Risendros

Risendros, whose active ingredient is risedronate sodium, belongs to a class of drugs known as bisphosphonates. Bisphosphonates are used to treat and prevent bone diseases, such as osteoporosis and Paget's disease of the bones. Risedronate sodium works by inhibiting the activity of osteoclasts, the cells that break down bone tissue. Thus, it helps slow or prevent the loss of bone mass, strengthening bones and reducing the risk of fractures.

Medications containing risedronate sodium are usually taken orally and may be prescribed in different regimens, depending on the specific disease and its stage. For example, for the treatment of osteoporosis, risedronate may be taken daily, weekly, or monthly.

Like any medical drug, risedronate sodium can cause side effects, among which the most common are gastrointestinal problems such as abdominal pain, heartburn, inflammation or ulcers of the esophagus. It is very important to take the drug strictly as directed to minimize the risk of side effects.

Before starting treatment with risedronate sodium, it is necessary to consult a doctor who can assess the general health of the patient, the presence of contraindications and possible interaction with other drugs taken.

Indications Risendrosa

1. Osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: Risendron is used for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women to increase bone mass and reduce the risk of fractures.
2. Osteoporosis in men: The drug may also be prescribed to men with osteoporosis to increase bone mass and reduce the risk of fractures.
3. Glucocorticosteroid-induced osteoporosis: Risendron is used to treat osteoporosis caused by long-term glucocorticosteroid medication (e.g., prednisolone) to reduce the risk of fractures.
4. Osteoporotic changes in patients with fractures: In patients with previous fractures, risendron may be used to reduce the risk of subsequent fractures and increase bone mass.

Release form

Oral tablets: This is the most common form of release of risedronate. The tablets can have different dosage of the active ingredient, with 5 mg, 35 mg, 75 mg or 150 mg versions of risedronate sodium often found. The specific dosage depends on the indication for use, for example, 35 mg once weekly is usually recommended for the treatment of osteoporosis.

Pharmacodynamics

1. Inhibition of bone resorption: Sodium risedronateinhibits the activity of osteoclast cells, which are involved in the destruction of bone tissue. This is achieved by binding to bone crystals and inhibiting their resorption.
2. Increase in bone mineral density: Long-term use of sodium risedronate increases bone mineral density, making bones less prone to fractures.
3. Fracture Risk Reduction: Sodium risedronate reduces the risk of spine and pelvic bone fractures in patients with osteoporosis and those with glucocorticosteroid-induced osteoporosis.
4. Prevention of osteoporotic fractures: The use of risedronate sodium reduces the likelihood of osteoporotic fractures, including fractures of the spine, pelvis, and hip.
5. Bone tissue longevity: Sodium risedronate promotes bone preservation by preventing bone breakdown and improving bone structure.

Pharmacokinetics

1. Absorption: Risedronate sodium is usually taken orally. After oral administration, risedronate sodium is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
2. Distribution: Risedronate sodium has high affinity to bone tissue. It penetrates into bone and remains there for a long time, where it exerts its action by inhibiting bone resorption.
3. Metabolism: Sodium risedronate undergoes minimal metabolism in the liver. It is normally excreted unchanged from the body.
4. Excretion: Sodium risedronate is excreted mainly by the kidneys. A small amount may also be excreted through the intestine.

It is important to note that food intake can significantly affect the absorption of risedronate sodium. Therefore, it is recommended to take the drug on an empty stomach to maximize its absorption.

Dosing and administration

Here are the general guidelines for the use of risedronate:

For the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men:

• Once a week: The standard dose is 35 mg taken once a week.

To treat osteoporosis caused by long-term steroid use:

• Once daily: 5 mg perday.
• Once a week: A dose of 35 mg once a week may also be prescribed.

For the treatment of Paget's disease of the bones:

• Once a day: The dose may vary, but is usually 30 mg per day for 2 months.

