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Many at least once or twice in life have faced such an unpleasant phenomenon as diarrhea, which along with nausea and vomiting is one of the most unpleasant symptoms of food poisoning. However, diarrhea can be caused by other causes, such as gastrointestinal and metabolic diseases, infectious diseases and allergic reactions, etc., etc. Only then, no matter what caused diarrhea or vomiting, these phenomena are not only unpleasant, but also unsafe for health, because they are associated with the loss of a large amount of fluid by the body. And this despite the fact that our body is almost 80% of water. And still, if there is a problem, there must be a solution, for example, in the form of the drug "Gastrolit".

Indications Tours

As you know, the water in our body is not in its pure form. In it, the particles of microelements responsible for the normal functioning of our body are dissolved. An aqueous solution containing particles of these substances is called an electrolyte. Maintaining the optimal water-electrolyte balance is the guarantee of the uninterrupted operation of our body.

Losing water during vomiting and diarrhea, the body loses and useful substances that help it to function normally. Especially in this situation, there is a shortage of potassium and sodium, as a result of which a person's ability to work decreases, pressure drops, edemas appear as a result of decreased osmotic blood pressure, tachycardia develops and symptoms of heart failure appear.

It turns out that, on the one hand, vomiting and diarrhea is an excellent opportunity for self-cleaning of the body, and on the other - the risk of dehydration, hypokalemia, hyponatremia and other pathologies associated with a violation of the water-electrolyte balance.

Indications for the use of "gastrolit" are situations in which the disturbance of water-electrolyte metabolism is possible. These include prolonged diarrhea associated with eating disorders or gastrointestinal diseases, with a high probability of dehydration, which is indicated by: the appearance of severe thirst, dryness of the tongue, skin and mucous membranes, decreased tone of eyeballs, a 10-15% decrease in body weight, drop in blood pressure.

The drug is also shown for various intoxications, accompanied by vomiting and diarrhea, in which there is a strong loss of body fluids, as well as in the acetonemic syndrome, in which multiple vomiting is observed.

Release form

The antidiarrhoeal drug "Gastrolit" is produced in the form of a cream colored powder, packaged in individual bags of 4.15 g. The package contains 15 such disposable sachets.

From powder and water, a solution for oral administration is prepared, which, by its smell, color and taste, resembles chamomile tea. The solution may have a small precipitate, which is considered quite acceptable.

The concentration of dissolved substances in 1 liter of solution is 240 mOsm / l.

Composition. What is the powder for the preparation of a solution used for diarrhea? It is a multi-component formulation with several active substances:

• Sodium salt of hydrochloric acid or sodium chloride (NaCl) - in 1 sachet 0.35 g,
• Potassium salt of hydrochloric acid or potassium chloride (KCl) - in 1 bag of 0.3 grams,
• Baking soda or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) - in 1 sachet 0.5 g,
• Glucose dehydrated - 2.98 g in 1 sachet,
• Powder from the dried flowers of chamomile - on 1 bag there is 0,02 g of dry extract.

Pharmacodynamics

The drug "Gastrolit" refers to the category of funds for diarrhea, because it not only saturates the body with water lost during diarrhea or vomiting, and helps restore electrolyte balance, but also has an astringent effect.

The drug is safe even for infants, so it can be successfully used to prevent violations of water-electrolyte metabolism and acidosis in children, if you start giving the drug to a child immediately after the appearance of vomiting or diarrhea.

The solution contains cations (Na and K) necessary for the body and anions (Cl and HCO ₃ or bicarbonate) to maintain the electrolyte balance, which is disturbed by diarrhea. Glucose is included in the formulation as an energy source (a source of carbohydrates), which also facilitates the rapid absorption of trace elements from the solution.

Chamomile helps actively fight the digestive disorder, accompanied by diarrhea and vomiting. It has an easy astringent, anti-inflammatory and spasmolytic effect, promotes the normalization of intestinal motility and prevents flatulence.

[1], [2]

Pharmacokinetics

The main part of the drug is excreted from the body with the help of kidneys with urine. Some part is found in the feces, a small amount of electrolyte comes out with sweat. Only glucose is completely metabolized in the body, while water and carbon dioxide are formed.

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Dosing and administration

The drug "Gastrolit" is a powder for oral administration. The contents of the sachet are poured hot boiled water in an amount of 1 cup (200 g) and stir to allow the powder to dissolve. Even if the medicine dissolves not completely, it will not worsen its medicinal properties. But here to add sugar to improve its taste is not recommended.

The finished solution is used for a day.

