischemia. Stimulating the cholinergic neurons, Semax, in certain brain structures, increases the intensity of the hydrolytic enzyme belonging to the esterase group.

2. Neuronoprotective: triggering local inflammation and disrupting the activity of trophic factors, Semax, thereby, affects the processes of delayed neuronal death. Due to a decrease in glucose and oxygen levels, Semax, has a neurotropic effect on the cholinergic group. It is very strong, commensurate with the growth factor of the nerves. In addition, the drug, already at the gene level, triggers the NGF compound and their difference. Also, due to influence on trigger molecular mechanisms, normalizing the balance of cytokines and increasing the level of factors reducing inflammation, Semax activates the synthesis of SOD, lowers the level of cGMP and causes inhibition of LPO.

3. Antioxidant and antihypoxic: With a gradual increase in dosages, Semax, without reducing its neuro-metabolic action, begins to manifest antioxidant, angioprotective and antihypotoxic effects. All this has a positive effect on the habituation of the human body to oxygen starvation. Post-hyperventilation EEG-effects, the cause of which lies in the compensatory decrease in the blood flow of the brain.

With the intranasal route of administration, Semax begins to show activity after four minutes and lasts for 20 to 24 hours. This phenomenon is due to degradation, which passes consistently. Therefore, the neuropeptide does not lose its enzymes, but retains them in its fragments.

The drug does not have a local irritant effect, as well as teratogenic, embryotoxic and mutagenic properties. Semax does not cause allergies and is slightly toxic for one-time or long-term use.

[11], [12]

Pharmacokinetics

The drug is characterized by simple pharmacokinetics. Getting on the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx, it is almost instantly absorbed. Bioavailability at the same time is about seventy percent. Following Semak, seeping through the semipermeable barrier between the blood and the nervous tissue, is distributed to all organs. Then, after getting into the circulatory system and tissues, biological decomposition occurs to individual amino acids.

[13], [14], [15], [16], [17],

Dosing and administration

The medicine is taken intranasally.

To do this, you need to perform a number of actions:

1. The tip of the pipette should be removed.

2. Fill the entire pipette container. To do this, turn the bottle and tap on it with your index finger.

3. Then, easily pressing on the wide part of the dropper, drip the desired drops.

Doses:

Nasal droplets Semax 0.1%:

One droplet is 50 μg of drug substance. Dose at one time, administered at a rate of 3-30 mcg / kg. This is approximately 200 to 2000 μg (2-3 drops in each nasal cavity). The dose per day should not exceed 500 -5000 mgk.

If you need to introduce an additional number of drops, thereby increasing the dosage, you should wait a period of ten to fifteen minutes.

Usually, the use of the drug is between three and five days. But also, if necessary, you can extend the treatment to fourteen days.

1. With pathological processes in the optic nerve, the duration of therapy will be 7-10 days. In this case, the dose per day will be 600-900 mcg. This is instillation of two or three drops into one and the other nasal passage for a day. It is also possible to use the drug by introducing ions into the hospital.

2. Children Semax should be used twice a day, one to two drops per nose in each nasal cavity. The dose for one day of treatment will be 20-400 μg. The duration of the drug is a month.

Nasal drops Semax 1%:

In one drop there is approximately 500 mg of active ingredient.

1. Stroke of medium degree. The drug is used three to four times a day, adhering to an interval of 4 hours. Bury at once two or three drops in each nasal passage (4-6 drops). For a day, the dose should not exceed 12-24 drops (6000-12000 μg).

2. Stroke severe. Single dose increases to three to four drops in both nasal passages. Apply after a period of 2.5-3 hours to five times a day (24-40 drops).

Duration of admission usually does not exceed ten days.

[20], [21], [22], [23], [24]

Use of the semax during pregnancy

Periods of gestation and lactation are contraindications for the use of Semax.

Contraindications

Do not use Semax nose drops in the following cases:

• bearing of the child;
• lactation;
• if the child is not yet five years old;
• anxiety disorders;
• psychoses of an acute nature;
• seizures in the medical history.

Negative actions

There may be a slight irritant effect on the nasal mucosa, provided that drops are used for a long period of time.

[18], [19]

Overdose

When conducting studies with an increase in a single dose of the drug, there were no cases of overdose.

[25], [26],

Interactions with other drugs

Since the drug is quickly absorbed and enters the blood, and then rapidly collapses, it does not have time to enter the gastrointestinal tract. This explains the absence of incompatible interactions with other medicines. It is only worth noting that because of the intranasal method of using Semax, one should not use it with various vasoconstrictive drugs.

[27], [28], [29]

Storage conditions

The medicine should be stored at a temperature not exceeding 10 ° C, in a dark cool place. Semax should not be frozen.

[30], [31]

Special instructions

Reviews

The drug is in great demand among doctors and patients, due to the lack of many negative effects, which are full of its counterparts.

Many people emphasize the effectiveness of this medication in people who have had a stroke. Also, the drug has a positive effect on brain function, helping to stimulate its work.

Shelf life

Do not store the medicine after two years.

[32], [33]