Ixzim

Ixim is an antimicrobial drug for oral use.

Indications Ixzima

It is indicated for the elimination of infections caused by pathogenic flora that is sensitive to the effects of the substance cefixime:

• in acute or chronic forms of lung diseases;
• for chronic or acute stages of ENT diseases;
• in case of bacterial infection in the kidneys or urinary tract;
• in acute forms of intestinal infections.

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Release form

Available in powder form in 50 ml bottles. The package contains 1 bottle, which comes with a measuring cup.

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Pharmacodynamics

The drug belongs to the category of 3rd generation cephalosporins, which have pronounced bactericidal activity, as well as strong resistance to the effects of β-lactamases.

It is active against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria: pneumococci, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella, Haemophilus influenzae (gram-positive with gram-negative β-lactamases), Moraxella catarrhalis (gram-negative with gram-positive β-lactamases), and Enterobacter. Most enterococci, as well as pseudomonads, Bacteroides fragilis, Listeria monocytogenes, as well as staphylococci and clostridia are not sensitive to the effects of cefixime.

Salmonella intestinalis, Salmonella enterica and Proteus vulgaris also have increased sensitivity to the drug.

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Pharmacokinetics

The drug is quickly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. When taken internally, its peak in the blood occurs after 2-6 hours. The bioavailability level reaches 30-50%. Synthesis with albumins is 65%. The half-life is 2.5-4 hours. The substance is eliminated with urine, often unchanged. About 10% of the drug is excreted with bile.

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Dosing and administration

Ixim is an antibiotic for internal use used to treat children (0.5-12 years of age weighing less than 50 kg), the dosage is 8 mg/kg once a day or 4 mg/kg twice a day.

At the age of over 12 years with a weight of more than 50 kg it is required to drink 400 mg once or 200 mg twice a day. On average, the therapeutic course is 10-14 days.

In chronic renal failure (glomerular filtration rate >20 ml/min), half of the daily dosage is required. In other cases, the dosage does not need to be adjusted.

To make a suspension, first shake the bottle with the powder to fluff it up. Next, add boiled water cooled to room temperature (to the level of the 1 mark) to the container and shake. Then add water to the upper mark and stir until a suspension is formed. It should be drunk 5 minutes after the powder has dissolved. It is recommended to shake the medicine before each use.

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Use Ixzima during pregnancy

Ixim should not be prescribed to pregnant women or during breastfeeding.

Contraindications

Contraindications include: severe intolerance to the substance cephalosporin, and along with it penicillins or other components of the drug. In addition, the presence of bleeding inside the gastrointestinal tract, porphyria, liver failure and nonspecific ulcerative colitis.

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Side effects Ixzima

The use of the drug may cause certain side effects:

• hematopoietic and lymphatic processes: development of granulocyto-, thrombocyto-, neutro-, and leukopenia, as well as eosinophilia or hypereosinophilia. Also the appearance of thrombocytosis, agranulocytosis, hypoprothrombinemia, hemolytic anemia, thrombophlebitis, purpura. In addition, the duration of prothrombin and thrombin time may increase (the appearance of bruises with bleeding without apparent reason);
• digestive system organs: stomach cramps, diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, dyspeptic symptoms. In addition, vomiting, bloating, oral candidiasis, dysbacteriosis, glossitis or stomatitis;
• bile ducts and liver: development of cholestasis, jaundice, and in addition, hepatitis;
• infectious pathologies: pseudomembranous colitis;
• laboratory tests: increased levels of AST or ALT, urea, and also bilirubin in the blood, and in addition, creatinine in the serum;
• metabolic process: loss of appetite with the development of anorexia;
• nervous system organs: dizziness with headaches, hyperactivity, development of dysphoria;
• auditory organs: hearing loss;
• respiratory system organs, sternum and mediastinum: development of dyspnea;
• urinary system and kidneys: acute stage of renal failure with interstitial nephritis as the underlying disease, and in addition, the development of hematuria;
• subcutaneous tissue with skin, as well as the immune system: anaphylaxis, manifestations similar to serum sickness, and also drug rashes, accompanied by systemic signs and eosinophilia. In addition, swelling of the face, fever, itching and rash, arthralgia and drug-induced fever. Quincke's edema or urticaria may develop. The above symptoms usually disappear after discontinuing the drug. Lyell's syndrome or Stevens-Johnson syndrome may also develop;
• mammary glands and reproductive system: candidiasis or vaginitis, as well as itching in the genital area;
• other disorders: severe fatigue, increased sweating, feeling of weakness, inflammation of the mucous membranes.

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Overdose

As a result of an overdose of the drug, functional disorders in the liver or kidneys may occur, as well as nausea with vomiting, hallucinations, as well as dizziness and hyperreflexia.

There is no specific therapy for the disorder. To remove the symptoms, you need to perform gastric lavage, take detoxifying drugs and sorbents. Peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis procedures will not give an effect.

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Interactions with other drugs

When combined with probenecid, the pharmacological properties of Ixim are enhanced.

When taken with salicylic acid in high doses, the bioavailability of the substance cefixime can increase by 50%.

The active component of the drug increases the peak level of carbamazepine, which increases the likelihood of developing an overdose from it.

Nifedipine increases the bioavailability of cefixime, and in addition increases the likelihood of developing side effects.

Aminoglycosides and furosemide increase the nephrotoxic properties of cefixime. False positive glucose reactions in urine may develop in case of simultaneous use of cefixime with copper sulfates, Fehling's solution or Benedict's reagent.

Cefixime may cause false-positive reactions in the direct Coombs test.

Combined use with warfarin and anticoagulants prolongs prothrombin time. This should be taken into account when prescribing the drug to people treated with anticoagulants.

The effectiveness of combined oral contraception is reduced when combined with Ixim.

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Storage conditions

The medicine should be kept in a place protected from moisture and sun, as well as from access of small children. Temperature – maximum 25°C.

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Shelf life

Ixim is suitable for use for 2 years from the date of its release. The prepared suspension can be stored for a maximum of 2 weeks (in a dark and dry place).

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