Lusteth

Lust is an antitumor drug that has a plant base.

Indications of the lasteta

It is used to treat germinogenic type tumors in the ovaries or testes, and in addition to lung cancer.

There is also information on the effectiveness of drug use in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease, urea cancer, NHL, acute leukemia (myeloblastic as well as monoblastic type), trophoblastic tumors, gastric cancer, as well as neuroblastoma and Kaposi's angiosarcoma.

[1]

Release form

The release takes place in capsules with a volume of 25, 50 or 100 mg, 10 pieces inside the blister cell. Inside the pack contains 1 blister plate with capsules of 100 mg; 2 blister plates with capsules of 50 mg; 4 blister plates with capsules of 25 mg.

Pharmacodynamics

Etoposide is a semi-synthetic substance derived from podophyllotoxin. It acts by slowing the topoisomerase II. The substance has cytotoxic properties, damaging DNA. The drug interferes with the processes of mitosis, leading to cell death during the G2 stage, as well as during the late S-stage of the mitotic cycle. A high level of substance provokes cell lysis during the pre-stomatological stage.

In addition, etoposide interferes with the passage of nucleotides through the plasma membrane, not allowing DNA to be synthesized and recovered.

[2]

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration, the active substance is absorbed from the digestive tract. The average level of bioavailability is 50% and it remains so, regardless of eating.

The medicine is observed inside saliva, pleural fluid, kidneys and spleen, and also inside the myometrium and the liver and brain tissues. Passes through the placenta and BBB. The values of the substance inside the cerebrospinal fluid range from unknown values to 5% of the concentration level inside the blood plasma. There is no information about the ingestion of drugs into the mother's milk. Protein synthesis inside the plasma is approximately 90%.

The drug undergoes an active metabolic process, and its excretion takes place in 2 stages. The average half-life in adults who have no problems with liver and kidney function is approximately 0.6-2 hours. At the final stage, this indicator is in the range of 5.3-10.8 hours. In a child with a healthy hepatic and renal function, the mean half-life of the substance at the initial stage is 0.6-1.4 hours, and at the final stage - about 3-5.8 hours.

Etoposide is excreted unchanged (29% of the substance) and in the form of metabolites (approximately 15%) along with urine for 48-72 hours. About 2-16% of drugs are excreted with feces.

Dosing and administration

The sizes of doses are appointed individually, taking into account the applied chemotherapeutic scheme. In the case of oral administration, the drug is taken every day at 50 mg / m ²   during the 14-21 day. Then the cycle is repeated at intervals of 28 days, or taken for 5 days at 100-200 mg / m ², making 3-week intervals between courses.

The course can be repeated only after the stabilization of the values of peripheral blood. During the selection of dosages, it is necessary to take into account the myelosuppressive properties of other drugs when combined, and in addition the effect of chemotherapy as well as radiation therapy that was performed before this.

[5]

Use of the lasteta during pregnancy

Use Lusteth during pregnancy is prohibited.

Contraindications

The main contraindications:

• intolerance to etoposide or additional elements of drugs;
• pronounced stage of myelosuppression;
• problems in the work of the kidneys or liver in a pronounced form;
• acute forms of infectious processes;
• lactation period.

There is no data on the efficacy, as well as the safety of use of drugs in childhood.

Side effects of the lasteta

Use of the medicine can cause such side effects:

• damage to the hematopoietic system: a reduction in the number of granulocytes with leukocytes (this value depends on the size of the dose taken and is considered the most basic toxic symptom of drugs, because of which it is required to limit the size of the dosage). The peak of the decrease in the number of granulocytes is mainly observed in the period 7-14 days after the use of the drug. Thrombocytopenia develops more seldom, and the peak decrease in the level of platelets is noted during the 9-16th day. Blood values are restored often to the 20th day after taking a standard dose. Sometimes anemia is noted;
• reactions of the gastrointestinal tract: approximately 30-40% of those who are treated have vomiting with nausea. Often, these symptoms are of moderate severity, and it is rarely necessary to cancel the medication because of them. To control such complications, antiemetic drugs should be used. Along with this, abdominal pains, anorexia with esophagitis, stomatitis and dysphagia, as well as diarrhea were observed. Sometimes, transient hyperbilirubinemia is mildly marked and transaminases are increased. Often, such a disorder develops in the case of taking excessively high doses;
• disorders of the function of CCC: as a result of rapid intravenous injection of the drug in 1-2% of those treated there was a transient decrease in the level of blood pressure, which was often restored after stopping the injection and injecting fluid or other supporting treatment. If the administration of the drug is to be resumed, it is recommended to reduce the injection rate;
• manifestations of allergy: signs that are similar to anaphylactic symptoms - for example, tachycardia, chills, dyspnoea, fever and spasm of the bronchi;
• dermatological lesions: treatable alopecia (sometimes it can cause a complete loss of hair - about 66% of those treated). Occasionally, itching or pigmentation develops. Single recurrence of the radial form of dermatitis was noted;
• other symptoms: occasionally a feeling of severe fatigue or drowsiness, and in addition polyneuropathy, residual taste in the mouth, muscle cramps, fever, temporary blindness, having cortical origin, hyperuricemia or metabolic acidosis.

[3], [4]

Interactions with other drugs

The antitumor properties of the drug are potentiated when combined with a cisplatin substance, but in this case it is necessary to take into account that people who previously used cisplatin may have problems with the excretion of etoposide.

As a result of the combination of Lastte and cyclosporine, the half-life of etoposide is 2 times longer.

[6], [7]

Storage conditions

It should be kept in a place inaccessible to children, and also at room temperature within 5-25 ° С.

Special instructions

Reviews

Lustette is a fairly effective remedy, but feedback about it is demonstrated by the fact that its reception often causes the development of negative reactions - an increase in bilirubin, and in addition a change in the values of erythrocytes, as well as hemoglobin.

The reaction to chemotherapy in all patients is different - for someone, the initial courses go without complications, while others cause vomiting with nausea and loss of appetite.

Shelf life

A 50 ml and 100 mg capsule can be used in the period of 3 years, and in capsules with a volume of 25 mg - 2.5 years from the date of release of the drug.