Teopek

Theopec is a purine derivative, slowing down the activity of the PDE element.

Indications Theopic

It is used for obstruction of the bronchi, having a different genesis:

• sleep apnea ;
• pulmonary emphysema;
• chronic obstructive bronchitis or BA;
• pulmonary hypertension or pulmonary heart.

Theopek with a volume of 0.3 g can be used in the treatment of the edematous syndrome of renal nature (in combination with other drugs).

[1], [2], [3]

Release form

The release of the drug is sold in tablets, packaged in blister packs in an amount of 10 pieces. Inside the box there are 5 such packages.

[4], [5]

Pharmacodynamics

The drug effect develops by blocking specific purine endings, as well as stimulating the cAMP cumulation processes inside tissue depots. There is also a weakening of the contractile activity of smooth muscle tissue and a decrease in the amount of calcium ions penetrating through the cell walls.

The drug has a vasodilating effect, developing relative to peripheral vessels. The active component potentiates the activity of the renal blood circulation, and at the same time relaxes the smooth muscles of the blood vessels and bronchi.

Teopeku characterized diuretic activity of moderate severity. The drug prevents the release and elimination of the conductors of an allergic reaction and normalizes the function of the cell walls of mast cells. In case of hypokalemia, the active substance of the drug potentiates pulmonary ventilation.

The drug stabilizes the function of the respiratory system, helping to fully saturate the blood with oxygen, at the same time lowering the indicators of carbon dioxide. In addition, the stimulation of the respiratory center and contractile activity of the diaphragm (along with its strengthening) is noted. The drug increases the values of the ICC and contributes to the improvement of the respiratory and intercostal muscles.

The active component stabilizes microcirculation processes and reduces clot formation. In addition, it prevents the aggregation of platelet cells, inhibiting a specific factor, improves the rheological characteristics of the blood and increases the stability of erythrocyte blood cells against deforming factors.

The drug reduces the overall pressure inside the small circle of blood flow, and in addition it lowers the resistance of the blood vessels inside the lung system and the tone of the blood vessels of the brain, epidermis and kidneys.

Theopek stimulates the heart activity, potentiates the processes of the coronary circulation, and in addition increases the pulse, the strength of heart contractions and the need of myocardial cells for oxygen production.

[6], [7], [8], [9], [10]

Pharmacokinetics

When you use the medication inside the active element is completely absorbed from the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract. Eating can change the rates of theophylline clearance and its rate of absorption, but does not affect the degree of its severity. The level of synthesis with protein is 40%. Metabolic processes take place in the liver with the help of cytochrome P450 isoenzymes.

Active metabolic products are excreted through the kidneys, and 10% of the substance is excreted unchanged.

Some specific factors affect the metabolic rate - patient age, smoking, diet, concomitant diseases and parallel pharmaceutical treatment.

In the case of pulmonary edema, COPD, liver disease, chronic alcoholism or heart failure, a decrease in clearance values is noted.

[11], [12], [13], [14], [15]

Dosing and administration

The treatment regimen is selected separately for each patient. The average size of the initial daily portion is 0.4 g. It is allowed to increase the dosage by 25% with 2-3-day intervals if the drug is tolerated without complications (the calculation is performed starting from the mark of the initial portion).

A day is allowed to enter a maximum of 0.9 g of theophylline (dosages in this range do not require mandatory monitoring of blood indicators of the substance).

If you develop any symptoms of poisoning, you must follow the blood values of the active element. The size of optimally suitable portions ranges from 10 to 20 μg / ml.

With an increase in the above-indicated dosage, there is no significant potentiation of the drug effect, but at the same time, potentiation of the severity of negative signs of the drug is observed. Reducing portions leads to a weakening of drug exposure.

[24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31],

Use Theopic during pregnancy

The active element of Teopek is able to penetrate the placenta, because of which it can be prescribed to pregnant women only in the presence of vital indications.

It is necessary to interrupt breastfeeding at the time of therapy, because the active component of the drug is excreted in breast milk.

Contraindications

Main contraindications:

• epilepsy;
• hemorrhagic stroke;
• ulcers in the gastrointestinal tract;
• severe tachyarrhythmias;
• history of bleeding in the digestive system;
• the presence of intolerance against the elements of the pharmaceutical agent;
• elevated or decreased blood pressure values;
• hyperacid gastritis.

