Azax

Azax is an antibacterial drug that is applied orally.

Indications Azax

The medicine is prescribed to eliminate infectious pathologies of diverse localization, caused by pathogenic microbes that have sensitivity to azithromycin. Among them:

• infectious pathologies in the ENT organs, and along with this airway - such as chronic or acute form of bronchitis, and in addition pharyngitis with laryngitis or sinusitis, viral pneumonia or inflammation of the middle ear;
• infections of organs in the genitourinary system: diseases such as prostatitis, endocervicitis, colpitis, bacterial form of urethritis (also gonorrheal form of urethritis);
• infectious processes in the skin and soft tissues: furunculosis, tick-borne borreliosis (stage 1), pyoderma, erysipelas, and in addition relapse in patients with dermatitis.

[1]

Release form

Produced in the form of tablets. One blister contains 1 or 3 tablets. One package contains 1 blister plate.

Pharmacodynamics

The active substance of the drug is azithromycin. This is a semi-synthetic antibiotic, which is formed as a result of the penetration of the nitrogen atom into the 14-membered lactone ring, as a result of which it becomes non-lactonic. This compound becomes resistant to acid.

Azithromycin is an antimicrobial drug from the subgroup of azalides, which is included in the category of macrolides. The medicine, like many other macrolide means, does not have a toxic effect on the body. The active substance of the drug has a wide range of action, has a mainly bacteriostatic effect, but in large dosages it can acquire bactericidal properties with respect to individual strains.

The effect of the drug is due to its ability to slow down protein synthesis (it changes the ribosomal 50S substance, which leads to the development of peptidranslokase inhibition). Because of the slowing down of protein synthesis, bacterial cells lose the ability to later reproduce and grow. The drug effectively acts both against intracellular pathogens, and against external ones.

Azithromycin is quite effective against strains of the following pathogenic microbes:

Gram-positive aerobes, including strains that produce β-lactamase: Staphylococcus aureus, epidermal staphylococcus, pneumococcus, streptococcus agalactia, streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus viridans, group C streptococcus, group F streptococcus and group G streptococcus.

Gram-negative aerobes: Ducrea stick, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Kampilobacter vaginitis, E. Coli, Gardnerella vaginalis, Legionella pneumophila, pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis, Moraxella cataris, Gonococcus, Yersinia, Shigella, and Salmonella.

Gram-negative anaerobes: clostridium perfringence, peptostreptococci, and also Bacteroides bivius.

In addition, the drug effectively fights against infections caused by strains of Chlamydia pneumonia, Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealiticum, Mycoplasma pneumonia, Borrelia Burgdorfer, pale treponema, and Listeria monocytogenes.

Resistance to the effects of drugs have strains of such microbes: acitetobacter, pseudomonas and enterobacteria.

Azithromycin has a cross-resistance to erythromycin.

In addition to the antimicrobial effect, the active component of Azax has pronounced anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties.

[2], [3], [4]

Pharmacokinetics

After ingestion, the drug is rapidly absorbed from the digestive tract, its active component is not exposed to the acidic gastric environment. The bioavailability of the substance is approximately 37%, the peak plasma concentration level reaches 3 hours after the drug is consumed. The level of binding to plasma proteins is low enough. In tissues, azithromycin is contained in higher concentrations than in plasma. Drug concentration of the active component is observed inside the lower, upper respiratory system, soft tissues, prostate, skin and joints, and in addition to other tissues with organs.

The half-life is 15-20 hours. After 1 week after the final use of drugs in tissues, it is possible to determine drug concentrations of the active ingredient.

Excretion is mainly carried out through the liver. The substance is removed from the body in an unchanged form. A small part of the medication can also be observed in the urine.

[5], [6], [7]

Dosing and administration

The duration of the treatment course, as well as the size of the dosage is determined by the treating doctor - the figures are individual for all patients. They depend on the reaction of the patient's body, as well as the nature of the pathology.

The medicine is usually consumed before meals (60 minutes) or after it (after 120 minutes). The tablet should be swallowed completely, without chewing, with water. If necessary, it is permitted to divide the tablet in half. It is recommended to drink the medicine at the same time of day.

For the treatment of infectious pathologies in the airways, as well as ENT organs - dosage to children from 15 years old, and also adults is 500 mg once a day. The duration of the course is 3 days.

For the treatment of infectious pathologies within the organs of the genitourinary system - the dosage for children from 15 years old, as well as adults is 1000 mg per 1 reception.

To treat tick-borne borreliosis, Azax is prescribed at the initial dosage of 1000 mg, and then the dose is reduced to 500 mg, which must be taken every 24 hours. The duration of the treatment course is 5 days.

[12], [13]

Use Azax during pregnancy

The medicine is forbidden to apply during pregnancy. If an appointment is necessary during the lactation period, it is required to stop breastfeeding for the duration of treatment.

Contraindications

Among the contraindications of the medicine:

• individual hypersensitivity to active components of drugs, as well as drugs from the category of macrolides;
• it is forbidden at the age of up to 15 years.

Very carefully should be prescribed to people with arrhythmia or renal / hepatic insufficiency.

[8],

Side effects Azax

Taking the medicine can cause the following side reactions:

• organs of the central nervous system and PNS: headaches or dizziness, a feeling of drowsiness, severe fatigue, seizures, and in addition development of limb tremor. Also, in some patients, there was a development of a feeling of nervousness or anxiety, and besides this causeless aggression;
• organs of the cardiovascular and hematopoietic systems: thrombocytopenia, as well as leukopenia, development of tachycardia, arrhythmia, or cardialgia, lowering blood pressure;
• Gastrointestinal organs and liver: vomiting along with nausea, pain in the epigastric region, stool disorders, worsening of appetite, increased activity of liver enzymes, problems with the process of bile outflow, development of hepatitis or pseudomembranous colitis;
• allergies: itching or rashes on the skin, photosensitivity, development of urticaria or anaphylactoid reactions, including angioedema and anaphylaxis;
• other: a hearing disorder, besides this, a dysfunction of the taste buds, thrush, and in addition pain in the joints.

[9], [10], [11]

Interactions with other drugs

With simultaneous administration of medication with antacids, as well as blockers of the histamine receptors (H2), there is no significant change in the azithromycin indices in plasma, but in the case of combined administration of these drugs it is nevertheless recommended to observe at least a 2-hour interval between uses.

In the case of concurrent administration of Azax with warfarin, theophylline, carbamazepine, and in addition terfenadine, phenytoin, and triazolam and ergotamine, the effect of these drugs is enhanced. Because of this, when they are used at the same time, dosages should be adjusted.

Azithromycin combined with cyclosporine and digoxin enhances the effectiveness of the latter.

Storage conditions

The drug is required to be kept in conditions suitable for most medications - a place that is closed from penetration of moisture and sun rays. The temperature should be kept within 15-25 degrees.

[14]

Shelf life

Azax is required to be used for 2 years from the date of production of drugs.

[15], [16]