Hyoxysone

Hyoxysone is a combination drug that includes two active components: hydrocortisone acetate and oxytetracycline hydrochloride. This drug is a topical remedy widely used to treat skin infections and inflammatory skin diseases.

Composition and action of components:

1. Hydrocortisone acetate is a corticosteroid that helps reduce inflammation, itching, and redness of the skin. It works by suppressing the immune response and releasing inflammatory mediators in the affected area.
2. Oxytetracycline hydrochloride is an antibiotic from the tetracycline group that has a broad spectrum of action against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. It works by preventing protein synthesis in bacterial cells, leading to their death.

Indications Hyoxyzone

1. Inflammatory skin diseases: Allergic contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, eczema and other types of inflammatory skin diseases accompanied by itching, redness, swelling and other symptoms.
2. Skin infections: Superficial bacterial skin infections such as boils, pyoderma and other infections where there is a risk of developing a secondary infection or if an infection is already present.
3. Various skin processes: Pustular skin diseases, acne, wounds, abrasions and other skin lesions requiring antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory treatment.

Release form

Hyoxyzone is usually presented in the form of an ointment for external use.

Pharmacodynamics

1. Hydrocortisone acetate:

   • Glucocorticosteroid: Hydrocortisone is a synthetic analogue of cortisol, which is a naturally occurring glucocorticosteroid. Glucocorticosteroids have a wide range of pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antiallergic and immunosuppressive effects.
   • Anti-inflammatory effect: Hydrocortisone reduces inflammatory processes by suppressing the release of inflammatory mediators and activation of inflammatory cells.
   • Antiallergic effect: Prevents the development of allergic reactions by suppressing the release of histamine and other allergy mediators.
   • Antiexudative effect: Reduces the penetration of fluid and proteins into tissues during inflammation.

2. Oxytetracycline hydrochloride:

   • Antibacterial action: Oxytetracycline is a broad spectrum antibiotic from the tetracycline group. It inhibits bacterial protein synthesis, which leads to inhibition of bacterial growth and reproduction.
   • Anti-inflammatory effect: In addition to its antibacterial effect, oxytetracycline also exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by reducing the activity of inflammatory cells and the release of inflammatory mediators.

Pharmacokinetics

1. Hydrocortisone acetate: This glucocorticosteroid can be absorbed through the skin at the site of application. It is usually metabolized in the liver and excreted primarily through the kidneys. The half-life of hydrocortisone acetate may vary depending on the formulation and method of administration.
2. Oxytetracycline hydrochloride: This is an antibiotic from the tetracycline group. After administration, it is usually well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The product is metabolized in the liver and excreted mainly in the urine.

Dosing and administration

1. Method of application:

   • The ointment is applied to the affected areas of the skin in a thin layer.
   • Skin should be cleaned and dried before application.
   • Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes.

2. Dosage:

   • Usually Hyoxysone ointment is used 2-3 times a day.
   • The amount of ointment to be applied may vary depending on the size of the affected area of skin. Usually a small amount of ointment is enough to cover the area with a thin layer.

3. Duration of treatment:

   • The duration of treatment is determined by the doctor depending on the nature and severity of the disease.
   • It is important to complete the course of treatment, even if symptoms improve sooner.

Use Hyoxyzone during pregnancy

The use of Hyoxysone, which contains hydrocortisone acetate and oxytetracycline hydrochloride, during pregnancy requires special caution and medical supervision. Here are the details about each of the components:

1. Hydrocortisone acetate is a corticosteroid that can act systemically on the body when used over large areas of skin, under occlusive dressings, or on broken skin. Corticosteroids that penetrate the skin can potentially affect fetal development. During pregnancy, the use of corticosteroids is recommended only in cases where the benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus.
2. Oxytetracycline hydrochloride is an antibiotic from the tetracycline group that can negatively affect the development of fetal teeth and bones. Tetracyclines can cause tooth staining and bone growth retardation in the fetus, so their use during pregnancy is generally contraindicated.

Recommendations for the use of Hyoxyzone during pregnancy:

• Discussion with your doctor: Always consult your doctor before using any medication during pregnancy. The doctor will be able to assess the possible risks and benefits of using Gioxyzone in your particular case.
• Limited Use: If use of Hyoxysone is necessary, use should be limited to small amounts and short courses of treatment to minimize the potential risk to the developing child.
• Avoid large areas of skin and damaged areas: Application to large areas of skin or areas of compromised integrity may increase the absorption of active substances and therefore their systemic exposure.
• Avoid long-term use: Long-term use of corticosteroids may lead to additional risks, including systemic side effects.

Contraindications

1. Individual intolerance: People with a known individual intolerance to hydrocortisone acetate, oxytetracycline hydrochloride or any other components of the drug should avoid its use.
2. Food allergy to tetracyclines: Oxytetracycline contained in the drug belongs to the group of tetracyclines. People with an allergy to tetracyclines should avoid using this drug.
3. Viral skin infections: Hyoxysone is not suitable for the treatment of viral skin infections such as herpes or chickenpox.
4. Open wounds: The drug may be contraindicated for use on large open wounds due to the risk of systemic exposure to oxytetracycline.
5. Oral administration: The drug is not intended for oral administration. It is intended for external use on the skin only.
6. Children and pregnant women: The use of Hyoxyzone in children and pregnant women requires special attention and may require a doctor's prescription.

Side effects Hyoxyzone

1. Skin reactions: Irritation, redness, burning or itching at the site of application of the ointment is possible.
2. Allergic reactions: Rarely, allergic reactions such as rashes, urticaria or angioedema may occur.
3. Cross-sensitivity: In case of sensitivity to other tetracyclines, cross-sensitivity reactions may develop.
4. Risk of infections: Long-term use of topical corticosteroids may increase the risk of developing skin infections or be accompanied by the development of fungal infections.
5. Rare: Possible systemic side effects, such as suppression of adrenal function with prolonged and/or intensive use.

Overdose

1. Hydrocortisone acetate:

   • If the recommended dose of glucocorticosteroids, such as hydrocortisone, is exceeded, systemic adverse effects may occur, such as hypertension, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, hypokalemia, adrenal dysfunction, fluid and sodium retention, and disturbances in the digestive system.
   • Prolonged and excessive use of glucocorticosteroids can also lead to the development of systemic side effects, including Cushing's syndrome, muscle and skin atrophy, decreased immunity and other disorders.

2. Oxytetracycline hydrochloride:

   • An overdose of oxytetracycline may cause increased antibiotic side effects, such as dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dysbacteriosis, anorexia, dysuria and angioedema.
   • It is also possible to develop allergic reactions, including skin rashes, itching, angioedema, anaplaxia and other allergic manifestations.

Interactions with other drugs

1. Interaction of hydrocortisone acetate with other glucocorticosteroids: The risk of side effects such as osteoporosis and decreased adrenal function may increase.
2. Interaction of oxytetracycline hydrochloride with antiacids, iron, calcium: Oxytetracycline can form inactive complexes with these substances, which reduces its absorption.
3. Interaction with antibiotics: The interaction of oxytetracycline with other antibiotics can increase or decrease their effectiveness.
4. Interaction with anticoagulants: Hydrocortisone can increase the risk of bleeding when taken simultaneously with anticoagulants.
5. Interaction with antidepressants: An increase in the side effects of both drugs may occur.