Medical manipulations

Epidural anesthesia turns off all kinds of functional nerve activity: motor, sensory and vegetative. In contrast to the spinal, in which the local anesthetic solution is mixed and diluted with cerebrospinal fluid, with epidural anesthesia it spreads along the epidural space, part of it leaves the spinal canal through the intervertebral foramen, which makes the spread of epidural anesthesia not always predictable.

Thoracic paravertebral blockade is a technique involving the introduction of a local anesthetic in the region of the thoracic spinal nerves emerging from the intervertebral foramen with ipsilateral somatic and sympathetic nerves. The resulting anesthesia or analgesia is similar to the "one-sided" epidural anethosis.

Pulmonary resuscitation at the prehospital stage is determined by conduction; artificial ventilation at the scene by the method of "mouth to mouth". Advantages of the technique are: the possibility of application in any conditions; with proper technique of execution, sufficient gas exchange is ensured.

Peritoneal dialysis is a safe and relatively inexpensive method of renal replacement therapy. The first attempt to replace kidney function with this method in a patient with acute kidney failure was performed by Ganter in 1923.