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Suppositories from gonorrhea
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Among the pharmaceuticals used in the treatment of specific gonococcal inflammation of the urogenital mucosa due to Gram-negative beta proteobacteria of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the suppository against gonorrhea does not appear, since this venereal disease is susceptible only to antibiotics used systemically, that is, administered intramuscularly and ingested.
[Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
Antiseptic action of suppositories Hexicon provides bigluconate of chlorhexidine - substances, capable of disturbing the structure of cytoplasmic membranes of microbial cells, which causes their death.
Pharmacodynamics of suppositories Betadine, which are also an antiseptic and bactericidal agent, is based on the release of iodine from the povidone-iodine suppository. As a result of the oxidative action of iodine, there is an irreversible disruption of enzymatic metabolism and the destruction of protein structures of pathogenic microorganisms, leading to the end of their biological existence.
In suppositories from gonorrhea, Metranidazole, which is an antibiotic of the group of nitroimidazoles, pharmacodynamics is due to the fact that under the action of the drug, the production of nucleic acids in bacterial and protozoan cells (in particular, trichomonads) decreases to a level at which their DNA replication becomes impossible, and the multiplication of infectious agents is terminated.
The anesthetic and anti-inflammatory effect, which appears to be the rectal suppositories of Betiol, is related to the properties of their components - the extract of the plant Atropa belladonna (belladonna or belladonna) and ichthyol. Alkaloids of belladonna act on the nerve receptors in the muscular tissues of the rectum, significantly reducing their sensitivity, that is, reducing pain. And ichthyol has antibacterial properties and is locally biodegradable. First, it irritates the mucous membrane of the rectum, and then also reduces its susceptibility to pain; in addition, the blood supply of tissues is activated, which contributes to the reduction of inflammatory processes.
The pharmacokinetics of most suppositories in the instructions to the preparations are not presented. And applying a suppository against gonorrhea with Metronidazole, it should be taken into account that a fifth of the suppository preparation is absorbed into the vaginal mucosa and enters the bloodstream, and about 20% of the antibiotic binds to plasma proteins. Completely the drug is excreted from the body by the kidneys after about 20 hours.
What is a suppository against gonorrhea?
You should pay attention to the "candles from gonorrhea", which can be recommended as a local treatment, in fact they are not. In all cases, indications for the use of this form of release means the use of them in complex antibacterial therapy as ancillary tools - to alleviate symptoms, as well as treatment of gonorrheal and urogenital and anorectal infections and complications (urethritis, epididymitis, orchitis, cervicitis, vulvovaginitis, proctitis ).
The most popular were the following names of suppositories from gonorrhea: Hexicon (Chlorhexidine-Farmex), Betadine (other trade names - Iodoxide, Vocadin, Ruvidon), Metronidazole (Metrovit, Metrovagin, Metron, Klion, Trichopolum, Trichosept, Bacimex, Flagil), Betiol. These drugs for intravaginal (or rectal) use are implied and when patients are interested in a suppository against gonorrhea in women.
With gonorrhea proctitis (when the infection gets into the rectum from the vagina), a rectal suppository against gonorrhea and trichomoniasis may be needed, if - as it often happens - the disease of mixed infectious etiology is diagnosed, and in addition to gonococci, trichomonads have been found. According to specialists, such cases in terms of treatment are complex.
This is due to the fact that Trichomoniasis is caused not by bacteria, but by the flagellate protozoan microorganisms of the protich group Trichomonas vaginalis, and the gonococci Neisseria are able to penetrate into the cells of the trichomonads, where they "hide" from the action of antibiotics that do not act on the protozoan organism. To date, the commonly accepted drug of choice for trichomoniasis is Metronidazole, taken orally and used in the form of suppositories based on it (the names are listed above).
Method and dosage of suppositories from gonorrhea
The use of suppositories from gonorrhea, hexadecin, betadine and metronidazole intravaginal, rectal suppositories of betiol are injected into the rectum.
Standard doses are one or two suppositories a day, duration of administration is a week, but the doctor can prolong the course of treatment. Metronidazole is injected into the vagina once a day, the course of treatment is no more than 10 days.
Overdose is noted only in the instruction for Betiol suppositories, and it is expressed in the dilatation of pupils and the development of a psychomotor disorder with seizures and impaired consciousness.
Contraindications for use
The above candles, used in the complex treatment of gonorrhea, have the following contraindications for use:
- Hexicon - hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine;
- Betadine - hypersensitivity to iodine, thyroid disease, liver and kidney failure;
- Metronidazole - marked hepatic insufficiency, leukopenia, violations of the functions of the central nervous system of an organic nature;
- Betiol - glaucoma, prostatic hyperplasia.
It should be noted that the use of suppositories from gonorrhea during pregnancy is different:
Vaginal suppository Geksikon and rectal suppositories Betiol is not contraindicated to pregnant women, but prescribing by the doctor of suppositories Betiol should take into account the ratio of benefits for the mother and the risk for the unborn child. Suppositories Betadine with iodine pregnant is strictly prohibited.
Suppositories Metronidazole (and all synonyms) are contraindicated in the first trimester, but in the period of 13-24 weeks to use them is allowed - with caution.
Side effects of suppositories from gonorrhea
Despite minimal systemic absorption of the active ingredients that make up the candles, they have side effects. Thus, irritation of the mucosa and itching in the area of administration cause drugs Gexikon and Betadin.
The use of suppositories with metronidazole may be accompanied by itching and burning, mucous vaginal discharge, increased frequency of urination, headache, nausea and vomiting, dry mouth with metal taste, cramping abdominal pain, bowel disturbance, lowering of leukocyte count in the blood. And the possible side effects of Betiol suppositories are expressed in dry mouth and thirst, diarrhea or constipation, urinary retention, and in the increase in heart rate.
Interactions with other drugs
Suppositories Hexicon do not apply to preparations containing iodine, and the suppository Betadine, respectively, can not be combined with antiseptic halides (that is, containing chlorine), oxidants and alkaline salts.
Metronidazole potentiates the effects of drugs that reduce blood clotting, as well as immunosuppressant Cyclosporine. Antihistamines of the first generation can slow the biotransformation of Metronidazole in the body and increase its serum concentration, which may result in increased side effects.
In cases of concomitant use, Betiol suppositories can enhance the action of antiarrhythmic drugs, means for lowering the blood pressure of a group of anticholinergics, hypnotics of barbiturates, and antidepressants.
Storage conditions: at a temperature of + 15-25 ° C; Suppository Betiol - at + 8-15 ° C.
Shelf life of suppositories Geicon is 3 years, the rest - 2 years.
To date, recommended CDC USA and the World Health Organization-approved regimens for treating gonorrhea consist of the use of antibacterial drugs such as Ceftriaxone (125 mg IM once, Cefixime or Ofloxacin (4 g orally once) or Spectinomycin (2 g IM) followed by oral administration of Doxycycline (1 g twice daily for a week). Suppositories from gonorrhea are not mentioned in this scheme, but this does not mean that the agents for topical application can not be prescribed by the treating physicians whose recommendations should be strictly observed.
Attention!
To simplify the perception of information, this instruction for use of the drug "Suppositories from gonorrhea" translated and presented in a special form on the basis of the official instructions for medical use of the drug. Before use read the annotation that came directly to medicines.
Description provided for informational purposes and is not a guide to self-healing. The need for this drug, the purpose of the treatment regimen, methods and dose of the drug is determined solely by the attending physician. Self-medication is dangerous for your health.