[16], [17], [18], [19], [20]

Side effects Theopic

The use of medication can cause some side effects:

• NA lesions: tremor involving limbs, feeling of irritability or increased anxiety, insomnia, dizziness, headaches and overexcitement, having a nervous character;
• dysfunction of the cardiovascular system: lower blood pressure values, arrhythmias, cardialgia, increased heart rate, a feeling of severe interruptions in cardiac activity and an increase in the number of angina pectoris attacks;
• digestive disorders: gastralgia, nausea, loss of appetite, GERD, heartburn, diarrhea syndrome, exacerbation of ulcers inside the gastrointestinal tract and vomiting;
• other signs: pain inside the sternum, tachypnea, pruritus, hypoglycemia, feeling of blood rush to the skin on the face, and besides the feverish state, allergic manifestations, hyperhidrosis, albuminuria, hematuria and potentiation of diuresis.

Reducing the drug portion helps to reduce the severity of negative symptoms.

[21], [22], [23]

Overdose

Signs of intoxication: diarrhea, insomnia, arrhythmias with ventricular form, tachypnea, loss of appetite, tremor, and also bleeding in the area of the gastrointestinal tract, bloody vomiting, tachycardia, a feeling of overexcitation or anxiety, hyperemia of the epidermis, seizures and photophobia.

In severe overdose, a feeling of confusion, metabolic acidosis, decreased blood pressure, hyperglycemia, myoglobinuria, hypokalemia, renal failure and epileptoid seizures occur.

To eliminate violations, you need to perform gastric lavage and assign laxatives with enterosorbents to the patient. In addition, hemodialysis, hemosorption, forced diuresis and plasma sorption procedures are performed.

In the event of convulsions, oxygen therapy is required and diazepam administered intravenously in order to stop the attack. In case of severe nausea with vomiting, metoclopramide is administered intravenously with ondansetron.

[32], [33]

Interactions with other drugs

Cimetidine, macrolides with lincomycin, and in addition allopurinol with isoprenaline and oral contraception can reduce the clearance values of the theophylline component.

There is a weakening of the therapeutic efficacy of β-adrenergic blockers (with a combination of medication with them), and also a weakening of the severity of the bronchodilatory effect of drugs and a narrowing of the bronchial lumen. All of the above characteristics are more pronounced in non-selective β-blockers than in electoral ones.

The effectiveness of theophylline increases with the use of caffeine, furosemide and drugs that stimulate the activity of β2-adrenoreceptors.

With the introduction of aminoglutetimid, potentiation of theophylline excretion is observed, as well as the loss of its drug efficacy.

When combined with acyclovir, the severity of negative symptoms of Teopek potentiates, because the former increases the blood counts of theophylline.

Diltiazem with felodipine and nifedipine with verapamil do not change the severity of the bronchodilatory effect of drugs, but may affect its plasma values. There is information about cases of potentiation of negative signs and increase in blood parameters of the active element when the drug is combined with verapamil or nifedipine.

Disulfiram can increase the blood values of theophylline to toxic, critical levels.

Propranolol reduces drug clearance.

Lithium salts lose their medicinal efficacy when used together with Teopek.

The level of the active element of the drug increases with the combined use of enoxacin or fluoroquinolones.

An increase in the clearance values of the drug and a decrease in the intensity of its therapeutic effect are observed when used in combination with sulfinpyrazone, rifampicin, and in addition with isoniazid, carbamazepine, and also phenobarbital.

Mutual decrease of active elements is registered when theophylline is combined with phenytoin.

[34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40]

Storage conditions

Teopek must be kept in a place protected from moisture. The temperature values are within 25 ° C.

[41], [42],

Shelf life

Teopek can be used within 24 months from the date of manufacture of the pharmaceutical agent.

[43], [44]

Application for children

Teopek is a theophylline substance with a prolonged type of activity. It can be prescribed in pediatrics - adolescents from 12 years.

Analogs

Analogues of the medication are such drugs as Teotard with Eufillin, as well as Teofedrin-N.

[45]

Reviews

Teopek is a prolonged form of theophylline element, therefore it is often used at the stage of remission of diseases of the respiratory system - to prevent the development of seizures. It is forbidden to use the drug in acute forms of attacks.

In general, positive reviews of the drug are left by both physicians and patients.