As for the effective dosage, it is directly dependent on the age of the patient. The main "blow" for the disease is applied in the first 4-5 hours from the onset of diarrhea. Over this period of time, an adult should drink from 500 ml to 1 liter of solution. Next, you need to drink a glass of medication after each bowel movement, until the stool is normalized.

The child's dose is calculated based on the body weight of the baby. Children of the first year of life for approximately 5 hours are given a solution based on the optimal ratio of 50 to 100 ml per kilogram of the patient's weight, then the dosage is reduced to 10 ml per 1 kg of weight given after each liquid emptying of the intestine.

Breastfed can not immediately give a large amount of fluid, because it will simply not be absorbed into the intestines, leaving with feces. So it makes sense to divide the dose into small portions (5 ml), which are given with an interval of 10 minutes.

Children 1-3 years old are given a solution in the amount of 50 ml / kg, and after 4-5 hours they start to give the medicine only after the act of defecation (10 ml per 1 kg of weight), until the chair is adjusted.

Children older than 3 years for 4-5 hours give a drink of half a liter of solution, and then after each act of bowel movement the child should drink ½-1 cup of the solution "The gastrolit". And so on until the diarrhea subsides.

Prophylactic doses for prevention of dehydration: for adults - 200 ml of solution, for children - 10 ml per 1 kg of weight. Take them after each visit to the toilet, until the chair is not adjusted.

[7], [8],

Use Tours during pregnancy

It is possible to use the drug "Gastrolit" during pregnancy, although it is always better before consulting a doctor, consult a doctor. The same can be said about children under 2 years old.

Contraindications

Despite the fact that "Toast" is used to treat diarrhea, even in young children, the drug may have a negative effect on the health of some groups of patients.

Contraindications to the use of the drug are mainly associated with its unusual composition and pharmacokinetics. In the first case, we are talking about the individual intolerance of individual components of a multicomponent agent, the excess of some microelements in the body (hyperkalemia and hypernatremia), the limitations associated with the inclusion of glucose in the preparation (pathologies such as diabetes mellitus and impaired digestion of carbohydrates, known as glucose malabsorption / galactose).

With regard to the limitations caused by pharmacokinetic features (the drug is excreted mainly by the kidneys), in this case they are associated with pathologies in which the kidney function is disrupted (chronic or acute renal failure, anuria).

There is no point in giving the drug with indomitable vomiting. But with hypertension and CHF, the drug should be taken with caution and under the supervision of a doctor. This is due to the fact that the preparation contains sodium.

The presence of potassium in the drug requires caution in the use of diarrhea in patients with oliguria.

Consult with a doctor about the possibility of using this drug is worth it for those who have liver disease, and also in case of prolonged diarrhea (more than a day).

[4], [5], [6]

Side effects Tours

The drug "Toast" in most cases is well tolerated by patients of different ages. Nevertheless, cases of side effects of the drug in the form of violations of the gastrointestinal tract, manifested by attacks of nausea and vomiting, were documented.

If the patient has already slightly increased the level of potassium in the blood, with violation of renal excretion of potassium, and also as a result of prolonged use of the drug, hyperkalemia may develop. This condition is characterized by a decrease in the amount of urine, bouts of vomiting, stomach pain, muscle weakness, swelling, convulsive attacks, fainting. Further, there may be numbness of limbs, paralysis, apathy, changes in the ECG (bradycardia, arrhythmia).

If the patient has a hypersensitivity to the drug, there is a big risk of developing a variety of allergic reactions.

Overdose

Such a phenomenon as an overdose of the drug is observed mainly in patients with serious disorders in the work of the kidneys. Symptom of overdose is a condition called hypervolemia. It is characterized by: increased blood pressure, dyspnea, difficulty breathing, headache, dry mouth, edematous syndrome.

In such cases, the content of electrolytes in the blood is monitored. Depending on the patient's condition, therapy is designed to remove unpleasant symptoms and normalize the work of the patient's organs and systems.

Interactions with other drugs

The interaction of the drug "Gastrolit" with other drugs basically does not lead to negative reactions. Nevertheless, in order to avoid the development of such an unpleasant and even dangerous pathology as hyperkalemia (in severe cases, even a lethal outcome is possible), it is better not to apply the drug simultaneously with other drugs that contribute to the increase in the level of potassium in the body. Such medicines include potassium-sparing diuretics (diuretics), as well as drugs, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, used in heart diseases.

[9], [10]

Storage conditions

Powder from diarrhea and dehydration " Tourist " does not require special storage conditions. It is enough to save it in a dry place at room temperature, not exceeding 25 degrees.

Shelf life

If the storage conditions are met, the shelf life of the drug will be 24 months. Ready-made aqueous solution of medicinal powder "Gastrolit" should be used during the day.