Zopiklon

Zopiclone has a sedative and sedative activity. It is a drug from the pyrrolopyrazinamide category.

Indications Zopiklona

It is used in connection with such sleep disorders:

• problems with the process of falling asleep;
• regular awakenings in the morning or at night;
• insomnia (this includes its short-lived, chronically or situational forms);
• restless sleep;
• sleep disorders caused by various forms of mental disorders.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5]

Release form

The release of the substance is made in tablet form, in an amount of 10 pieces inside the cell plate. In the box - 1, 2 or 3 records.

[6], [7]

Pharmacodynamics

Because the drug is a hypnotic, a derivative of the element ciclopyrrolone, it is considered an effective benzodiazepine endings agonist. The drug has a powerful anxiolytic and sedative effect. At the same time, Zopiclone demonstrates anticonvulsant, amnesic and muscle relaxant activity.

The chemical parameters of zopiclone, which is the active component of the drug, contribute to the potentiation of GABAergic cerebral processes, as a result of which the threshold of sensitivity increases with respect to the conductor of GABA terminations during the interaction of medicinal active elements and benzodiazepine terminations. The use of the drug leads to a decrease in the number of awakenings during nighttime sleep.

In addition, Zopiclone has a positive effect on falling asleep and significantly increases the duration of sleep. It is necessary to take into account that the drug does not have a negative effect on the actual structure of sleep (does not change its phases, does not reduce the duration of the phase of REM sleep, etc.).

[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14]

Pharmacokinetics

The drug dissolves at a rather high speed inside the stomach; its Cmax indicators are recorded already after several hours from the moment of application.

The drug easily passes through the histohematogenous barrier, then evenly distributed inside the organs with the tissues, and besides inside the brain. In the case of repeated therapeutic cycle Zopiclone does not accumulate. After 0.5 hours after the introduction of the drug begins a good sleep with a duration of no more than 8 hours.

It is necessary to take into account that the combined use of the drug and drugs that contain theophylline in people with asthma leads to a significant weakening of the intensity of the attacks and their duration during the predawn period.

[15], [16], [17], [18], [19]

Dosing and administration

The size of the average drug portion of the drug is 7.5 mg (1 tablet of the drug). The drug is consumed before bedtime. If insomnia has severe severity, it is allowed to double the portion.

At the same time, older people and people with problems with liver activity need to use a maximum of 3.75 mg of a substance per day.

Use Zopiklona during pregnancy

Do not use the medicine in case of pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Contraindications

Among the contraindications:

• the presence of strong intolerance with respect to drug components;
• respiratory failure.

At the same time, it is very necessary to prescribe the drug to persons with liver failure, apnea syndrome, congenital galactosemia, glucose-galactose malabsorption, and also a lack of lactase or myasthenia.

[20], [21], [22], [23]

Side effects Zopiklona

If you use the medication in the recommended portions, the side signs often do not develop. But in the case of a significant excess of doses, the following disorders may occur:

• behavioral disturbances, amnesia, somnambulism, aggressive state, change or confusion, and at the same time rebound insomnia, a psychological or physical addiction, coordination disorder, speech problems, depression, hallucinations with headaches and ataxia. Dizziness and feelings of euphoria are also possible;
• epidermal rash, angioedema, urticaria and other allergic symptoms;
• asthenia, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia dispersion and weight reduction;
• diplopia, decreased libido and hypotension.

It is necessary to clarify that in the event of an overdose, the patient has a bitter taste, and in addition to this, dryness of the oral mucosa. At times, potentiation of the activity of liver enzymes occurs.

Overdose

Zopiclone intoxication can cause disorders that will be dangerous to the patient's life. Often, poisoning is marked suppression of the central nervous system. Overdose symptoms include drowsiness and lethargy, confusion, ataxia, a decrease or increase in blood pressure, and respiratory depression.

If after the use of the drug has passed before the 1st hour, vomiting should be induced in the victim. Under other circumstances, gastric lavage is immediately performed, with particular emphasis on the protection of respiratory organs. To reduce the absorption of the active drug component is assigned to receive activated carbon.

[24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30]

Interactions with other drugs

Do not use Zopiklon in combination with alcohol or alcohol-containing drugs.

At the same time, the drug weakens the effectiveness of action of trimipramine and potentiates the overwhelming effect on NA in drugs that have antidepressant, sedative, anxiolytic, and also anti-convulsive, antipsychotropic and antihistamine effects.

[31], [32], [33], [34], [35]

Storage conditions

Zopiclone is required to be kept in a place closed to the penetration of small children. Temperature indicators - in the range up to the mark of 25 ° C.

[36], [37], [38], [39], [40]

Shelf life

Zopiclone can be used within a 2-year period from the time the drug is manufactured.

[41], [42], [43], [44], [45]

Application for children

It is forbidden to appoint in pediatrics (children under 18 years of age).

[46], [47], [48], [49], [50]

Analogs

Analogues of the drug are drugs Imovan, Somnol, Relaxon with Thorson, Zopiclone 7.5-SL and Piklodorm.

[51]

Reviews

Zopiclone receives a large number of different reviews. Many of them have a high efficacy of the drug. But he also discusses the shortcomings - a large list of negative symptoms, as well as the fact that it cannot be used for long-term treatment of sleep disorders.