Levobakt

Levobakt is an artificial antibacterial drug from the category of fluoroquinolones. Has a large range of antimicrobial activity.

[1]

Indications of the levobakta

It is used to eliminate mild or moderate infections, provoked by the action of microbes that are sensitive to levofloxacin:

• sinusitis in the acute stage;
• exacerbated bronchitis, having a chronic form;
• community acquired pneumonia;
• infections with complications arising in the area of the urinary duct (this includes pyelonephritis );
• infectious lesions of the subcutaneous layer and skin surface.

[2]

Release form

The drug is produced in tablets with a volume of 0.5 or 0.75 g, in the amount of 10 pieces inside the blister pack.

Pharmacodynamics

The drug has a rapid bactericidal effect, which is developed by suppressing the bacterial enzyme DNA-gyrase, which is part of the structure of topoisomerases of the second type. This leads to the destruction of the bulk chain of DNA microbes and blocking the processes of their division.

The range of drug activity includes gram-negative and-positive microorganisms, among which are non-fermenting microbes, often provoking the development of a nosocomial infection, and in addition, atypical bacteria (chlamydophile pneumonia, C. Trachomatis, and in addition mycoplasma pneumonia, ureaplasma and legionella pneumophila). In addition, anaerobes, helicobacter pylori and mycobacteria possess sensitivity to drugs.

Like other fluoroquinolones, Levobakt does not affect spirochetes.

[3], [4]

Pharmacokinetics

The absolute bioavailability of the active element is almost 100%. About 30-40% of the drug is synthesized with a blood plasma protein.

After oral administration of the drug in a dose of 0.5 g twice a day, the predicted inessential cumulation of the active ingredient is noted.

Only a small part of the substance is metabolized.

Excretion is relatively slow (half-life is 6-8 hours). More than 85% of the portion taken is excreted with the help of kidneys.

There are no noticeable differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters of levofloxacin with its intravenous administration and ingestion.

Dosing and administration

Tablets are taken orally, without binding to eating, but given the severity of the developed infection and the degree of sensitivity of the bacterium pathogen. The size of the portion is 0.25-0.5 g, with one or two times daily use.

The duration of the course is determined by the course of the pathology, but it can not be longer than 2 weeks. It is necessary to continue therapy in the period of at least 48-72 hours after temperature stabilization or microbiological studies confirmed destruction of the bacterium pathogen.

Intravenously, the drug is administered taking into account medical indications:

• with pneumonia - in a dose of 0.5 g twice a day;
• with an infection affecting the urinary ducts - in a dose of 0.25 g once a day;
• for infections affecting subcutaneous tissue and skin surface - at a dosage of 0.25 g twice a day.

Because the excretion of the drug occurs in the urine, people with kidney deficiency need to adjust the dosage size depending on the level of CC.

Use of the levobakta during pregnancy

You can not prescribe Levobakt to pregnant women.

Contraindications

The main contraindications:

• the presence of intolerance in relation to levofloxacin or other quinolones;
• seizures of epilepsy;
• the presence in the anamnesis of indications for tendonitis, which developed due to the use of fluoroquinolones;
• women breastfeeding.

[5], [6]

Side effects of the levobakta

The use of the drug often leads to the appearance of such side-effects:

• signs of hypersensitivity, hyperemia and pain at the site of administration, as well as phlebitis (with intravenous infusion);
• diarrhea and nausea;
• sensation of drowsiness and headaches;
• tachycardia
• an increase in the activity of the elements of ALAT and ASAT within the blood plasma;
• leukopenia or eosinophilia.

The following signs are rare:

• photosensitivity and spasm of bronchi;
• a sharp decrease in the values of blood pressure (with intravenous injections);
• development of hypoglycemia;
• the appearance of paresthesias;
• occurrence of psychosis;
• development tubulointerstitsialnogo nephritis or hepatitis, and in addition pseudomembranous form of colitis, manifested in the form of diarrhea with blood;
• agranulocytosis or thrombocytopenia.

Overdose

When intoxication develops manifestations affecting the function of the central nervous system - such as dizziness, a sense of confusion, psychosis and seizures.

Symptomatic measures are used to eliminate the disorders. The dialysis procedure does not promote the excretion of levofloxacin. The medicine does not have an antidote.

[7], [8]

Interactions with other drugs

Absorption of levofloxacin is significantly weakened when combined with magnesium or aluminum-containing antacids, and in addition to drugs containing iron salts.

Carefully combine Levobakt with medications that lower the convulsive threshold (such as NSAIDs and theophylline).

Cimetidine with probenecid weakens the elimination of the drug from the body.

[9], [10]

Storage conditions

Levobakt is required to be kept in a place closed from penetration of moisture. The temperature is not higher than 25 ° C.

Shelf life

Levobakt can be used for 3 years since the release of a drug.

Application for children

The medicine is not used in persons under the age of 18 years.

Analogues

Analogues of the drug are such drugs as Leflok, Levomak (also injected intravenously), Levolety, Leflocin with Levofloxacin-Health, and in addition Fleksid with Floksiumom and Tavanik.