Sandostatin

Sandostatin is a synthetic peptide (a derivative of the natural human somatostatin hormone, so it has similar pharmacological properties to it). It has a fairly long duration of exposure.

[1], [2], [3]

Indications Sandostatin

Among the indications:

• acromegaly (in situations where surgical intervention, dopaminomimetic treatment, as well as radiation therapy were ineffective, or these methods can not be used);
• endocrine types of tumors in the gastroenteropancreatic structure (for the elimination of symptoms of carcinoid type tumors with carcinoid manifestations, as well as tumors in which increased vasoactive intestinal polypeptide production is observed);
• gastrinoma, Werner-Morrison syndrome, insuloma;
• glucagon;
• tumors, in which there is an increased production of somatoliberin;
• diarrhea of a refractory type in patients with AIDS;
• to prevent possible complications after laparotomy on the prostate;
• bleeding (also to prevent recurrence) due to varicose veins in the esophagus or stomach area in patients suffering from cirrhosis of the liver (emergency treatment is under way).

[4], [5], [6]

Release form

Produced in the form of an injection solution in ampoules with a volume of 0.05, 0.1 or 0.5 mg. One packet contains 5 ampoules.

[7], [8]

Pharmacodynamics

The main properties of the drug are somatostatin-like. It inhibits the increased release of growth hormones, and besides this, the release of peptides with serotonin in the body (they are produced in the gastroenteropancreatic endocrine structure).

[9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14]

Pharmacokinetics

After the administration of the drug under the skin, it is completely and very quickly absorbed. The peak of the plasma concentration reaches within half an hour.

With plasma proteins binds to 65%, but with the elemental blood binding is very weak. The distribution volume is 0.27 l / kg. The total purification coefficient is 160 ml / min.

The half-life after injection under the skin lasts about 100 minutes. After intravenous administration, the drug is excreted in two separate phases, in which the half-lives are 10, respectively, and 90 minutes, respectively.

[15], [16], [17], [18]

Dosing and administration

For the treatment of acromegaly, as well as tumors in the gastroenteropancreatic structure, it is necessary to administer the drug subcutaneously at a dosage of 0.05-1 mg 1-2 times per day. If necessary, the dosage can be gradually increased to 0.1-0.2 mg three times a day.

To treat the refractory form of diarrhea developing in AIDS, 0.1 mg of medication is administered under the skin three times a day. The dose can be gradually increased to 0.25 mg three times a day.

As prevention against complications after laparotomy on the prostate - the first dose is required to be injected under the skin 1 hour before the operation (0.1 mg). After the procedure, you need to inject the medicine under the skin at a rate of 0.1 mg three times a day for the first week of the daily.

To remove bleeding in the stomach or esophagus, which is due to varicose veins in them, a dosage of 25 mcg / h (continuous intravenous infusion) is administered for 5 days.

[22], [23], [24]

Use Sandostatin during pregnancy

There is no data on the use of Sandostatin in women with lactation and pregnancy, so they are only allowed to prescribe medication according to absolute indications.

Contraindications

Among the contraindications - the individual intolerance of octreotide and other components of drugs.

[19]

Side effects Sandostatin

Use of the drug can trigger such adverse reactions: vomiting with nausea, flatulence, diarrhea, loose stool form, anorexia. In addition, colic in the abdomen, fatty feces, signs of intestinal obstruction in an acute form (increasing flatulence, severe pain in the epigastric region, palpation feels tension and pain in the abdominal wall). It can also develop a disorder in the work of the liver, and as a result of prolonged use - there is biliary calculus. In addition, hypo- or hyperglycaemia, acute pancreatitis, alopecia, and a disorder of post-glossary tolerance to glucose are possible. At the injection site, itching, pain, burning sensation can occur, the skin may swell and blush.

[20], [21]

Overdose

As a result of acute overdose, a life-threatening reaction was not observed. Conventional overdose can lead to the development of such manifestations: slow heart rate, colic in the abdomen, nausea, diarrhea, a rush of blood to the face, and a feeling of emptiness inside the stomach.

Therapy in this case involves symptomatic treatment.

[25], [26]

Interactions with other drugs

Sandostatin weakens the absorption of cimetidine, as well as cyclosporine. In patients with diabetes mellitus who receive insulin, the drug can lower the need for the latter.

[27]

Storage conditions

The medicine needs to be protected from sun rays, as well as children's access. Keep it in the refrigerator. The temperature regime is 2-8 ° С.

[28]

Shelf life

Sandostatin is allowed to be used for 5 years from the date of manufacture.

[29], [30]