Otipax

The drug "Otipax" is a combined preparation containing two active ingredients: lidocaine and phenazone.

1. Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that is commonly used to anesthetize mucous membranes. As part of Otipax, lidocaine is used to relieve ear pain associated with various conditions such as middle ear inflammation (otitis media), included in acute deafness, or ear-related procedures.
2. Phenazone is an anti-inflammatory agent and has analgesic effects. In Otipax, phenazone is used to reduce inflammation in the ear and relieve pain.

Otipax is usually used in the form of ear drops. It can be used for symptomatic treatment of ear pain and inflammation, but it is important to use it with caution and follow the instructions for use, especially regarding frequency and duration of use, to avoid possible side effects.

If you have any questions or concerns, it is recommended that you talk to your doctor or pharmacist before using the product.

Indications Otipax

1. Ear pain: Otipax can help relieve pain associated with various ear diseases and conditions such as middle ear inflammation (otitis media), otitis externa (inflammation of the external ear canal), and other inflammatory processes.
2. Ear congestion: The drug may be used to reduce the feeling of congestion or stuffiness associated with the ear, otitis media or other ear problems.
3. Acute Deafness: In cases where there is inflammation in the ear cavity caused by infection or other factors, Otipax can help relieve the pain and discomfort associated with this condition.
4. Diagnostic or treatment procedures involving the ear: The drug may be used for anesthesia before medical procedures in the ear cavity, such as removal of a wax plug or insertion of special instruments.

Release form

Otipax is available as ear drops. The solution is usually packaged in vials with a dropper for easy dosing and application. Each milliliter of the solution contains a certain amount of lidocaine hydrochloride (an anesthetic that provides rapid pain relief) and phenazone (an anti-inflammatory agent that reduces swelling and inflammation).

Pharmacodynamics

1. Lidocaine hydrochloride:

   • Local anesthesia: Lidocaine is a locally acting anesthetic. It blocks sodium channels in the membranes of nerve cells, preventing the transmission of pain impulses to the brain. This results in temporary relief of ear pain.
   • Reducing nerve cell excitability: Lidocaine may also reduce nerve cell excitability, which helps reduce sensitivity to pain in the area of application.

2. Phenazone:

   • Anti-inflammatory: Phenazone has anti-inflammatory properties that may help reduce inflammation in the ear cavity and reduce pain.
   • Analgesic action: Phenazone also has a mild analgesic action that complements the action of lidocaine in relieving pain.

Pharmacokinetics

1. Absorption: After topical application in the ear canal, lidocaine and phenazone may be absorbed through the skin and mucosa. The rate and extent of absorption depend on the condition of the ear mucosa and the presence of lesions.
2. Distribution: Lidocaine and phenazone can be distributed in the ear tissues and have a local anesthetic effect. They can also pass through the skin and mucous membranes into the systemic bloodstream, although in smaller amounts than with systemic administration.
3. Metabolism: Lidocaine is metabolized in the liver to form active metabolites, mainly through the process of N-demethylation. Phenazone is usually metabolized in the liver by hydroxylation and conjugation.
4. Excretion: Metabolites of lidocaine and phenazone are excreted mainly through the kidneys as glucuronic acid conjugates and in the feces. Minor amounts may be excreted unchanged in the urine.
5. Half-life: Thehalf-life of lidocaine is about 1.5-2 hours and the half-life of phenazone is about 2-3 hours. This means that the effect of Otipax usually lasts several hours after its use.
6. Mechanism of Action: Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that blocks the conduction of nerve impulses, reducing excitability and leading to loss of sensation in the area of application. Phenazone has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, helping to relieve inflammation and ear pain.

Dosing and administration

Here's how to properly use Otipax:

Method of Application:

1. Warm the bottle: Before use, it is recommended to hold the drop bottle in your hand for a few minutes to warm the solution to body temperature. This will help avoid the discomfort associated with inserting a cold solution into the ear canal.
2. Wash and dry hands: Make sure your hands are clean and dry before use.
3. Tilt yourhead: Tilt your head to the side with the sore ear on top. This will allow the drops to enter the ear canal more easily.
4. Dropping: Put 3-4 drops of the solution into the ear canal. Follow your doctor's instructions regarding the frequency of application, which is usually 2-3 times a day.
5. Hold the position: Wait a few minutes with your head tilted or place the sore ear on a pillow to keep the drops from dripping out.
6. Duration of treatment: The course of treatment with Otipax is usually no more than 10 days. It is important to complete the entire course, even if symptoms have improved earlier.