General recommendations for intake:

• Risedronate should be taken in the morning, at least 30 minutes before the first meal, drink or other medication of the day. This ensures the best absorption of the drug.
• The tablet should be swallowed whole, drinking plenty of water (at least a glass). After taking the tablet it is recommended not to lie down for at least 30 minutes to avoid possible irritation of the esophagus.
• Do not take risedronate with mineral water, coffee, tea or juice as this may reduce the effectiveness of the medicine.
• It is important to ensure adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D during treatment with risedronate, if necessary, your doctor may recommend appropriate supplements.

Use Risendrosa during pregnancy

The use of Risendron (risedronate sodium) during pregnancy may pose certain risks and is not usually recommended. Risedronate sodium is a bisphosphonate used to treat and prevent osteoporosis and other bone diseases.

During pregnancy, it is recommended to avoid taking Risendron and other bisphosphonates due to potential adverse effects on the developing fetus. Bisphosphonates may have toxic effects on the fetus and may cause various defects, including skeletal abnormalities.

Contraindications

1. Hypersensitivity: People with known hypersensitivity to risedronate sodium or any other component of the drug should not use Risendros.
2. Digestive tract diseases: Since risedronate sodium may cause irritation of the digestive tract, use of the drug is contraindicated in patients with digestive tract diseases such as peptic ulcer disease or esophagitis, etc.
3. Calcium deficiency: The drug may aggravate calcium deficiency in the body, so its use may be undesirable in people with insufficient dietary calcium intake or other calcium-related diseases.
4. Pregnancy and lactation: The use of Risendros is not recommended during pregnancy or lactation due to potential adverse effects on the fetus or breast milk.
5. Renal disease: Since risedronate sodium is excreted through the kidneys, its use may be undesirable in patients with impaired renal function or chronic renal failure.
6. Treatment Specific Conditions: Risendros may interact with other medications or conditions, so it is important to discuss any medications or conditions you are taking with your doctor before starting treatment.

Side effects Risendrosa

1. Gastrointestinal disorders: For example, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, or abdominal pain. Use of the drug may cause irritation of the gastric or intestinal mucosa.
2. Bone and muscle pain: Some patients may experience bone or muscle pain. This may be caused by the body's response to changes in bone tissue or myalgias.
3. Headaches and dizziness: Some people may experience headaches or dizziness while taking risedronate.
4. Taste changes: Some patients may complain of a change in taste sensation or a metallic taste in the mouth.
5. Skin reactions: Various skin reactions may occur, including skin rash, itching, hives, or skin redness.
6. Osteonecrosis of the jaw: This is a rare but serious side effect that can occur with long-term use of bisphosphonates such as risedronate sodium. Osteonecrosis of the jaw is characterized by an area of bone necrosis in the jaw area.
7. Allergic reactions: Including allergic dermatitis, angioedema or anaphylactic shock.

Overdose

1. Digestive tract irritation: Overdose may cause digestive tract irritation manifested as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.
2. Effects on bone tissue: Increased or occurrence of osteonecrosis of the jaw (jaw bone death) and other bone-related complications may occur.
3. Electrolyte disorders: Increased blood calcium levels (hypercalcemia) may be a consequence of sodium risedronate overdose.
4. Increased risk of side effects: Overdose increases the risk of developing side effects of the drug such as headache, hypocalcemia, muscle pain, etc.
5. Systemic complications: In rare cases, overdose of risedronate sodium may lead to serious systemic complications such as anaphylactic reactions or pathologic bone fractures.

Interactions with other drugs

1. Drugs containing calcium, aluminum or magnesium: Drugs containing these metals (e.g. Antacids) may reduce the absorption of Risedronate sodium. Therefore, they should be taken at least 30 minutes before taking Risedronate or at least 2 hours after taking it.
2. NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs): NSAIDs may increase the irritating effect on the gastric and intestinal mucosa, which may increase the risk of side effects when taken concomitantly with Risendros.
3. Glucocorticosteroids: Glucocorticosteroid use may increase the risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw when taken concomitantly with bisphosphonates such as Risendros.
4. Drugs affecting gastric juice acidity: Drugs that reduce gastric juice acidity (e.g. Proton pump inhibitors) may reduce the absorption of risedronate sodium.
5. Other bisphosphonates: Co-administration of Risendros with other bisphosphonates may increase the risk of side effects such as osteonecrosis of the jaw.