Dosages:

• For adults and children: Generally, 3-4 drops in the affected ear 2-3 times a day is recommended.

Special Instructions:

• Do not use Otipax if your eardrum is damaged or suspected to be damaged.
• If symptoms do not improve or worsen during the first few days of treatment, contact your doctor.
• Otipax is intended for topical application in the ears only and should not be used in any other way.
• Keep the medicine out of the reach of children.

Use Otipax during pregnancy

The use of Otipax during pregnancy should only be prescribed by your doctor, who should evaluate the potential risks and benefits of its use in your particular situation.

Generally, local anesthetics such as lidocaine, in high doses or with prolonged use, may have potential risks to the fetus. Phenazone may also have its own risks when used during pregnancy.

Contraindications

1. Hypersensitivity: People with known hypersensitivity to lidocaine, phenazone, or other anesthetic local agents should not use Otipax due to the risk of allergic reactions.
2. Damage to the tympanic membrane: The use of Otipax is contraindicated in the presence of damage to the tympanic membrane, as serious complications may arise due to the penetration of the drug into the middle ear.
3. Purulent and viral inflammation of the middle ear: In the presence of purulent or viral inflammation of the middle ear, the use of Otipax may be contraindicated, as it may aggravate the inflammatory process or lead to complications.
4. Pediatric age: The safety and efficacy of Otipax in children below a certain age have not been established, therefore its use in this age group may be limited.
5. Pregnancy and breastfeeding: The use of Otipax during pregnancy and breastfeeding requires caution and may require consultation with a physician.

Side effects Otipax

1. Allergic reactions: Rare cases of allergic reactions to the drug components may occur, manifested as skin rash, itching, swelling of the face, throat or tongue. In case of such reactions you should immediately stop using the drug and consult a doctor.
2. Skin reactions: Skin irritation or dryness in the area of the external auditory canal may be observed, especially with prolonged use or in case of hypersensitivity to the drug components.
3. Rare systemic reactions: Systemic absorption of lidocaine may occur, especially when the drug is used on damaged skin or in the presence of wounds. This may lead to various systemic side effects such as increased heart rate, dizziness, drowsiness, nausea or vomiting.
4. Relaxation of the muscles of the larynx and airway: This side effect is more common with high doses of lidocaine or when used incorrectly, and may result in difficulty breathing or swallowing.

Overdose

1. Heart rhythm disorders, including tachycardia (fast heartbeat), arrhythmias, or bradycardia (slow heartbeat).
2. Dizziness, fainting, or loss of consciousness.
3. Paresthesias (tingling or numbness), especially around the mouth and in the area where the drug is applied.
4. Irregular breathing or difficulty breathing.
5. Seizures or convulsions.

Interactions with other drugs

1. Preparations containing lidocaine or amide analogs of local anesthetics: Co-use of Otipax with other local anesthetics, especially amide analogs of lidocaine, may increase the risk of toxic effects of lidocaine, such as bradycardia, arrhythmias and seizures.
2. Drugs that increase analgesic effect: Co-administration of Otipax with other analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs may increase the overall analgesic effect and reduce pain and inflammation in the ears.
3. Drugs that cause allergic reactions: Lidocaine and phenazone may cause allergic reactions in some patients. Co-use of Otipax with other drugs that may cause allergic reactions may increase the risk of allergic reactions.
4. Drugs that increase the hypotensive effect: Lidocaine may increase the hypotensive effect of some antihypertensive drugs, such as beta-adrenoblockers or antiarrhythmic drugs. This may lead to a decrease in blood pressure.
5. CNS-depressant-enhancing drugs: Co-administration of Otipax with other drugs that have a depressant effect on the central nervous system (e.g. Sedatives, sleeping pills, alcohol) may increase their sedative and analgesic effects.

Storage conditions

1. Temperature: Store Otipax at room temperature, 15 to 30 degrees Celsius.
2. Dryness: Provide dry storage conditions for the drug to avoid exposure to moisture, which may adversely affect its stability and efficacy.
3. Packaging: Store Otipax in the original packaging or container in which it was delivered from the manufacturer. This will help prevent contact with air and preserve the quality of the medicine.
4. Light: Avoid direct exposure of the drug to sunlight, as light may adversely affect its composition and efficacy.
5. Children: Keep Otipax out of the reach of children to prevent accidental use.
6. Special instructions: It is important to follow the storage instructions on the product package or in its instructions for use. Some manufacturers may have their own storage specifics, which are important to consider.